Accessibility testing using browser tools such as the Web Developer or the WAVE toolbars is already a daunting task; add screen reader testing requirements to the mix, and for most people, it soon becomes way too complicated to even bother. This session is intended for anyone who does not consider himself or herself to be an accessibility expert, but yet needs to sometimes assess accessibility. In this session, we will be going over a series of techniques for testing the accessibility fundamentals of HTML using NVDA, an open source screen reader. No technical ninja skillz required! Join us if you are willing to discover 12 simple techniques in 30 quick minutes!
Web access for users with disabilities is an important goal and challenging problem for web content developers and designers.
Essential open source api projects to ease the developing & testing for web accessibility.
Do you and your team know how to test for accessibility? These slides are from a recent workshop we were invited to present at #A11yTO's recent Meetup. It covers learnings from conducting accessibility testing with users, as well as some tools and tips for automated testing.
Discover some of principles and design considerations geared toward making web experiences accessible, and how to conduct an accessibility focused usability test.
This document summarizes a webinar about user testing for accessibility. It discusses why accessibility testing is important, including legal compliance and inclusiveness. It covers the WCAG 2.0 accessibility standards, types of impairments, and assistive technologies. It then discusses how to test using automated and manual tools, and with real users who have various impairments and setups. Considerations for facilitating accessibility testing and analyzing the results are also covered.
Accessibility: Proven, easy integration into design and development workflowsRobert Jolly
Integrating Accessibility (a11y) into the project process can be downright scary. In this session, I’ll cover basic web accessibility principles for web designers, developers, and site owners, then show how to turn seemingly daunting and confusing accessibility requirements into understandable, actionable tasks and techniques. The talk will cover some of the accessibility-specific WordPress plugins and themes available, as well as some quick, easy tests to integrate into design and development workflows.
How do you know if your web site is accessible? Can automated testing tools help? Glenda Sims will share gems from her 10+ years of experience testing sites for accessibility. Equip yourself with free and powerful testing tools. Learn how to turn it up a notch when you need to monitor accessibility across a vast enterprise. See some of the very latest testing tools that will help you evaluate color contrast, dynamic content and WAI-ARIA compliance
Testing Accessibility on Mobile Applications with Flip Cameras and moreTed Drake
This presentation was given by the Yahoo Accessibility Lab at the Web 2.0 Expo in New York to show how we've been using Flip cameras, screen capturing software, and more to do accessibility testing and education.
Accessibility Testing Tools for Developers - Gerard K. Cohen - CSUN 2016gerardkcohen
This document provides an overview of various accessibility testing tools for developers, including HTML and CSS validation tools, JavaScript bookmarklets, browser plugins, and advanced testing tools. It lists specific tools such as the HTML Validator, debugCSS, tota11y, the Accessibility Developer Tools, WAVE, and aXe. The document also provides contact information for the author, Gerard K. Cohen, a front-end UX architect and senior accessibility lead at Wells Fargo.
Frenchweb 500 - Le classement des 500 premières entreprises de la Tech frança...FrenchWeb.fr
En 1995, un premier flot de nouveaux acteurs se confronte à des acteurs historiques, à des régulations qui visent à protéger la rente de ces derniers… le temps d'opérer leurs propres transformations. Trente ans plus tard, quelles sont les principales entreprises de la FrenchTech qui dominent dans cet écosystème ? C’est la question à laquelle nous avons voulu répondre au travers de ce Frenchweb 500.
Web access for users with disabilities is an important goal and challenging problem for web content developers and designers.
Essential open source api projects to ease the developing & testing for web accessibility.
Do you and your team know how to test for accessibility? These slides are from a recent workshop we were invited to present at #A11yTO's recent Meetup. It covers learnings from conducting accessibility testing with users, as well as some tools and tips for automated testing.
Discover some of principles and design considerations geared toward making web experiences accessible, and how to conduct an accessibility focused usability test.
This document summarizes a webinar about user testing for accessibility. It discusses why accessibility testing is important, including legal compliance and inclusiveness. It covers the WCAG 2.0 accessibility standards, types of impairments, and assistive technologies. It then discusses how to test using automated and manual tools, and with real users who have various impairments and setups. Considerations for facilitating accessibility testing and analyzing the results are also covered.
Accessibility: Proven, easy integration into design and development workflowsRobert Jolly
Integrating Accessibility (a11y) into the project process can be downright scary. In this session, I’ll cover basic web accessibility principles for web designers, developers, and site owners, then show how to turn seemingly daunting and confusing accessibility requirements into understandable, actionable tasks and techniques. The talk will cover some of the accessibility-specific WordPress plugins and themes available, as well as some quick, easy tests to integrate into design and development workflows.
How do you know if your web site is accessible? Can automated testing tools help? Glenda Sims will share gems from her 10+ years of experience testing sites for accessibility. Equip yourself with free and powerful testing tools. Learn how to turn it up a notch when you need to monitor accessibility across a vast enterprise. See some of the very latest testing tools that will help you evaluate color contrast, dynamic content and WAI-ARIA compliance
Testing Accessibility on Mobile Applications with Flip Cameras and moreTed Drake
This presentation was given by the Yahoo Accessibility Lab at the Web 2.0 Expo in New York to show how we've been using Flip cameras, screen capturing software, and more to do accessibility testing and education.
Accessibility Testing Tools for Developers - Gerard K. Cohen - CSUN 2016gerardkcohen
This document provides an overview of various accessibility testing tools for developers, including HTML and CSS validation tools, JavaScript bookmarklets, browser plugins, and advanced testing tools. It lists specific tools such as the HTML Validator, debugCSS, tota11y, the Accessibility Developer Tools, WAVE, and aXe. The document also provides contact information for the author, Gerard K. Cohen, a front-end UX architect and senior accessibility lead at Wells Fargo.
Frenchweb 500 - Le classement des 500 premières entreprises de la Tech frança...FrenchWeb.fr
En 1995, un premier flot de nouveaux acteurs se confronte à des acteurs historiques, à des régulations qui visent à protéger la rente de ces derniers… le temps d'opérer leurs propres transformations. Trente ans plus tard, quelles sont les principales entreprises de la FrenchTech qui dominent dans cet écosystème ? C’est la question à laquelle nous avons voulu répondre au travers de ce Frenchweb 500.
Fringe Accessibility: A11y Camp Toronto 2015Adrian Roselli
If you work in accessibility, you probably know some of the basics for supporting users (labels, contrast, alt text). I'll touch on some newer or more obscure techniques that can help prime you to look at the new hotness features with a more critical eye. Instead of pushing code techniques, I’ll review the logic behind these approaches (which you can refute, checking off that elusive audience participation selling point!). We'll discuss the search role, language attribute, <main> element, infinite scroll, page zoom, source order, and as much as I can squeeze in before I am chased from the room.
Hands On (& Eyes & Ears) Accessibility WorkshopNovember Samnee
This document discusses the importance of accessibility and provides guidance on implementing accessibility. It notes that 27 million Americans have disabilities and people with disabilities spend $1 trillion annually. Ensuring accessibility from the start costs 10% more than retrofitting later. The document reviews common assistive technologies, standards like WCAG 2.0, and tools for testing accessibility. It encourages planning for accessibility early in the design process.
This document discusses accessibility initiatives within an enterprise. It covers three main topics: [1] Winning the business case for accessibility by understanding business objectives and championing the initiative; [2] Developing accessibility policies and processes through standards, stakeholder buy-in and integrating accessibility into product lifecycles; and [3] Training and testing through user-centered design, disability inclusion and continuous improvement.
The document summarizes the first year of Humana's enterprise web accessibility program. It discusses establishing pillars and philosophies, two case studies of making the Humana-Medicare website and an AEP marketing campaign accessible, and lessons learned. For the website redesign, three methods were tried: requirements with no process changes failed; phased requirements and some changes slowed progress; and an embedded accessibility developer model led to training, faster development, and cost savings. The campaign integrated accessibility successfully across agencies. Looking ahead, Humana aims to improve the consumer experience on its integrated digital platform. Lessons included finding allies, ongoing outreach, and that accessibility enables beautiful design.
The document discusses how to stay committed to fitness goals by treating training like a project with goals, plans, milestones and deadlines. It recommends committing to events, using gadgets like a heart rate monitor and GPS to track progress, planning workouts in a calendar, and getting connected to an online community to stay accountable and motivated. For beginners, it suggests committing to a reasonable goal, getting connected to resources, and planning and starting a training program while having fun.
Presented at ConfabEdu in Atlanta, Georgia, November 11, 2013, Derek Featherstone shows us several lessons about making our content more accessible to people with visual, cognitive, hearing, and mobility/dexterity related disabilities.
Design and Development Techniques for Accessibility: WordCamp Tampa 2015Robert Jolly
I’ll explore basic web accessibility principles for web designers, developers, and site owners, then show how to turn seemingly daunting and confusing accessibility requirements into understandable, actionable tasks and techniques. The talk will cover some of the accessibility-specific WordPress plugins and themes available, as well as some quick, easy tests to integrate into design and development workflows.
Single page apps like those built with AngularJS can cause accessibility issues if not developed correctly. Dynamic page content and lack of focus management can disorient users. The document provides examples of how to address these challenges, such as programmatically setting page titles, binding clicks to native controls, managing focus with JavaScript, hiding non-essential content for screen readers with ARIA, and using ARIA attributes to provide status updates. Semantic HTML, proper use of tabindex, and fallback navigation are also recommended for building accessible single page apps.
Diving into the deep end: SVG, Angular and AccessibilityDerek Featherstone
This document discusses accessibility issues with SVG and Angular, and provides examples and solutions. It addresses problems with non-native keyboard access and text equivalents in SVG, as well as determining click targets, dynamic page titles, and focus management in Angular. The document also provides examples of using ARIA roles and properties to improve accessibility in Angular applications.
The Mindfulness of Accessibility and Design Wu (Elle Waters)UXPA International
The document discusses Elle Waters, an accessibility expert. It provides her contact information and notes that she may leave people with more questions than answers about accessibility. It also contains information about the growing aging population in the US and disabilities among seniors. Finally, it discusses how language and culture can impact accessibility and questions whether accessibility best practices are based on biases.
Accessibility as a Design Tool
Derek Featherstone argues that accessibility should be integrated into design workflows from the beginning of any project. He advocates including people with disabilities in user research, testing designs for accessibility, and validating solutions with people with disabilities. Featherstone believes accessibility makes for better design overall when incorporated throughout the entire design process, from project definition to launch.
Content strategists are in a unique position to effectively champion accessibility within their teams and organizations. You are trusted advisors and connect with all the right stakeholders for a project, including the people that will use the product you're building. You are often the person that connects the big picture with in the trenches hands-on work.
Filled with practical advice and examples from real projects, this session will provide you with an in-depth look at accessibility requirements for content on the modern web, recognize opportunities for ensuring that your work and that of your teams is as accessible as it can be as you integrate accessibility into your overall process.
You'll learn:
* How people with disabilities use the web and how that influences your content and its consumption
* How you can use accessibility as a tool to simply create content that is better for everyone
* Four cornerstone principles of accessibility that should guide all your content creation
Accessible design: which everyone do you mean? CSUN 2015Derek Featherstone
Originally presented at OpenWebCamp 6 in 2014 and then again (shortened) at CSUN 2015.
When you design for everyone, do you really mean everyone, or do you actually STILL mean that you're designing for people like you? Do you still mean the Western world? Do you still mean building for screen reader users?
For many of my early years as a web developer, I called what I created accessible, but in many ways, I meant screen reader compatible. Through working with different people with disabilities and different assistive technologies, you'll learn new things that don't have anything to do with guidelines, rules, or success criteria. And that's okay -- those rules and success criteria are an incredible starting point. But they aren't our end point. Not if we truly mean "everyone."
In this session we'll look at designing for audiences other than screen readers. In fact, you'll hear NOTHING about screen reader accessibility in this talk. You'll hear about other audiences: people with mobility or dexterity impairments, low-vision, and even different literacy or cultural differences. You'll learn several practical takeaways to help you design and build things that go beyond screen reader compatible.
In 2005, the provincial government passed the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (the “AODA”). AODA aims to make Ontario fully accessible by 2025 by addressing barriers that prevent people with disabilities from fully and equally participating in all aspects of public life. This presentation will cover the key aspects and principles of the impact of AODA on Customer Service Standards (CSS).
Making Accessibility Affordable - NAGW 2013Elle Waters
This document provides guidance on winning support for accessibility initiatives within an organization. It discusses asking the right questions about the organization's values, priorities, budget process, and decision makers. It also covers developing an accessibility policy, assessing training needs, and planning an effective implementation process. The key is understanding the organizational culture and aligning accessibility goals to existing priorities and measures of success. Building relationships and demonstrating how accessibility can help others meet their goals is important.
CSUN 2011: How to Eat an Elephant: Tackling Web Accessibility in a Large Corp...Elle Waters
Wednesday, March 16, 2011, San Diego
Humana's Accessibility team relays the challenges they faced instituting web accessibility across a Fortune 100 company. The team will share successes and lessons learned.
Lisa Barnett
Humana
Wes Dillon
Deque Systems
Preety Kumar
Deque Systems, Inc
Sharron Rush
Knowbility, Inc.
Elle Waters
Humana
HijackLoader Evolution: Interactive Process HollowingDonato Onofri
CrowdStrike researchers have identified a HijackLoader (aka IDAT Loader) sample that employs sophisticated evasion techniques to enhance the complexity of the threat. HijackLoader, an increasingly popular tool among adversaries for deploying additional payloads and tooling, continues to evolve as its developers experiment and enhance its capabilities.
In their analysis of a recent HijackLoader sample, CrowdStrike researchers discovered new techniques designed to increase the defense evasion capabilities of the loader. The malware developer used a standard process hollowing technique coupled with an additional trigger that was activated by the parent process writing to a pipe. This new approach, called "Interactive Process Hollowing", has the potential to make defense evasion stealthier.
Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to Indiadavidjhones387
"Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to India! From cost-effective services and expert professionals to round-the-clock work advantages, learn how your business can achieve digital success with Indian SEO solutions.
Fringe Accessibility: A11y Camp Toronto 2015Adrian Roselli
If you work in accessibility, you probably know some of the basics for supporting users (labels, contrast, alt text). I'll touch on some newer or more obscure techniques that can help prime you to look at the new hotness features with a more critical eye. Instead of pushing code techniques, I’ll review the logic behind these approaches (which you can refute, checking off that elusive audience participation selling point!). We'll discuss the search role, language attribute, <main> element, infinite scroll, page zoom, source order, and as much as I can squeeze in before I am chased from the room.
Hands On (& Eyes & Ears) Accessibility WorkshopNovember Samnee
This document discusses the importance of accessibility and provides guidance on implementing accessibility. It notes that 27 million Americans have disabilities and people with disabilities spend $1 trillion annually. Ensuring accessibility from the start costs 10% more than retrofitting later. The document reviews common assistive technologies, standards like WCAG 2.0, and tools for testing accessibility. It encourages planning for accessibility early in the design process.
This document discusses accessibility initiatives within an enterprise. It covers three main topics: [1] Winning the business case for accessibility by understanding business objectives and championing the initiative; [2] Developing accessibility policies and processes through standards, stakeholder buy-in and integrating accessibility into product lifecycles; and [3] Training and testing through user-centered design, disability inclusion and continuous improvement.
The document summarizes the first year of Humana's enterprise web accessibility program. It discusses establishing pillars and philosophies, two case studies of making the Humana-Medicare website and an AEP marketing campaign accessible, and lessons learned. For the website redesign, three methods were tried: requirements with no process changes failed; phased requirements and some changes slowed progress; and an embedded accessibility developer model led to training, faster development, and cost savings. The campaign integrated accessibility successfully across agencies. Looking ahead, Humana aims to improve the consumer experience on its integrated digital platform. Lessons included finding allies, ongoing outreach, and that accessibility enables beautiful design.
The document discusses how to stay committed to fitness goals by treating training like a project with goals, plans, milestones and deadlines. It recommends committing to events, using gadgets like a heart rate monitor and GPS to track progress, planning workouts in a calendar, and getting connected to an online community to stay accountable and motivated. For beginners, it suggests committing to a reasonable goal, getting connected to resources, and planning and starting a training program while having fun.
Presented at ConfabEdu in Atlanta, Georgia, November 11, 2013, Derek Featherstone shows us several lessons about making our content more accessible to people with visual, cognitive, hearing, and mobility/dexterity related disabilities.
Design and Development Techniques for Accessibility: WordCamp Tampa 2015Robert Jolly
I’ll explore basic web accessibility principles for web designers, developers, and site owners, then show how to turn seemingly daunting and confusing accessibility requirements into understandable, actionable tasks and techniques. The talk will cover some of the accessibility-specific WordPress plugins and themes available, as well as some quick, easy tests to integrate into design and development workflows.
Single page apps like those built with AngularJS can cause accessibility issues if not developed correctly. Dynamic page content and lack of focus management can disorient users. The document provides examples of how to address these challenges, such as programmatically setting page titles, binding clicks to native controls, managing focus with JavaScript, hiding non-essential content for screen readers with ARIA, and using ARIA attributes to provide status updates. Semantic HTML, proper use of tabindex, and fallback navigation are also recommended for building accessible single page apps.
Diving into the deep end: SVG, Angular and AccessibilityDerek Featherstone
This document discusses accessibility issues with SVG and Angular, and provides examples and solutions. It addresses problems with non-native keyboard access and text equivalents in SVG, as well as determining click targets, dynamic page titles, and focus management in Angular. The document also provides examples of using ARIA roles and properties to improve accessibility in Angular applications.
The Mindfulness of Accessibility and Design Wu (Elle Waters)UXPA International
The document discusses Elle Waters, an accessibility expert. It provides her contact information and notes that she may leave people with more questions than answers about accessibility. It also contains information about the growing aging population in the US and disabilities among seniors. Finally, it discusses how language and culture can impact accessibility and questions whether accessibility best practices are based on biases.
Accessibility as a Design Tool
Derek Featherstone argues that accessibility should be integrated into design workflows from the beginning of any project. He advocates including people with disabilities in user research, testing designs for accessibility, and validating solutions with people with disabilities. Featherstone believes accessibility makes for better design overall when incorporated throughout the entire design process, from project definition to launch.
Content strategists are in a unique position to effectively champion accessibility within their teams and organizations. You are trusted advisors and connect with all the right stakeholders for a project, including the people that will use the product you're building. You are often the person that connects the big picture with in the trenches hands-on work.
Filled with practical advice and examples from real projects, this session will provide you with an in-depth look at accessibility requirements for content on the modern web, recognize opportunities for ensuring that your work and that of your teams is as accessible as it can be as you integrate accessibility into your overall process.
You'll learn:
* How people with disabilities use the web and how that influences your content and its consumption
* How you can use accessibility as a tool to simply create content that is better for everyone
* Four cornerstone principles of accessibility that should guide all your content creation
Accessible design: which everyone do you mean? CSUN 2015Derek Featherstone
Originally presented at OpenWebCamp 6 in 2014 and then again (shortened) at CSUN 2015.
When you design for everyone, do you really mean everyone, or do you actually STILL mean that you're designing for people like you? Do you still mean the Western world? Do you still mean building for screen reader users?
For many of my early years as a web developer, I called what I created accessible, but in many ways, I meant screen reader compatible. Through working with different people with disabilities and different assistive technologies, you'll learn new things that don't have anything to do with guidelines, rules, or success criteria. And that's okay -- those rules and success criteria are an incredible starting point. But they aren't our end point. Not if we truly mean "everyone."
In this session we'll look at designing for audiences other than screen readers. In fact, you'll hear NOTHING about screen reader accessibility in this talk. You'll hear about other audiences: people with mobility or dexterity impairments, low-vision, and even different literacy or cultural differences. You'll learn several practical takeaways to help you design and build things that go beyond screen reader compatible.
In 2005, the provincial government passed the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (the “AODA”). AODA aims to make Ontario fully accessible by 2025 by addressing barriers that prevent people with disabilities from fully and equally participating in all aspects of public life. This presentation will cover the key aspects and principles of the impact of AODA on Customer Service Standards (CSS).
Making Accessibility Affordable - NAGW 2013Elle Waters
This document provides guidance on winning support for accessibility initiatives within an organization. It discusses asking the right questions about the organization's values, priorities, budget process, and decision makers. It also covers developing an accessibility policy, assessing training needs, and planning an effective implementation process. The key is understanding the organizational culture and aligning accessibility goals to existing priorities and measures of success. Building relationships and demonstrating how accessibility can help others meet their goals is important.
CSUN 2011: How to Eat an Elephant: Tackling Web Accessibility in a Large Corp...Elle Waters
Wednesday, March 16, 2011, San Diego
Humana's Accessibility team relays the challenges they faced instituting web accessibility across a Fortune 100 company. The team will share successes and lessons learned.
Lisa Barnett
Humana
Wes Dillon
Deque Systems
Preety Kumar
Deque Systems, Inc
Sharron Rush
Knowbility, Inc.
Elle Waters
Humana
HijackLoader Evolution: Interactive Process HollowingDonato Onofri
CrowdStrike researchers have identified a HijackLoader (aka IDAT Loader) sample that employs sophisticated evasion techniques to enhance the complexity of the threat. HijackLoader, an increasingly popular tool among adversaries for deploying additional payloads and tooling, continues to evolve as its developers experiment and enhance its capabilities.
In their analysis of a recent HijackLoader sample, CrowdStrike researchers discovered new techniques designed to increase the defense evasion capabilities of the loader. The malware developer used a standard process hollowing technique coupled with an additional trigger that was activated by the parent process writing to a pipe. This new approach, called "Interactive Process Hollowing", has the potential to make defense evasion stealthier.
Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to Indiadavidjhones387
"Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to India! From cost-effective services and expert professionals to round-the-clock work advantages, learn how your business can achieve digital success with Indian SEO solutions.
Ready to Unlock the Power of Blockchain!Toptal Tech
Imagine a world where data flows freely, yet remains secure. A world where trust is built into the fabric of every transaction. This is the promise of blockchain, a revolutionary technology poised to reshape our digital landscape.
Toptal Tech is at the forefront of this innovation, connecting you with the brightest minds in blockchain development. Together, we can unlock the potential of this transformative technology, building a future of transparency, security, and endless possibilities.
5. 39 000 000
people are blind
246 000 000
people have low vision
Visual impairment and blindness (WHO, 2014)
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs282/en/
10. Meet Mary
Needs and Goals
• To know she can trust people
• Open her own music school
Behaviors
• Very outgoing, always seeking excitement
• Gets things done quickly when focused
Particularities
• Was born blind
• Is a power screen reader user
• Uses NVDA at a speech rate of 75
Demographics
• 35 years old
• Married
• Two boys
• Musician
• Works from home
11. Meet John
Needs and Goals
• Clear, simple instructions
• Not get lost in details
Behaviors
• Loves to make to-do lists for everything
• Frequently feels anxious and overwhelmed
Particularities
• Became legally blind after car accident
• Is a casual screen reader user
• Uses NVDA at a speech rate of 50
Demographics
• 47 years old
• Single
• No kids
• Accountant
• Works in small office
12. Meet Jim
Needs and Goals
• Spend as much time as possible with family
• Goes to church every Sunday
Behaviors
• Untrusting of computers and technology
• Finds interacting with computers impersonal
Particularities
• Has macular degeneration (low vision)
• Recently been introduced to screen readers
• Uses NVDA at a speech rate of 25
Demographics
• 75 years old
• Widower
• 15 kids/grandkids
• Retired
13. Meet Andrea
Needs and Goals
• Become a partner at her clinic
• Be a great mother to her only daughter
Behaviors
• Can sometimes be obsessive-compulsive
• Gets bogged down in details
Particularities
• Has dyslexia and difficulty concentrating
• Is an experienced screen reader user
• Uses NVDA at a speech rate of 50
Demographics
• 26 years old
• Single
• 1 daughter
• Physical Therapist
• Works in a Clinic
14. screen reader users
types of very specific needs
radically different uses
ways to make content accessible
4…
32. Getting Started
Reading Text with NVDA
Command Description
NVDA +↓ Read all from the current position
Ctrl Stop reading
NVDA +↑ Read current line
Ctrl + ← / → Read previous / next word
Ctrl + ↑ / ↓ Read previous / next paragraph
↑ / ↓ Read previous / next line
← / → Read previous / next character
37. Getting Started
General Navigation with NVDA
Quick Keys Description
H Navigate through headings
D Navigate through landmarks
1-6 Navigate through headings level 1 to 6
F Navigate through forms
T Navigate through tables
B Navigate through buttons
L Navigate through lists
I Navigate through list items
G Navigate through graphics
K Navigate through links
41. Getting Started
Test Case Template
Test Case Subject Test Description Step Name Step
Description
Step Expected
Results
42. Accessibility Related User Stories
Text Content Testing
As a user,
I need text content to be clearly exposed to my tools,
so that I can understand what the content is about and how I can use it.
43. a11yTip #1
Provide descriptive titles for web pages
http://bit.ly/1lKYkFE
2.4.2 (A) - Page Titles
Pages have descriptive,
informative and unique
page titles.
44. a11yTip #2
Identify the default language of the content
http://bit.ly/1lKWPaG
3.1.1 (A) - Default Language
The language of the page
is identified using the
HTML lang attribute.
45. Accessibility Test Cases
Page Titles Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. Set focus to the top of the page
4. Hit the NVDA+T key combination
5. Listen to the information conveyed
Expected Results
NVDA announces a meaningful page title that
clearly identifies and represents the content
of the page.
46. Accessibility Test Cases
Default Language Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
47. 1. Exercise files: http://bit.ly/1VrVgCA
2. Test case template: http://bit.ly/1LnsAG4
3. Turn NVDA on! (Windows key + R » type NVDA)
56. Photo Credits
All rights belong to their respective owners.
http://i.huffpost.com/gen/1760949/thumbs/o-BALANCE-SCALE-facebook.jpg
http://foto-ruta.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/FR_step5.jpg
http://www.bodybiz.nl/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/5redenenen.jpg
http://www.vibrantnation.com/wp-content/uploads/blah-blah.jpg
http://centerfordentalimplants.info/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/incredulous1.jpg
http://payload61.cargocollective.com/1/0/12581/3537536/ready_play_ID_860.jpg
http://kpumc.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Angry-Woman.jpg
http://hemlocktime.files.wordpress.com/2014/03/4084963522_f50fc5ed37_b.jpg
http://imanageproducts.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Agile-pic-3.jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Bq5y-56IYAAAmkI.jpg:large
http://rabota5.ru/photo/zarabotat-na-shkolnyh-sochineniyah-3454.jpg
57. Accessibility Related User Stories
Document Structure Testing
As a user,
I need to be able to make sense of how the page is organized,
so that I can efficiently determine the document outline and what the
different sections of the page are.
58. a11yTip #3
Organize content using hierarchically nested headings
http://bit.ly/1ia4Gc6
1.3.1 (A) – Section Headings
Content is hierarchically
structured using heading
elements.
59. a11yTip #4
Use landmark roles to define page regions
http://bit.ly/1ryGRRx
1.3.1 (A) - Page Regions
WAI-ARIA landmarks are
used to identify various
sections of the page.
60. Accessibility Test Cases
Section Headings Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
61. Accessibility Test Cases
Page Regions Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
62. Accessibility Related User Stories
Navigation Testing
As a user,
I need all navigation mechanisms provided in a page to be
marked up in a way that is compatible with the tools I use,
so that I can easily and efficiently navigate through content.
63. a11yTip #5
Organize content in a sequential reading order that remains logical
http://bit.ly/1rPdEkF
1.3.2 (A) - Reading Order
The reading and navigation
order (determined by code
order) is logical and
intuitive.
64. a11yTip #6
Provide links that meaningfully describe their purpose
http://bit.ly/1mJNDCm
2.4.4 (A) - Link Purpose
The purpose of each link
can be determined from
the link text alone, or
from the link text and
its context.
65. Accessibility Test Cases
Reading Order Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
66. Accessibility Test Cases
Link Purpose Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
67. Accessibility Related User Stories
Images Testing
As a user,
I want every significant image displayed in the
page to be efficiently described in text,
so that I don't miss out on any important information or instructions.
68. a11yTip #7
Provide alt attributes for active images
http://bit.ly/1q0OVOJ
1.1.1 (A) - Informative Images
Informative images have
descriptive equivalent text
serving the same purpose
and presenting the same
information as the image.
69. a11yTip #8
Make decorative images invisible to assistive technologies
http://bit.ly/1fGdj3A
1.1.1 (A) - Decorative Images
Images that do not convey
content, are decorative, or
with content that is already
conveyed in text are given
null alternative text.
70. Accessibility Test Cases
Informative Images Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
71. Accessibility Test Cases
Decorative Images Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
72. Accessibility Related User Stories
Keyboard Accessibility Testing
As a user,
I need to be able to take advantage of every
functionality available using only my keyboard,
so that I can use the site to its full, expected extent.
73. a11yTip #9
Ensure pages can be fully controlled without a mouse
http://bit.ly/Sknpgr
2.1.1 (A) - Keyboard Access
Page functionalities are
available using the
keyboard.
74. a11yTip #10
Place active elements in a predictable tabbing order
http://bit.ly/1bUgxPZ
2.4.3 (A) – Keyboard Focus
Active elements receive
focus in an order that follows
sequence and relationships
in the content.
75. a11yTip #11
Provide a mechanism to skip content repeated across pages
http://bit.ly/1fGcXKr
2.4.1 (A) - Bypass Blocks
A method is provided to
skip navigation and other
elements that are repeated
across pages.
76. Accessibility Test Cases
Keyboard Access Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
77. Accessibility Test Cases
Keyboard Focus Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
78. Accessibility Test Cases
Bypass Blocks Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
79. Accessibility Related User Stories
Tables Testing
As a user,
I need all information contained in tables to be
explicitly associated with corresponding header cells,
so that I can understand how the information is organized.
80. a11yTip #12
Structure tabular information using table markup
http://bit.ly/1kvnzYG
1.3.1 (A) – Data Table Markup
Header cells and data cells
are properly coded using
data table markup.
81. a11yTip #13
Associate cells in complex data tables using headers and ID attributes
http://bit.ly/1IEt8Uk
1.3.1 (A) – Data Cells Association
Data cells in complex data
tables are programmatically
associated with every
corresponding header cell.
82. Accessibility Test Cases
Data Table Markup Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
83. Accessibility Test Cases
Data Cells Association Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
84. Accessibility Related User Stories
Forms Testing
As a user,
I need form controls, labels and instructions to be clearly conveyed back to me,
so that I can efficiently use the form to interact with the site.
85. a11yTip #14
Associate text labels with form controls using the LABEL element
http://bit.ly/Vr03GH
1.3.1 (A) - Forms Association
Labels are programmatically
associated with form controls
using the LABEL element
with matching values on
the for and ID attributes.
86. a11yTip #15
Do not rely on asterisks alone to define required fields
http://bit.ly/P0kjMk
3.3.2 (A) – Required Fields
Asterisk symbols on text
labels are used, in conjunction
with aria-required attributes
set to the form controls.
87. Accessibility Test Cases
Forms Association Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…
88. Accessibility Test Cases
Required Fields Test Case
1. Turn on NVDA screen reader
2. Open the page in Firefox
3. …
4. …
5. …
6. …
7. …
Expected Results
…