The Code Of Ethics As Defined By The Council On...

The Code Of Ethics As Defined By The Council On...
Scenario 1: Ethical Codes Potentially Impacted The three principles from the Code of Ethics as
defined by the Council on Certification of Rehabilitation Counselors that came to mind when
reading this scenario were Beneficence, Justice and Veracity. The Code of Ethics as defined by the
Council on Certification of Rehabilitation Counselors that I feel are impacted in this particular
scenario would be outlined in section D: Professional Responsibility. D.5. Responsibility to the
Public and Other Professionals: d. Exploitation of Others: Rehabilitation Counselors do not exploit
others in their professional relationships to seek or receive unjustified personal gains, sexual favors,
unfair advantages or unearned goods or services. f. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By expressing understanding of the Superintendents concerns during the initial conversation I feel
that his frustrations were validated. While no promises were made to provide additional sponsorship
in return for job placement the meeting would accomplish the following, as the counselor I would be
able to discuss with the Superintendent the policy and criteria requirements regarding college
sponsorship for students. I would also be able to further discuss and advocate for clients to obtain
job placement within the school system. Scenario 2: Ethical Codes Potentially Impacted Ethical
codes potentially impacted: A.4 Avoiding Harm and Avoiding Value Imposition; a. Avoiding Harm–
Rehabilitation counselors act to avoid harming clients, trainees, supervisees and research
participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable or unanticipated harm. Section K: Business
Practices; K4. Termination (2) As appropriate, rehabilitation counselors refer clients to other
qualified professional to address issues unresolved at the time of termination ("Microsoft Word –
CRCCodeOfEthics – CRCCodeOfEthics.pdf," n.d.). Two Potential Courses of Action One course of
action would be to do nothing. Continue working with the client as if you were not aware of the fact
that he had relapsed. The second course of action would be to schedule a meeting with the client and
assess the situation. Course of Action I believe that the second course of action would be the most
appropriate. I would
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Stroke Rehabilitation
Currently the design consists of different components from multiplying sources. The fingers are
connected with rubber rings, ropes. Gripper motors are attached to the finger to decrease the friction.
But these connections may become loose or unstable after the frequent hand movement. The rope is
left outside of the glove at present. If there is a twist between different ropes, errors will occur
during the control of the finger movement. We found the tubing near the two ends of the air muscle
have more possibility to explode. The reason is both tubing and Sleeving have an irregular shape
near the clamps and more friction happens in these areas. Also the contraction percentages of the
muscles are only 75%, but the real muscles have contractions ... Show more content on
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[] Since previous studies have not determined the incidence rate of stroke rehabilitation, the
accumulated data are far more enough to predict that stroke in India is at the danger zone. It is very
much important to develop a common registry for stroke in various parts of the country to define the
risk factors and rehabilitation benefits [] Besides the working of the system, increasing the functions
and stability of the hand rehabilitation device is very essential, and a virtual environment could be
developed to increase the interactivity of the stroke patient and the rehabilitation device. It can also
increase the confidence to improve for the patient and increase the rehabilitation efficiency potency.
The post work would include the integration of simple, passive exercise machine with the respective
benefits of resistance and kinetic exercise. Actuator facilitates bidirectional, concentric exercise that
naturally scales to accommodate users of varying strength with the help of hand to hand flexible
position sensors. Strength–proportional resistance emulates the response of kinetic exercise to work
the muscles at their maximum capacity throughout the range of motion. The model is based on the
force–velocity response of the actuator. The intersection of the controller unit and the actuator favors
various movements like adduction/abduction, pronation/supination, and flexion/extension of
shoulder, elbow and

Cognitive Rehabilitation
Attention is the cognitive function which mediates all the other cognitive domains. If an individual
has impaired attention capacity, the performance on other cognitive tasks is likely to get affected. In
a recent study (20) it is stated that mild AD cases have poor selective attention which is likely to get
improved through cognitive rehabilitation, thereby boosting the process of learning and the quality
of daily life among these patients. The main aim of the study was to review the effectiveness of the
cognitive rehabilitation on selective attention of people with moderate cognitive impairment (early
AD). It was a quasi–experimental study with pre/post testing. The study comprised of 40 patients,
randomly divided into experimental and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This trial comprised of 480 people with early–stage AD, each with a caregiver, who were
randomized to receive either treatment as usual or cognitive rehabilitation (10 therapy sessions over
3 months, followed by 4 maintenance sessions over 6 months). Cognitive outcomes were reported in
the domains of memory (Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test), language (verbal fluency), attention
(Map Search, Elevator Counting, Elevator Counting With Distraction) and perceived memory
functioning (Memory Awareness Rating Scale, self– and caregiver–rated). Non–cognitive outcomes
were reported in the domains of goal performance and satisfaction (Canadian Occupational
Performance Measure), functional abilities (Independent Living Scale Health and Safety subset),
mood, and quality of life (Quality of Life in Alzheimer's disease, self and caregiver–rated). Results
showed that the effect sizes (Cohen's d) for the CR group compared to the control group improved
in all the three outcome measures [cognition (0.76), quality of life (0.24), and mood (0.26)]
compared to th control group. Thus, the authors concluded that cognitive rehabilitation does not
only have short term

Department Of Youth Rehabilitation Services
The Department of Youth Rehabilitation Services is what we decided to do our project on. It appeals
to us because we can easily see ourselves working with this organization at various points in our
careers. To begin with we wanted to give a description of the history of the organization as well as
its purpose as an overview to understand its uses.
The Department of Youth Rehabilitation Services has a relatively short history but it is a very
impactful one. The department is headed by Clinton Lacey. The Department of Youth Rehabilitation
Services was founded in 2004 in the District of Columbia and was made to be a cabinet–level
agency for the districts juvenile justice system. This means that it is a board that reports to a
president. Before ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After Schiraldi led the Department of Youth Rehabilitation Services through its first several years he
helped lower the runaway status of supervised youth from 26 percent down to seven percent.
Through his tenure the homicide rate among supervised youth also fell quite considerably. One of
the most remarkable changes was the fact that the recidivism rate for youth under the Department of
Youth Rehabilitation Services care decreased by 47 percent.
Today DYRS has a fully comprehensive and functional website. It has easy access to links that
include Community–based treatment, DC YouthLink Services, New Beginings Youth Development
Center, Youth Services Center, DYRS Case Management, as well as a variety of other resources that
can be helpful to any youth in need.
One of the largest contribution that the Department of Youth Rehabilitation Services today is Family
Empowerment and its Grant Program Incentives to help the familys of at– risk or troubled youth
work to combat possibilities of negative behavior. They also work to bring families in as a primary
support system of a child who has already made mistakes so that they can turn their lives

Criminal Rehabilitation
Prison is just a place where criminals get a good spanking and endless lectures on behavior until
they can learn how to be righteous. In colonial America, criminals were treated in much the same
way as they were in England at that time, with punishments ranging from lashings, confinement in
stocks, and public brandings for minor offenses to hanging for more serious crimes–including theft
(Wright, 2007). Many people are surprised to learn that the use of prisons as a form of punishment
and rehabilitation was an American innovation (Farabee, 2005). On average, incarceration costs
about $22,000 per year: to lock someone away for ten years costs, on average, about $220, 000; a
shorter sentence with emphasis on re–education and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Rehabilitation for the benefit of communities Rehabilitation is often characterized as a "liberal idea"
because it endorses "going easy" on offenders, and yet the public supports it; Americans favor a
balanced approach, one that exacts a measure of justice, protects the public against serious
offenders, and makes every effort to change offenders while they are within the grasp of the state
(Fleisher, 1995; Irwin, 1970). State–obligated rehabilitation is based on the rights that offenders
share with other citizens even after they have offended; communitarian approaches to rehabilitation
recognize that offenders mostly belong to communities, and that their memberships and affiliations
need to continue, or to be repaired, if they are to be reintegrated into normal membership of
communities (Garland, 2001). Such approaches are associated particularly with advocates of
restorative justice who believe that re–integrative processes can help offenders to atone for or make
reparation for their offenses at the same time as helping offenders and victims to acknowledge the
wrong and to learn something of each other (Braithwaite, 1989). A related approach to rehabilitation
is also emerging, known as a 'strengths–based' approach which justifies rehabilitation on the basis of
the contribution the rehabilitated offender can make to the community, and the community's need
for this contribution; 'strengths–based and restorative approaches ask not what a person's deficits

The Theory Of Psychosocial Rehabilitation Essay
Psychosocial rehabilitation has its theoretical roots in evolving a failed effort, by the mental health
system, to help mentally ill patients in coping with the psychosocial devastation brought on by
severe mental illness and behavioural problems (Correctional Services Canada, 2013). The
traditional methods of treatment viewed recovery as a process of curing an illness, usually with
medication, but recovery does not subsequently occur once their illness is "treated" (CSC, 2013).
This traditional method was ineffective because their recovery was halted by limited support and
skills and 'abnormal' behaviours learned in institutions (CSC, 2013). These deficits resulted in
chronic impairments and maladaptive social functioning (CSC, 2013). These individuals were
unable to fulfill normal social roles and successfully live independently in the community (CSC,
2013). The PSR approach to recovery incorporates more than just eliminating the signs and
symptoms of the illness, is based on understanding the patients voice and experiences and
encouraging participation and self–determination in treatment (CSC, 2013). This approach
recognises the care values such as hope, empowerment, and determination are essential to recovery
(CSC, 2013). The importance of skill development and community support are also highlighted
(CSC, 2013). Psychosocial rehabilitation models the ultimate patient–centered interventions; it
effectively supplements the individual's recovery. Recovery is deeply

Rehabilitation And Treatment Of Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation, what is rehabilitation? Rehabilitation is the action of restoring someone to a normal
life through training and therapy after incarcerated, addiction or illness. Rehabilitation can be used
for an offender who has committed a crime and is incarcerated, someone who is struggling with
addiction or illness. Rehabilitation was originated in 1779 by the British Government as part of the
Penitentiary Act, rehabilitation would consist of punishment along with treatment for the offenders.
(Benjamin Disraeli 2004). The purpose of rehabilitation is to treat the offender in order for the
offender to return to society and be able to contribute, rehabilitation is also a punishment for
breaking a law. Parole and mandatory release, what is the difference between the two. Parole is the
release of an inmate before the inmate's completion of their sentence, usually parole is given to an
inmate that is a model inmate and has shown change and rehabilitation. The inmate is release on the
terms that they will continue with positive, good behavior and will be a positive influence on
society. Mandatory release is the release of an inmate due to the completion of the inmate's sentence.
An inmate must be released even if the inmate's behavior has not changed or if the inmate has not
been rehabilitated. The inmates completed the sentence given by the courts and must be released.
Courts use probation as a form of punishment or sentencing. An offender who has

Rehabilitation After Stroke Rehabilitation
Strokes are a prevalent occurrence. Every year, nearly 800,000 people have a stroke ("The Internet
Stroke Center," n.d.). Its ramifications can be disastrous ranging from impairment, disability, to even
death. Rehabilitation after suffering from a stroke is necessary to have a successful recovery. The
current protocol for stroke rehabilitation begins during the initial hospital admittance. The therapy is
then transferred to an inpatient or outpatient rehabilitation center. This decision is made considering
the severity of the stroke and the patient's accessibility to a clinic. Stroke rehabilitation taking place
in the home, instead of an inpatient or outpatient rehabilitation center, would be an alternative for
patients to consider. An important ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of those important players is an occupational therapist. Occupational therapists often look at the
individual holistically. They understand the importance of how emotional well–being, healthy life
habits, and social connections play in recovery for patients who have suffered a stroke, as well as
addressing the continuous physical rehabilitation. Occupational therapists also focus and engage
stroke survivors, as well as their families, to lead independent healthy lives and emphasize the
importance of human connections. Occupational therapists do this by helping the patients and their
families develop coping strategies to deal with loss, promoting psychosocial health, promoting
healthy living strategies, as well as providing education for the clients to minimize any potential for
a stroke relapse. Most importantly, occupational therapists use their knowledge in activity analysis
and adaptive methods to help the individual complete necessary and meaningful life occupations,
promoting their independence ("The Role of Occupational Therapy in Stroke Rehabilitation," n.d.).
Completing this therapy in the patient's home can decrease medical expenditures as well as give a
more realistic context and environment for patient therapy to be successful and

Vocational Rehabilitation Counselor
In working as a vocational rehabilitation counselor, I am learning the importance of quality
individualizes services and how they can support people with disabilities to prepare for obtaining
employment. I have been have been participating closely with individuals that have a disability to
help them achieve greater levels of independence by assisting them to develop goals and look for
opportunities for employment. I am finding out that you have to really put a lot of effort as a
vocational counselor in gathering medical, educational and different evaluations to determine
eligibility and to help with the planning process of assisting the individual to choose the right
occupation for themselves. In planning for a consumer to reach their

Executive Rehabilitation Research Paper
Executive or luxury drug rehabilitation centers are quickly becoming one of the most popular
addiction treatment options in the nation. Although they are more expensive than traditional options,
executive rehab is one of the most effective ways to treat addiction. Their effectiveness lies in the
way they generate a luxurious atmosphere that relaxes the mind and body. That relaxation is
integrated with multiple treatment methods to create a "whole person" approach that is designed to
get people started on the path to life–long sobriety. The benefits of luxury rehabilitation include:
Quiet, Secluded and Confidential Treatment Executive drug rehabilitation centers are usually
located in an out–of–the way areas that give patients the quiet ... Show more content on
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That's why executive drug and alcohol rehabilitation centers offer 24–hour health monitoring
services during the delicate moments of recovery.
State–of–the–Art Medical Detoxification Techniques People trying to relieve themselves from
addiction by quitting cold turkey are attempting a noble feat, but one that is often physically and
emotionally dangerous. The withdrawal symptoms that come from this method are severe and
painful. Executive rehabilitation helps ease people away from addiction with carefully monitored
detoxification that clears the system of addictive substances as painlessly as possible.
Psychological Examination of Your Addiction Many people who suffered from long–term addiction
also have suffer from a form of psychological distress that helps create a never–ending feedback
loop of addiction. Executive drug and alcohol rehabilitation centers utilize a "dual diagnosis"
process, which identifies and treats the physical causes of addiction as well as the mental.
Conditions as diverse as depression, bipolar personality disorder, and even obsessive compulsive
mindsets can be diagnosed and

Choosing The Drug Rehabilitation Center
Location needs to be considered when choosing the drug rehabilitation center you want to attend.
Both of these options have multiple benefits and disadvantages that make them appropriate for more
specific situations. Educating yourself on local and out of state rehabs choose a center without
making a mistake.
Local Drug Rehabilitation Keeps You Close to Home Local rehabilitation centers won 't necessarily
be located in your hometown: they may simply be a few hours away in the same state. Many people
recovering from addiction prefer attending local centers for outpatient care, though inpatient options
are usually available. The many benefits of local drug rehabilitation include:
Access to emotionally supportive friends and family members. This closer proximity is extremely
useful for creating an important support group that may help give you the strength you need to quit
for good.
Closer proximity to school and work. If you are utilizing local outpatient rehabilitation treatment,
you can still go to school and work. As a result, your life can continue on almost like normal,
creating the kind of stable atmosphere you need for addiction recovery.
Connection to other people recovering from addiction near you. Making friendships in a local drug
rehabilitation center can help you create a support network that can help you stay sober and clean
for years.
Decreases travel costs. Being able to drive to a local rehabilitation center can help off–set some of
the costs by eliminating

Drug Rehabilitation Research Paper
The first step in recovery from any addiction is admitting that you have a problem. The second step,
and perhaps the daunting, is going into a rehab program. Anxiety over how the program will affect
your life is normal. Know that if you're at this point in your life, or if you have a friend or loved one
that is there, you and they are not alone. The fact that you are considering treatment is a major step
to wellness. Some people never opt for treatment; in fact the majority of alcohol and drug abusers
never even look for help, which is sad because addiction is highly a highly treatable illness.
How to tell if you have a drinking problem
There are many factors that define alcoholism, including genetics, environment, emotional health,
and how you were brought up. If you have a family history of ... Show more content on
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Drug rehabilitation is simply a tool used to help treat those of us with chemical dependency.
Because addiction changes lives so radically, rehab attempts to help people gain back their lives and
enter back into society in a healthy and safe way. There are dozens of different types of facilities.
Some are inpatient others treat addicts on an outpatient basis. Some are set up especially for alcohol
and some treat all types of drug addictions. Some are gender or age specific. The key is to find the
right program for you. Your therapist or physician can help you based on what they know of you and
you specific problem.
Rehab can only be effective if you are willing to make it so. It's not a magic bullet, but it certainly
offers the tools that will put you on the path to recovery. Before entering a facility you may have to
go through detoxification to get rid of the chemicals left in your body by the drug and/or alcohol. It
usually takes about a week and you'll be monitored by health care professionals the whole time.
Once you complete detox, you're ready to go into rehab where your attitude about your addiction
will be changed through various

The Pros And Cons Of Motivational Interviewing
Changing is something that someone has to want to do, if there is no motivation things will stay the
same. The first step to change is knowing and accepting the wrong that has been done and trying to
figure out a way to change. There are numerous of practices that are used to help an offender bring
their mistake to the light. These types of methods are called Evidence Based Practices and are used
to help both the offender and probation officer learn to communicate on a different level. Evidence
based practices are cognitive behavioral training, vocational education and training programs and
treatment oriented intensive supervision program. They are used to reintegrate offender s back into
the community successfully. The type of evidence based practice that I am going to talk about is
motivational interviewing, the pro and cons and if it helps the offenders learn from their mistakes
and if it is going to help in the future.
Motivational Interviewing is to me is someone using whether business or personal experiences to
relate and motivate those on probation. The biggest step in this is education first on what needs to be
hashed out. Second is what positive steps the individual should take or the officer willing to point
out in the rehabilitation process. Most importantly honesty is a must. And open door can never close
and motivation cannot be forced. Through education and field work this form or communication can
be utilized and thrive in a society. According to scholars

Myth Of Rehabilitation
On Chapter 28, The Myth That Correctional Rehabilitation Does Not Work mainly discussed about
how most of Americans would believe punishing the offender is a way of justifying what the victim
endured. We rather to balance out the harm between the offender and the victim to achieve justice is
known as retribution or simply, deserts. Over the time, politicians slowly leaned more on the "get
tough" approach which produced mixed results. However, not all criminals need to be toughened
and punished severely over a crime that is not even violent such as marijuana charges. This one of
the several reasons why the word, Rehabilitation, were brought up. According to Cullen & Jonson
2011, "rehabilitation is a planned correctional intervention that targets for change the factor known
through scientific studies to cause crime." Unlike the get tough stance, which is sending the inmate
to prison to reduce the recidivism rate, but studies showed that it does little to reduce; its goal for
rehabilitation is to reduce recidivism rate and improve other aspects of the offender's life. According
to the studies Martinson conducted in 1974/5, he discovered that "recidivism actually reduced when
there are some sort of intervention ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As well as strong effort on attempting to improve his addiction or issues. The reason why I would
hope he received quality rehabilitation is if I ever have kids in the future, I would want to ensure the
neighborhood is safe for them to walk around, play with their friends without being feeling uneasy.
However, there will be thin line on what kind of charges the offender got. If it was sex offender or a
child molester, then I will be very cautious and probably ask around to see if he received quality
rehab. If it's a drug addict that has been clean for a year or few, then I will be more lenient towards

Rehabilitation Counselor Career
A rehabilitation Counselor is focused with people who have disabilities that will want to achieve
their personal, career, and independent living natural goals through a counselor. If you want to
pursue the rehabilitation counselor career you should get your master's degree it will only take up to
about 2–3 years for this program.If you want to think like a rehabilitation counselor you have to
have compassion and empathy toward your patience show them their not alone with this. If you live
in North Carolina and are trying to find a program that includes a rehabilitation counselor course
their is one at UNC School Of Medicine, it is located in Chapel Hill North Carolina established in
1879.You can get in that school with a GPA with the averages of 3.59 if you're in the ... Show more
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Rehabilitation counselors work in either private practices, mental health facilities, community
mental health organizations. Self–employed counselors and those working in mental health and
community agencies, such as abuse and behavioral disorders counselors, often work evenings to
counsel clients who work during the day. Rehabilitation counselors work about 40hrs a week.
Things you don't want to go through but you're always going to mess up on the job so it's natural.
But a occupational risk you can have when working with your clients is while working helping them
out they go through severe pain through this process. But you really have to make sure and
communicate with the patient to see if they have something going wrong. Career outlook as a
rehabilitation counselor is about 20% faster than the average. What I found interesting about a
rehabilitation counselor is that they make about $70,000 a year with their master's degree, and it said
something about them owning their own private workplace to where the patient can go and

Advantages Of Private Prisons
Hook. Private prisons provide extra capacity for inmates to prevent or lessen the overcrowding of
government–run prisons. When incarceration rates rose too quickly for government–run prisons to
provide space for inmates, private prisons seemed to be a good solution. In addition to solving
overcrowding, privatization was adopted by many states as an attempt to save money. Companies
such as Civicorps and GEO Group––the two largest firms operating private prisons––make bids to
operate prisons in exchange for a certain amount of money, usually per inmate (Burkhardt 2;
Margulies; Markowitz). The highest–bidding company is awarded a contract and "assumes full
responsibility for managing the day–to–day operations of a prison facility: hiring ... Show more
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Almost all federal prisons have drug and alcohol abuse rehabilitation programs, "more than a fourth
of all private prisons do not provide inmates with alcohol and drug dependency, counseling, and
awareness programs" (Rees–Jones 2). Accordingly, there is excessive space for corruption driven by
profit, risking the wellbeing of general society.
One of the reasons the government turned to privatization was the prospect of saving money.
However, in 2011 a study of Arizona prisons found that "inmates in private prisons can cost as much
as $1,600 more per year, while many inmates cost about the same as they do in state–run prisons"
(Oppel 1). The Bureau of Prisons concluded that in California the 11 low–security federal prisons
operated by private companies save, on average, 17 dollars per day per prisoner. Therefore, those 11
facilities cost taxpayers 144 million dollars less annually" (Feliciano 2). Some private prisons do
save more money, but they do that by sacrificing things that may not be worth it in the end. A 2016
study by the Brookings Institution found "[that] those savings are achieved primarily by hiring
fewer correctional officers and paying them less"(Feliciano 3).
Privately run federal prisons suffer from safety and security issues far more than their publicly run
counterparts, according to a report released by the Department of

Clinical Experience Essay
Clinical Experience: Effectiveness of the DWI Education Program The article I chose fits with my
clinical experience because it discusses the effectiveness of several interventions, including the
implementation of ignition interlock devices and educational classes. I attended three classes at DUI
School, so it was essential for me to find an article that examines an educational approach to help
those who have been convicted of driving while intoxicated. Since some of the students who took
classes at DUI School were required to install ignition interlock devices in their vehicles, having
information about the effectiveness of ignition interlock devices was a plus. I felt confident that DUI
School would prevent people from becoming repeat ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Miller et al. performed a methodical review of studies that presented the effectiveness of five DUI
interventions: ignition interlock, education, victim impact panels, intensive supervision programs,
and DUI courts (2014). To decide which papers to include, Miller et al. produced criteria that needed
to be followed: "(i) the paper specifically discussed the evaluation of a DUI intervention for first–
time or repeat drink driving offenders; (ii) the paper was peer reviewed; (iii) the full text was
accessible; (iv) the outcome measure was based on recidivism or re–arrest; and (v) the paper had
been published after the Wells–Parker et. al. meta–analysis" (2014). To find literature, the authors
conducted searches via "EBSCO databases, EMBASE, PubMed, ProQuest, Sociological Abstracts
and Transport Research Information Services" (Miller et al., 2014). Overall, 42 articles were
included; "the average sample size of the studies was 14,469 with the smallest study containing 63
participants and the largest comprising 204,182" (Miller et al., 2014). The studies were completed in
the United States, Canada, Sweden, and Australia. Most of the studies utilized a quasi–experimental
design, while other studies followed an experimental design, retrospective design, and randomized
control trials. There were follow–ups that "ranged from immediately post–intervention through

Rehabilitation Robotics
Introduction At the Rehabilitation Robotics & Prosthetics Testbed, one sector of the building is
dedicated entirely to capturing the motion of different tasks in real time and in three dimensional
representation. Using a Vicon visual system comprised of eight spatially separated infrared cameras,
motions such as dance, walking, pitching, swinging, and other physically distinct movements have
been captured in three dimensional data. With this 3D data, distinctions can be ascertained between
expected and actual movement data, and efforts can be collaborated by CARRT to better address the
needs of their subjects in order to achieve a desired movement potential. By examining the
compensatory movements that are present during dynamic motion of an individual with an upper or
lower limb prosthesis, advances can be made in the design or selection of current prosthetic models.
Examples of such improvements in the field of rehabilitative ... Show more content on
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Human Factors is about how humans interact to the different components of a system. In the field of
robotic rehabilitation and prosthetic the system is possibly attached the the person opposed to
external, in almost all other cases. There are numerous factors and components that have to be taken
into account before the creation of a new prosthetic or rehabilitation device can begin. The approach
that is taken today is mainly how to improve current prosthetic and robot use in the rehabilitation
process for humans, the person that will be using the equipment does not really become a factor
until the end of the process. Robotics and prosthetics should adjust to the person not the other way
around. If the prosthetic and robotic rehabilitation process focused on the human person as much as
they do creating and making innovative machines the whole process might go

The Effects Of Employment Status At 2 Years ' Post...
"Predicting Employment Status at 2 Years' Post–discharge From Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation"
is a research article written by Gregory C. Murphy, James Middleton, Ruth Quirk, Annelies De
Wolf, and Ian D. Cameron published by Rehabilitation Psychology. This essay summarizes the
investigation on the prediction of employment status at 2 years' post discharge from spinal cord
injury rehabilitation by analyzing information in order to establish facts and reach a result. It
explains how the information from this research article can be applied to the rehabilitation
counseling professional, and it identifies points discussed in class as it relates to the research article.
Article Review
This research article sets out to examine the after– ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The ages of the seventy– two participant ranged from 35–14, 58 males and 14 females. Lesion level
or Level of injury were: 42 Tetraplegia or quadriplegia and 30 Paraplegia or impairment in motor or
sensory function of the lower extremities. ASIA grade is a scale used to measure the level of
impairment as shown in Table 1: 41 ASIAA, 6 ASIA B, 7 ASIA C, 18 ASIA D, and education: 32
Elementary or incomplete high school, 11 High School, 12 University/ college (Incomplete), and 17
University/ college (completed). The procedure used to collect information for the research study is
a survey and the techniques used were interview and questionnaire. An interview is when questions
are posed to an individual to obtain information (What Is Survey Research? – Definition, Methods
& Types, n.d.). A questionnaire is a series of written questions a participant answers (What Is Survey
Research? – Definition, Methods & Types, n.d.). Follow– up questionnaires were administered to
participant face– to– face and participants who were living long distance were interviewed by
telephone.
Table 1
The ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) impairment scale
Category Definition
A = Complete No motor or sensory function is preserved in the sacral segments S4–S5
B = Incomplete Sensory but not motor function is preserved below the neurological level and
includes the sacral segments S4–S5
C = Incomplete Motor function is preserved below the neurological level,

Rehabilitation Essay
Proper rehabilitation is essential to the individual growth and development of the incarcerated, as it
provides the basic foundation of a healthy individual. Each rehabilitation program needs to have
different categories built specifically for each inmate to ensure that chance of the program and
inmate's success. Firstly, drug and alcohol rehabilitations are vital to any addict including those in
the prison systems. Without the help necessary, inmates will continue to make destructive choices by
returning back to their normal ways in the abuse of these substances. Secondly, educational
rehabilitation needs to be a necessity in prisons as it drastically increases not only a prisoner's well
being, but also that of their families. Finally, all ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The purpose of psychology is to observe, control and predict behaviors. By observing and working
with inmates, psychologists have the abilities to not only diagnose and treat psychological disorders,
but they are also able to help a troubled person learn more about themselves, the reasoning behind
their actions, as well as how to control and prevent themselves from making harmful decisions
again. One in four persons suffers from a personality or psychological disorder and current statistics
show that 73 percent of women and 55 percent of men in state penitentiaries have some sort of
psychological disorder. This is incredibly problematic as psychological disorders have the abilities
to control one's life and by influencing their decisions in a negative way. Currently, only one in six,
or 16 percent of inmates who have a known mental health problem have received treatment since
admission. This statistic does not represent those with undiagnosed mental illnesses, implying that
the incarceration systems are not putting their best efforts into the mental well–being of their
inmates. Mental health is vital to every person, as actions and choices are influenced by their
psychological health. Those with undiagnosed or untreated bipolar disorder may commit a crime
that they did not intend to do. If treated, this person is more likely to enter back into society
controlled and stable enough to be a functioning member of society. By receiving proper
psychological rehabilitation, prisoners are more likely to be able to grow and prosper in society
rather than dwindle back down the path they previously

Summary OfBring Back Flogging By Jeff Jacoby
Flogging in Modern Society In "Bring Back Flogging," Jeff Jacoby made unique, interesting
arguments about the ways to punish criminals. Jacoby describes how the Puritans punished
criminals in demeaning manners, which was quite interesting to me since I do not know much about
Puritans. I could see that their punishment by opening criminals to public could force criminals to be
humiliated and be done instantly. However, I do not see any reasoning, which should explain the
reason why the Puritan ways could work better in our modern society than imprisonment, in his
description.
Jacoby's main argument is that some of imprisonment sentences can be replaced to more
inexpensive ways, corporal punishments like a public whipping, since giving imprisonment sentence
to petty offenders is not efficient due to its costs. He refers to Puritan's time so that he can let readers
imagine how their punishments were done instantly and did not require costs to keep inmates in
prison. However, even though he presents specific numerical information to show that the criminal
justice system is not only ineffective but also expensive, I still stay skeptical of his idea since he
significantly lacks the explanation why Puritan's ways are better in a qualitative manner and
assumption of the different backgrounds between now and past. First, Jacoby emphasizes the present
number of criminals to state that the criminal justice system has not been working well. "Some 1.6
million Americans are behind bars

Rehabilitation Vs Rehabilitation
You have a seven times more chance of going to prison in the United States than in all other
countries, and an almost 80 percent chance of staying there. About three–quarters of inmates
released from state prisons are rearrested within five years of their release, and 55 percent of them
incarcerated. (R) With one of the highest National recidivism rates, the United States has produced a
country where the phrase, "Once a criminal, always a criminal" has quickly become a reality for
most convicts. The implementation issues of Rehabilitation programs and the defective tools used to
determine the risks of recidivism has caused an outbreak in reoffenders. With the rate of recidivism
at 76.6% the U.S. is one of the top highest of all countries.(R) ... Show more content on
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Krauss. He found that the Criminal History category, a measurement based on the Federal
Sentencing Guidelines (a formalistic procedure) has been more accurate in predicting recidivism
than departure decisions imposed by federal judges. The Criminal History category performed
poorly in predicting recidivism for this offender population, and that judicial departures not only
failed to improve but actually worsened recidivism predictions.(KR) Though all evidence suggests
that these tools are not very accurate some method for assessing risk is required and risk assessment
tools, even if limited is the best option

Psychiatric Disabilities: The Role of the Rehabilitation...
Psychiatric Disabilities: The Role of the Rehabilitation Counselor
A rehabilitation counselor is the central coordinator of setting up services and the client's goals.
They help develop and enhance the client's skills to secure independence, employment and function
in the community (Garske, 2003). In order to be able to rehabilitate the client and set up obtainable
goals and a treatment plan, the rehabilitation counselor must first understand ADA, the client's
functional limitations, challenges and obstacles they are facing, along with barriers that may pose a
threat to the success of the client. Rehabilitation counselors also set up a support network the client
can reach out to and utilize, as well as resources and accommodations ... Show more content on
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95). The 1992 amendments were set into place to improve these numbers. However, over a decade
has gone by and there are still barriers that have not been broken down. Many employers will not
employ someone with a psychiatric disability thus resulting in "underemployment of the
subpopulation with only one third of individuals being competitively employed at one time" (Schutt
& Hursh, 2009, p.53–54). Job retention has also become a growing concern because meaningful
employment has been difficult to quantify. In addition to the majority of the psychiatric disability
population being unemployed, those that are employed "work entry–level job positions with low pay
and little chance of advancement leading to limited opportunities for improvement in the quality of
their lives" (Ackerman & McReynolds, 2005, p. 36). "Job retention is an important psychosocial
goal, which is not often achieved" (Schutt et al., 2009, p.53). "The main reason individuals with
psychiatric disabilities leave jobs is due to interpersonal and personal problems more than quality of
work" (MacDonald–Wilson, Rogers, & Massaro, 2003, p.16). It was also found that most had "poor
motivation or job responsibility" (Rimmerman, Botuck, & Levy, 1995, p. 41).
Job Placement
Another growing concern is job placement and according to Rimmerman et al. (1995) individuals
with a

Rehabilitation Programs
Rehabilitation: Does it Work?
The idea that more effort should be made to reform offenders is a theme that that been persistent
throughout the history of American corrections. Rehabilitative ideals have helped lead the way in
the renovation of the correctional system. Implementations of intermediate sentencing, parole,
probation, and a separate juvenile justice system were all part of the process. While the
rehabilitation process seems like the perfect plan to transform the incarcerated, can prisoners truly
be rehabilitated, or should punishment merely be retributive in nature? Looking at Robert Matinson
's theories in What Works? Questions and Answers About Prison Reform while comparing it to other
scholars with help to answer this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, there is discussion over theoretical issues– most importantly, the assumptions and propositions
behind rehabilitation. Second, there remains considerable controversy over program–oriented
matters surrounding the ways in which rehabilitation is designed, implemented, and evaluated"
(Welch, 2011). Although it is a subject that has caused much debate, many feel that rehabilitation
should be available to all those who are in need of it. Rehabilitation of prisoners should be a matter
of high importance in the sentencing when it comes to imprisonment. Prisons which are established
to keep the prisoners during the sentencing period should have an appropriate mechanism to
rehabilitate them with an effective system. Experts have even argued that offenders can actually
change for the better and become a contributing member of society in a positive way.
With that being said, the rehabilitation processes has been tested for effectiveness on many levels.
One of the most dominant methods used for this testing the process is the examination of program
evaluation reports. Many of the reports showed that it was not the program that was flawed; it was
actually the evaluation research. "Indeed, buried deep in Martinson 's (1974) article was his
exposure of the regrettable fact that many researchers had failed to follow rigorous scientific
procedures while evaluating these programs" (Welch, 2011). The three outcomes include the
program being seen as

Evaluation Of Mercy Rehabilitation, Tiffin Ohio
Evaluation of Mercy Rehabilitation, Tiffin Ohio
Imagine a four year old child, whose physicians believed would never walk or talk, walking into a
rehabilitation center unaided for the very first time. With wide smiles and tear filled eyes, therapists
and staff stop to stare with awe and pride, because they have watched this small girl struggle to
accomplish this milestone for years. Unfortunately, this outcome may not be typical; however this
has happened at Mercy Rehabilitation. Here dedicated therapists work to give patients the skills
needed to return to living life as they were able before an accident or injury, and help children living
with special needs reach their full potential. To patients seeking rehabilitation services, ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These and other services are provided to adults and children. Since Mercy Rehabilitation employees
many excellent therapists, there is limited need for improvement in this area. The therapists are
generally very knowledgeable within their field of expertise, and work well together to develop a
unique approach to patient care. For example, an Occupational Therapist also works closely with a
Speech Therapist in the instance of teaching a child to use an assistive communication device to best
determine placement of the device, or whether the child may need any splinting of the hands to put
their hands into a more functional position. Most therapists here listen to patients' concerns on
specific issues they want addressed during therapy sessions. For instance, when a child receiving
speech therapy struggles with a specific word, that when spoken sounds inappropriate, a therapist
addresses the situation promptly and professionally. Since therapists here communicate well with
patients and parents, patients and their families gain an understanding of the goals the therapists are
working toward. When developing a plan of care therapists consider parents goals for their children.
Also therapists assign their patients homework to work on before their next appointment. Therapists
working with

Rehabilitation and Recidivism
Unit 4 Project
Larinda K. Kimbrell
Kaplan University
CJ499–01P: Bachelors Capstone in Criminal Justice (P)
Barbara Mitchell
June 16, 2010
Abstract
Over many years there has been great debate about whether rehabilitation reduces the rate of
recidivism in criminal offenders. There has been great controversy over whether anything works to
reduce recidivism and great hope that rehabilitation would offer a reduction in those rates. In this
paper I will introduce information and views on the reality of whether rehabilitation does indeed
reduce recidivism. Proposed is a quasi–experiment, using a group of offenders that received
rehabilitation services and an ex post facto group that did not? I intend to prove that rehabilitation
services do ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cullen & Gendreau (2000). Cullen and Gendreau (2000). give us some history on the
restorative incarceration. The original theory of restorative justice was based on simple human
behavior regulated by incentive instead of punishment, which instituted the concept of parole as a
means of reward for a prisoner for rehabilitation. Further studies in criminology proved that this idea
was too simplistic and married it to the positivist theory of criminology and instituted individual
assessment and treatment for each prisoner based on their specific needs for reformation.
As Rothman (1980) and many others have pointed out, this ideal system was never implemented as
intended. Although the contours of the correctional system changed–the juvenile court,
indeterminate sentencing, probation, parole, and discretion became integral features of this system–
the resources and knowledge needed to provide effective treatment to offenders were in short
supply. Cullen and Gendreau (2000).
Cullen and Gendreau compare and contrast the many studies on this subject, the meta–analyses
conclusions, their strengths, weaknesses, inconsistencies, and the trends that follow the studies of
the time. They offer their insight on effective corrections and individualizing treatments based on
predictors for crime and behavioral knowledge, as well as conclude that recidivism is reduced by
rehabilitation.
Solution
Cullen and Gendreau (2000). conclude that although rehabilitation

Rehabilitation
Every day social media and news outlets bombard you with the details of individuals being arrested
for alcohol or drug related incidents. Without knowing the individuals or their circumstances,
images from the movies or television provide you with the idea of the person. Your immediate
reaction, send them to jail.
Now consider this image, an individual who has been working long hard hours, begins drinking to
relieve the anxieties of the job. He has home, family, friends, a degree, and investments for the
future. Starting on weekends, he drinks to relieve old memories of fun college times. During the
week, he stops by for local happy hours specials. He does not realize the effects of alcohol on his
mind and body. He is slowly becoming an addict. How is jail going to help him?
On a daily basis, people enter correctional facilities for a variety ... Show more content on
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The steps to recovery are not the easy way out But the outcome provides the individual with coping
mechanisms and support for the addiction.
Without Treatment
When jail replaces treatment, the individual does not receive the necessary medical treatment to help
combat the disease. The addict will continue using, allowing for impair judgment to make decisions.
An individual may begin to experiment with other forms of drugs as a means to coping with daily
life. Criminal behavior may follow. Eventually, the person will be back in front of a judge with
another arrest for a treatable addiction.
Rehabilitation is the best option for stopping the addiction/criminal offender cycle. Repeat offenders
waste time and money with court hearings and incarcerations. Providing individuals with resources
to end the addiction process is the better choice. Often people just need help.
If you are currently facing criminal charges due to drugs or alcohol, schedule a free consultation
with Thiessen Law

The Repeat Offenders Project
The Repeat Offenders project is one that presents some concepts as pertains repeat offending. This
project, as earlier defined, was created with an aim of reducing the rates of recidivism. In it, unique
mechanisms of dealing with this problem have been presented through some of the mechanisms
presented already been implemented either fully or partially in different nations. Despite the
similarities that may exist between the concepts presented in this project with those implemented in
other nations, these are presented in a manner that gives them some uniqueness since the approach
in their implementation is one of its own kind. This paper serves to compile all the concepts which
have been presented so far under this project, citing the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Governments have over the years been forced to spend massive funds in arresting and detaining
criminals who relapse back to the crime the moment they are released. Research according to (BJS,
2014), has proven that within a period of five years, three out of four malefactors who initially were
punished for crimes relapse back to similar or different criminal activities. Many nations have
already put in place mechanisms to counter this problem in vain. It is for this reason that this unique
project has been presented and needs to be handled with the importance and urgency that it deserves.
The background of this project is based on an in–depth analysis of repeat offending. This entails the
factors responsible or contributing to recidivism. Research has proven that most of the repeat
malefactors are the kids who were exposed to violence at a very early age, those who did not attain
very high levels of education, those who have got minor to serious psychological problems, the
unemployed who have some low level education as well as those involved in the abuse of hard
drugs. Effectively dealing with this problem thus lies in dealing with these issues. Arresting
criminals and subjecting them to the greatest of punishments has not seemed to work so far because
after the punishment, for as long as the underlying factors remain constant, one will always forget
the consequences of crime and relapse back to it if an

Rehabilitation Center
Choosing a great drug rehabilitation center is one of the most important decisions anyone can ever
make in their lives. Proper rehab can mean the difference between long–term recovery and give up,
so it is extremely important that patients understand what to look for when shopping for a treatment
plan. When deciding on a medical rehabilitation center, there are a few things to consider: Always
check the center's licensing and accreditation first. A quality repair center should be recognized in
the state in which it operates. Be suspicious at centers that do not or who are not easy to provide
current license and accreditation information. If they can not meet their state home accreditation
criteria, it should not be considered. Always check to see who is driving the drug rehabilitation
center. An accredited center should be run by trained doctors, psychiatrists, and professional
specialists. Do not decide anything less than a person who is properly trained on how to handle the
physical and mental effects of detoxification and drugs. It can be futile and dangerous. Check which
types of treatment plans are available. No two cases are the same, and not all rehabilitation programs
are created equally. The best rehabilitation centers will offer a range of programs based on their
patient needs – from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They will be able to point you in the right direction when it comes to efficient, well accredited and
licensed facilities in your country and may provide you with a referral for insurance goals. Check
out independent organizations like the Better Business Bureau. The effectiveness of a drug rehab
center is not just the standard to look at; It is also important to see what kind of complaints the
previous patients and their families may have. The Better Business Bureau may provide some
insights into these complaints and help potential patients decide whether a treatment center will
really meet their

Punishment Vs. Rehabilitation And Rehabilitation
Punishment vs Rehabilitation
Punishment and rehabilitation are topics of many debates, especially when it comes to the
effectiveness of them both but when these two dynamics work collectively they will be helpful in
controlling crime. Punishment and rehabilitation is expected for those that have elected to disobey
the law; these are only two of the four recognized objectives with in the criminal justice system, the
others include deterrence and incapacitation. Punishing offenders and then subsequently involving
rehabilitation in the course of community supervision can be the foundation to help prevent crime.
Of course, the punishment and re–integration stage should be rooted on the character of the offense.
When the proper sentence is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is significant variability in the outcome connected with the type of treatment, for example,
how well it is put into action, and the personality of the wrongdoer to whom it is applied. Programs
used to re–establish offenders to lessen recidivism are effective if they include proven standards and
are aimed to the detailed needs of the offenders; this type of rehabilitation treatments are time and
again positive and reasonably significant. The specific sources of that variability have not been well
explored, but some principles for effective treatment have emerged (Cullen & Lipsey, 2007).
Offenders who gain their high school equivalency diploma while incarcerated are prone to get a job
after release, researchers reveal. In addition, those who go through vocational training are highly
probable to get jobs with better wages and offenders that went through any drug treatment program
during incarceration are less probable to go back to using drugs outside of confinement. When
effective programs are implemented, offenders that recidivism could be reduced by 15 to 20 percent
(Petersilia, 2011). This is not to express that criminology is a challenge that can always be resolved.
There is an explanation for why people go to prison and depending on the circumstances there is
incredibly little or nothing can be done to alter the options

ACL Rehabilitation
Justification and Feasibility. Traditional rehabilitation regimens post ACL reconstruction will
typically span over a 9–12 month period (39–52 weeks) before patients achieve full ROM and fulfill
the requirements that allow them to return to return to activity phase (14). Wilk suggests with
literature and evidence that after receiving autograft ACL surgery, patients can develop full strength
and functional ability within 16–24 weeks by using an accelerated approach and without damaging
or loosening the graft.
Shelbourne describes a strong correlation between postoperative accelerated rehabilitation programs
and a highly successful clinical outcome. Due to the controversies surrounding accelerated ACL
rehabilitation, and the concept of gaining ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The overall objectives that were taken under consideration included nearly all aspects in regards to
functionality of the knee (14). Many studies have placed patients recovering from ACL
reconstruction on rehab regimens with the hope to improve various aspects concerned with how well
and at what levels the knee can function. Treatment programs, accelerated or non–accelerated
commonly encompass similar exercises and physical activity such as stretching, strength training,
and activation of muscles through electrical stimulation. The intensity and general progression of
therapy is where the two significantly contrast. With the use of weight bearing exercises, or strength
training within the accelerated regimen, it has been proven to limit muscle weakness as a
consequence of immobilization after surgery. Shelbourne carried out this method of intervention
every week, 2–3 times per week, while progressively increasing weight and the degrees to which the
knee was stretched. The results were assessed using The Cybex Isokinetic Device, a

The Causes And Effects Of Recidivism
With so many studies on recidivism and rehabilitation, and so few that were considered successful,
there were aspects that made many skeptical of why these programs simply did not work. Different
researchers conducted different types of research and came up with different results. Of the 231
studies that were finalized after making it through the rigorous elimination process, some
researchers seen the net–widening process as the beginning of the entombed rehabilitation and
recidivism. Researchers did not coordinate their individual meaning of many terms, including
recidivism and rehabilitation. Whether it was for simply being arrested and charged, adding a new
charge all together, or taken into custody and being released. The diversity in the research would
become both the entombing and the rebirth on recidivism and rehabilitation. Researchers seem to
vacillate even more on the effects of recidivisms and rehabilitation "we know very little about the
recidivism effects of various degrees of security, finding out will be compounded by the probability
that these effects will vary widely according to the type of offender that we're dealing with"
(Martinson, 1974). Eliminating certain factors from the studies only skewed the results the way the
researchers wanted them to be viewed in the beginning. With each study of a successful result, there
is another with a failure result. Every program does not work on every criminal in every situation.
Having many programs can be costly,

Virtual Reality Rehabilitation : An Upper Extremity...
The experimenters, from the Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, use this study to
explain how patients who had a stroke and are experiencing an upper extremity functional deficit
can benefit from virtual reality rehabilitation. Upper extremity functional deficit can include
weakness, coordination problems, swelling, changes of muscle tone and changes in sensation.
Patients are given high intensity repetitive task specific training to help improve the deficit, and it
does work. But the patients get bored of the training and it is also hard to find the necessary
resources to even do the training. This is where the virtual reality rehabilitation comes in. Virtual
reality rehabilitation is a computer generated interactive simulation that imitates reality and provides
users with an artificial environment including sensory information similar to real world experience.
With this program patients are able to play different games to help them combat the deficit. They
also do not get bored with the rehabilitation since they can play many games. There had been studies
in the past that had looked at this form of rehabilitation and shown that it does work and help the
patients. But, the study never assessed the functional outcome or the effectiveness in a randomized
controlled experiment. Experimenters Joon–Ho Shin, Hokyoung Ryu and Seong Ho Jang from
Japan took this idea of virtual reality and expanded on it. They made two aims of their study: to
develop a task–specific

Rehabilitation Training
Rehabilitation training is effective to minimize long–term effects in memory functions, but similar
to standardized testing therapies often possess limitations. In many cases we are unaware if the
patient continues to use what he or she learned throughout training after the rehabilitation treatment
ended. One limitation is that the recovery period does not end with the rehabilitation training. Up
until now, little research exists about the long term recovery of patients with acquired brain damage.
Results of an observation show that after 2–5 years post–traumatic–brain–injury patients report
functional gains after rehabilitative therapy, but still report cognitive, behavioral, and emotional
impairments (Olver et al. 1996). Although, patients show improvement in cognitive and emotional
functions up to 10 years port–traumatic–brain–injury (Sbordone et al. 1995). Yet, researchers found
that patients who had a stroke overall improved in cognitive functions, but patients with damage to
the right side and higher consciousness at admission revealed higher improvements (Hochstenbach
et al. 2003). This shows that rehabilitation does not end with the training sessions. Another problem
similar to the diagnostic procedure is that a large amount of therapies happen in an artificial setting
and tasks are not comparable to performances outside the therapy. Just like the testing environment,
patients staying at a rehabilitation center live in a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, we also take into account that different findings may be due to different assessment
methods since some study included questionnaires of relatives and others use assessment tools.
Therefore, it is important to know how reliable are, because we cannot expect that tools that
measure different aspects of memory to correlate in a significant way with each

Section 504 Of The Rehabilitation Act Of 1973
What is Section 504?
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is a civil rights statute which prohibits an otherwise
qualified individual with a disability from being discriminated against, excluded from participation
in or denied the benefits of any program or activity that receives federal financial assistance. Section
504 is enforced by the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Civil Rights (OCR), and the
Massachusetts Bureau of Special Education Appeals
(BSEA). Students who are eligible for Section 504 Plans are provided with appropriate educational
accommodations and/or services designed to meet their individual needs to the same extent as the
needs of students without disabilities.
2– How is a student qualified under Section 504?
Eligibility for accommodation plans and/or services under Section 504 is based upon a review of
documentation from multiple sources to determine whether a student has a physical or mental
impairment which substantially limits one or more major life activities, has a record of such an
impairment or is regarded as having such an impairment. Each eligibility determination is made
based upon an individual inquiry.
3– What is a physical or mental impairment?
There is no complete list of impairments that are covered by Section 504. A sampling of physical or
mental impairments that may be considered eligible under Section 504 include:  Emotional, and
Behavioral Disorders, (e.g., anxiety, depression, personality disorder, bipolar, eating

Rehabilitation Is The Most Intensive Treatment Option For...
Rehabilitation is the most intensive treatment option for recovery. Other names are Residential
Treatment Program, inpatient substance abuse treatment, drug rehabilitation, or rehab.
Rehabilitation provides three unique characteristics to enhance the opportunity for a successful
recovery. Treatment is away from: 1. Home. 2. Access to drugs. 3. Contact with active substance
abusers. The advantages of receiving intensive treatment away from home and without access to
drugs and active drug abusers are well established. However, as with every treatment approach,
results depend on the patient's willingness to do the work to attain the goal of sustained sobriety
(http://bit.ly/2aAkN9w). Longer residence times in rehab produce better results because the longer a
person is substance free, the greater the likelihood of staying substance free (http://bit.ly/1GCHJvP).
Rehabilitation provides the most health therapeutic environment for recovery. TYPES OF
REHABILITATION PROGRAMS Rehabilitation programs come in a vast array of shapes and sizes.
No two are alike because each program has a unique philosophy as to how best to achieve recovery.
Locations There is a wide array of locations for treatment. Some programs are located in a hospital
while others are freestanding facilities solely dedicated to the treatment of substance abuse. Others
are located in urban areas where patients learn a trade or work. Still others are far from civilization
where patients may farm the land, grow their

Rehabilitative Rehabilitation
The area of rehabilitation has undergone controversial scrutiny of its effectiveness (Wilson 2013).
An analysis of many rehabilitation projects by Wilson (2013) concluded that many attempts to
rehabilitate youths, such as the Community Treatment Program (CTP) were ineffective. Wilson
(2013) stated that the capacity for rehabilitation differs greatly between individuals, and only certain
amenable individuals were responsive to rehabilitation attempts. There were often "nonamenable"
individuals who would actually commit more crime as a result of rehabilitative attempts (Wilson,
2013). Wilson (2013) also discusses the findings from the Murray–Cox Study, which looked at the
rehabilitative response of serious offender, "somewhat" serious offenders, and the non–serious
offenders. The researchers in this study came to the conclusion ... Show more content on
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These programs include the monitoring of high–risk offender by specialized police force,
rehabilitation programs with risk–focused treatments, and therapeutic community treatment.
Unfortunately, the most successful forms of rehabilitative programs are targeted towards children,
which would have been applicable when JR was first arrested for her crimes, will no longer be
effective on JR (Reiman & Leighton, 2013). The question of rehabilitation is significant, particularly
in JR's case because she has rejoined the community. For the safety of others in society, it is crucial
that we ensure that she has been rehabilitated and continues to undergo rehabilitative programs.
Wilson (2013) would agree that while punishment is necessary, so is providing past criminals with
opportunities to behave socially within society. Our society tends to focus more heavily on
punishment, but it is essential that there is a balance between punishment and opportunities (Wilson,

Public Vocational Rehabilitation
A literature review illustrates how vital job placement services have been found to be in the job
employment assistance endeavors. The review of previous studies reveals the "receipt of placement
services" to be the "strongest predictor of employment outcomes" (Fleming et al., 2014, p. 7). A
2006 study characterized job placement as "the driving force behind the vocational rehabilitation
program" (Fleming et al., 2014, p. 7). According to the researchers, the public Vocational
Rehabilitation (VR) services have attained the status of "the most important vocational programs for
persons with disabilities" (Fleming et al., 2014, p. 7). The authors cite the number of "new
applicants [registered] nationally" as 564,908, in the 2011 Fiscal Year alone, as proof of the
organization's heavy caseload of new clients (Fleming et al., 2014, p. 7). These numbers indicate
that rehabilitation services have been in high demand. Considering the importance of the vocational
programs in assisting the disabled clients who are in need of employment, the authors determined
that it was appropriate to examine the different ways these services can be rendered. The
methodology employed in this study was a modified consensual qualitative research, undertaken
through the use of semistructured interviews conducted in accordance with CQR criteria. The study
researchers selected a total of thirty–five employees from five different Rehabilitation Service
Administration regions to participate in the

The Theory Of Rehabilitating Fender Shifted Into Focus More
As the range of fields that study crime grew, the theory of rehabilitating the offender shifted into
focus more prevalently. The aim of the theory of rehabilitation is to reform the offender, that is to
say, rid them of their criminal ways. Cohen sees this task to be outside the capabilities of the justice
system. The myriad of components that lead an individual to crime whether they are economic,
psychological or otherwise, is too complex for the justice system to be able to grok fully. Cohen
equates this project to the reconstructing of society as a whole. In order to truly be able to
rehabilitate a single offender society itself might have to adjust in order to prevent this particular
criminal from reoffending. Critics of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Rehabilitation is arguably the most paternalistic of the three approaches. The state is declaring the
self that the criminal has created is unfit for society and thus he needs to change. Humans have
rights as autonomous agents to self–rule, that is determine the person they wish to be. When the
state endeavors to rehabilitate, it is attempting to mold the individual to conform to the general
morals of society. The three philosophical approaches to the justification of punishment have each
shown to have merit as well as flaws. I will now move on to providing my proposed resolution to
the issue of punishment. The overarching theme amongst these three theories is that each attempts to
safeguard society. Retribution attempts to achieve this by appealing to the general call of the
community as a whole. This is to say that it expresses in the most natural way the community's
condemnation for the crime committed. Cohen outlines that pure retribution, an eye for an eye
literally, would not be a just practice due to it neglecting to acknowledge the two important facets of
punishment, deterrence and rehabilitation. If a driver was driving negligently and crashed his
vehicle inadvertently killing a pedestrian, it would do no good to have this driver crushed by a
vehicle as well. For this would aid in providing minimally more future deterrence than a just
sentence; let alone be cruel

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