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⋡ A Machine Capable of following instruction to alter data in a
desirable way and to perform at least some of these operations
without human intervention.
⋡ A computer is programmable machine that receives input, stores
and manipulates data, and provides output in useful format.
⋡ Computer as used an electronic device that allow inputting data
and having it stored, processed or otherwise manipulated quickly
and efficiently.
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⋡ The repetitive process of computation leads to people becoming
bored in computing such as navigational table, tide carts and
planetary positions for astronomical almanace. People were doing
these things everyday and this is the reason why people invented
computers, that is to aid in numerous computation required
everyday.
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⋡ The Abacus
>> The first computing aid that were used to help them in their
computation.
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⋡ The Napier’s Bone
>> An abacus created by John Napier for calculation of products
and quotients of numbers that was based on Arab mathematics
and lattice multiplication used by Fibonacci writing in the Liber
Abaci.
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⋡ The Slide Rule
>> Used primarily for multiplication and division, and also for
“scientific” functions such as roots, logarithms and trigonometry,
but is not normally used for addition or subtraction
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⋡ The Calculating Clock/Schickard Calculator
>> Consisted of a six-digit machine that could add or subtract.
>> Wilhelm Schickard developed it on 1623 in Tubingen,
WĂĽrttemberg
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⋡ The Pascaline
>> The first calculator or adding machine to be produced in any quantity
and actually used. It could only do addition and subtraction, with
numbers beings entered by manipulating its dials.
>> Designed and build by the French mathematician-philosopher Blaise
Pascal b/t 1642 and 1644.
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⋡ The Step Reckoner
>> The first calculator that could perform all four arithmetic
operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
>> Invented by German mathematician and philosopher Gottfried
Wilhelm Leibniz around 1672 and completed 1694.
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⋡ The Difference Engine
>> An automatic, mechanical calculator designed to tabulate polynomial functions.
>> By 1822 the English mathematician Charles Babbage who is considered as
Father of the Computer today was proposing a steam driven calculating
machine the Size of a room.
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⋡ The Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine
>> The electro-mechanical tabulator.
>> On the tabulator’s desk to the right is a press-like device which would bring
an array of pins into contact with a punch card.
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⋡ The Mark I
>> The first large scale automatic digital computer in the USA by
Howard H. Aiken, build at IBM and Shipped to Harvard in February
1994
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⋡ The Apple I
>> An early personal computer.
>> They were designed and hand-build by Steve Wozniak
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⋡ The PDP-12
>> A 12 bit machine introduced in 1969.
Application included applied psychology, chemistry, patient
monitoring and industrial testing
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⋡ The IBM Personal Computer
>> The original version and progenitor of the IBM
PC compatible hardware platform
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⋡ The Personal Computer
>> Any general-purpose computer whose size, capabilities and original
sales price make it useful for individuals and which is intended to operated
directly by an end user, with no intervening computer operator.
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⋡ Netbooks
>> A branch of subnotebooks, a rapidly evolving category of a small,
lightweight and inexpensive laptop computers suited for general computing
and accessing Web-based application; they are often marketed as
“Companion devices”, i.e. to augment a user’s other computer access.
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⋡ Open
* A task that display a document window.
⋡ Close
* In a program that can be display more than one document
window, to remove a window from the display.
⋡ Copy
* A simple method of reproducing text or other data from a
source to a destination.
⋡ Cut
* To move one file in to another path or location.
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⋡ Paste
* Used to join files horizontally by outputting lines consisting
of the sequentially corresponding lines of each files
specified, separated by tabs, to the standard output.
⋡ Rename
* To change the name of the file.
⋡ Delete
* To remove the files from the folder or into the desktop.
⋡ Web browser
* A software application used for retrieving, presenting and
traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.
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⋡ Directory
* A virtual container within a digital file system in which groups of
computer files and other folders can be kept and organized.
⋡ Rename
* To change the name of the file.
⋡ Delete
* To remove the files from the folder or into the desktop.
⋡ Web browser
* A software application used for retrieving, presenting and
traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.
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⋡ Directory
* A virtual container within a digital file system in which groups of
computer files and other folders can be kept and organized.
⋡ Web page
* A document or resource of information that is suitable for the
World Wide Web and can be accessed through a web browser and
displayed on a computer screen
⋡ Web Site
* A collection of related webpages, images, videos or other digital
assets that are addressed with a common domain name or IP address
in an Internal Protocol-based network.