Ken Bellamy of Prime Carbon explains his new theory of photosynthesis at the Carbon Farming Conference & Expo held at Orange NSW Australia on 4-5 November, 2009, the only conference of its kind in the world.

1. Photosynthesis: fixing carbon and making water Ken Bellamy

10. Plant photosynthesis summarised

15. … a quick comparison

18. Soil Enhancement and Carbon Sequestration Program

19. A message from Professor Tim Flannery: 2007 Australian of the Year and Chair of the Copenhagen Climate Council Tim Flannery: 19th May, 2008 “ Regardless of what happens to emissions in the future, there is already far too much greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Cutting emissions is not enough. Mankind now has to take greenhouse gases out of the air.” "The current burden of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere is in fact more than sufficient to cause catastrophic climate change. It's extremely urgent.“

20. 10 20 30 40 50 Years Soil Forests Clean Coal Nuclear Wind Solar The World has 10 Years to do something serious about Global Warming- STERN REPORT / NASA QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Slide courtesy of Michael Kiely Why Soil Carbon Sequestration... ...is the solution

21. What does Carbon Sequestration Mean? Soil Carbon Sequestration simply means the capture of carbon—generally from the air – and the return of this carbon back into the soil. In reality this happens continually in all sorts of ways. However, one of the most important methods is by in-soil photosynthesis.

23. About Prime Carbon We see ourselves as part of the process of Fostering Sustainable Development Business Network Clusters

25. About Prime Carbon “ Soil Enhancement and Carbon Sequestration” program This Program encourages practices which promote the process of in-soil photosynthesis. By following a contracted set of activities the landholder generates Carbon Credits called Removal Units for sale in the Voluntary Carbon Market.

26. In-Soil Photosynthesis Some Microbes photosynthesise using non-visible light There are products and processes which can be implemented to encourage this activity The results of this activity can be measured relatively easily Recycled organic matter and other recycled materials can be used to catalyse this reaction

27. What is a Removal Unit? A Removal Unit is a term used to assign a value to a metric tonne of greenhouse gas emissions removed from the air. Carbon credits including Removal Units are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide, where 1 credit = 1 tonne of CO 2 equivalent . The Prime Carbon Program forecasts that soil carbon will increase by 1% over a 2 year term and by 2 % over five years. A 1% increase equates to the removal of 15 tonnes of Carbon from the atmosphere per hectare. This equates to 55 Removal Units (55 tonnes of CO2e) per hectare.

28. About the Program The Program has been fully operational since July, 2008. Our first sale of carbon credits within Australia was completed in September 2008 and we are currently negotiating our first international sales. Currently implementing sale of options for purchase of units over the next two years. Represents a program of collective social learning – everybody is learning how to do things better

29. Linking Landholders who can with people who want to do the right thing Voluntary engagement in the process of soil improvement has benefits for everyone. Units allow buyers of farm produce -- i.e. Food -- to support sustainable activity on ground Along the way this encourages recycling of organics and adoption of renewable energy processes.

30. Phosphorus Availability: A Key Benefit

32. Obvious Benefits

33. Recycled Organics are Catalysts for Soil Improvement Products and Processes used must show benefits for increased ability to promote In-Soil photosynthesis This gives improved composts an added value Farmers are encouraged to look for such products This is a methodology for supported change.

37. Summary The legacy emissions currently in the atmosphere must be addressed. Carbon Sequestration by improved IN SOIL PHOTOSYNTHESIS provides a simple and practical solution to addressing the legacy load of CO2 while we are about addressing the impacts of Climate Change already felt.

38. Summary Everybody is TALKING ABOUT IT.... ......the world wants food, carbon neutrality, protection from climate change, money security, etc etc etc ....

39. Summary We have a Solution: Pay Our Own Landholders and Improve our own Soil

40. The New Beginning