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The Timeline of India’s Struggle for Ram Temple – How the
Idea of Bharat Won in the Long-haul
The story of the struggle for having a temple at Lord Rama’s
birthplace was not about settling an issue between two
groups. It has been the struggle of Indian identity, and a mere
glance at the timeline that spreads nearly 500 years takes
you to a time travel of sorts. It introduces you to the brutal
era of invaders. The era of intolerance when the temple was
razed to the ground. Then we witness the relentless pursuit
of Indians to see the temple back. It is this never dying spirit
that makes it clear that the story of Rama is timeless and
resonates throughout India cutting across caste and creed.
The timeline dates back to 1528 when Mir Baqi, commander
of Mughal emperor Babur vandalised Ram Mandir and built a
mosque over it. Thereafter from 16th to 19th century, various
foreign writers have written about the reverence that Hindus
have for the birthplace of Ram at Ayodhya.
Starting from 1858, various sects of Indian society including
Nihangs filed cases in courts for freeing the place of worship.
This can be referred to as the phase of Preservation of Faith.
From 1949 to 1992, the phase can be called the Rise of a
Mass Movement. Here, the in-depth arguments that would
legally help the future course shaped despite the efforts of
baseless narratives from the left-leaning historians.
The phase after 1993 to the present can be seen as The Final
Lap. People of India became more and more aware of the rich
legacy that the divisive and denialist forces wanted to destroy.
A silent consensus built among people that reclaiming the
birthplace of Rama for the temple is not merely a religious
struggle but it is about India’s identity.
This finally led to the Supreme Court verdict of awarding all
the contested land to Ram Lalla. And the date of August 5,
2020 claimed its glorious place in the pages of history as
Prime Minister Narendra Modi performed Bhoomi Poojan for
Ram temple.
Here this timeline will take you through all these phases that
reflect the true spirit of India.
“We are well
acquainted
with the divine
greatness
of Bhagwan
Shri Ram, the
historical context
of Ayodhya and
the piousness of
Ayodhya Dham,
all of which are
integral to the
soul, ideals and
morals of India.”
PM Narendra Modi
The Story of
RAM MANDIR
THE INVASION
Mir Baqi, commander of
Mughal emperor Babur
vandalises Ram Mandir,
and puts a masjid in
place
European traveller
William Finch visits
Ayodhya; notes
continued reverence
among Hindus on the
site and their presence
British royal emissary
Thomas Erbert visits
India, notes reverence
for Ayodhya among
Hindus
A railing was set up by
Britishers to bifurcate
the inner and outer
courtyard as places of
worship between the
two communities
A clash at Hanuman
Garhi; reference to
Janamsthan come up
once again in the bid to
quell the deadly clashes
Austrian Jesuit Joseph
Tieffenthaler visits
Awadh, notes Hindus
worshipping a vedi within
the Masjid and Muslims
not offering namaz
Sawai Jai Singh, ruler
of Amer, acquires
the land of the Ram
Janamsthan in Ayodhya
1528 1608 1627
1717
1766
1855
1856-57
PRESERVATION
OF FAITH
Fakir Singh Khalsa,
a Nihang, conducts
havan and puja inside
Janamsthan, erects
symbol of Sri Bhagwan
in the premises
Mohammad Asghar files
plea in Faizabad District
Court, claims rent for
the use of Chabutara
inside the complex;
plea dismissed by court
Mahant Raghubir Das
appeals for permission
to build a canopy outside
disputed structure in
Faizabad District Court;
plea is rejected
Clashes take place,
Deputy Collector reports
significant damage to
structure
1858 1882 1885
1934
Especially in the midst of battle, when it would
be easy to release the arrow that takes a life.
That’s when you have to be absolutely sure!
RISE OF A
MASS
MOVEMENT
Idols of Ram Lalla are
found under central
dome outside the
disputed structure but
Prime Minister Nehru
orders the removal of
idols from the site
KK Nair, the
district magistrate
of Faizabad, refuses to
remove Hindu idols from the
temple. Jawaharlal Nehru
and Uttar Pradesh Chief
Minister GB Pant suspend
KK Nair
Gopal Simla Visharad files
suit in Faizabad District
Court for right to worship
Ram Lalla; Paramahansa
Ramachandra Das files suit
to keep idols in there and
continue worship
Ram Janmabhoomi
Yajna Samiti formed;
Mahant Avaidyanath
made its President
The Vishwa Hindu
Parishad (VHP) starts
nationwide movement
for construction of
temple at the disputed
site in Ayodhya
UP Sunni Central Waqf
Board files a suit, claims
ownership of the site
Nirmohi Akhara
files a suit, seeking
possession of the
disputed site
1949 1949 1950
1959
1961
1983
JULY 21, 1984
Local court orders state
government of the time
to open site for Hindu
worshippers
Muslims set up the
Babri Masjid Action
Committee
Allahabad High Court
orders maintenance of
status quo in respect of
the disputed structure,
starts hearing case
VHP carries out
Shilanyas ceremony in
Ayodhya and the first
stone of the planned
Ram temple is put in
place
NOV 1989
AUG 14, 1989
1986
FEB 1, 1986
BJP leader LK Advani
starts Rath Yatra from
Somnath in Gujarat to
Ayodhya. Advani gets
arrested in Bihar
during the Yatra
SEP 1990
On the orders of the
then Chief Minister
Mulayam Singh Yadav,
U.P. Police opens
fire at Karsevaks,
killing many
Leftist Historians on behalf of Babri Masjid Action
Committee try to undermine the Hindu case through
their faulty “Report to the Nation”
MAY 1991
NOV 1990
The disputed
structure is
brought down
DEC 6, 1992
THE
FINAL LAP
‘Acquisition of Certain
Area at Ayodhya Act’
passed to acquire
land by Centre in the
disputed area
Various writ petitions,
including one by
Ismail Faruqui, filed
in Allahabad HC
challenging various
aspects of the Act
Allahabad HC
begins hearing
to determine the
ownership of
the disputed site
SC passes judgment in
historic Ismail Faruqui
case; says mosque not
integral to Islam
Supreme Court
exercising its
jurisdiction under
Article 139A transfers
writ petitions pending
in the High Court
APRIL 3, 1993 1993
1993
OCT 24, 1994
APR 2002
1993
1993
‘SC says in the Aslam
alias Bhure case that no
religious activity of any
nature is to be allowed
at the acquired land
HC, in a 2:1 majority,
rules three-way division
of disputed area
between Sunni Waqf
Board, the Nirmohi
Akhara and Ram Lalla
SC stays HC verdict on
Ayodhya land dispute
MAY 9, 2011
MAR 13, 2003 SEP 30, 2010
SC constitutes three-
judge bench to hear
pleas challenging 1994
verdict of Allahabad HC
CJI JS Khehar suggests
out-of-court settlement
among rival parties
AUG 7, 2017 MAR 21, 2017
2017
2017
SC starts hearing the
civil appeals
SC reserves verdict
JUL 20, 2018
FEB 8, 2018
SC declines to refer the
case to a five-judge
Constitution bench.
Case is then to be heard
by a newly constituted
three-judge bench on
October 29
SEP 27, 2018
2018
2018
SC decides to take up
petitions on case for
hearing on January 4,
2019
DEC 24, 2018
SC fixes the case for the
first week of January
before an appropriate
bench with a mandate of
deciding the schedule of
hearing
OCT 29, 2018
Obstacles are the
things a person sees
when he takes his
eyes off his goals
SC says appropriate
bench constituted by it
will pass an order on
January 10 for fixing the
date of hearing in title
case
SC sets up five-judge
Constitution Bench to
hear the case
Justice U U Lalit
recuses himself,
prompting SC to
reschedule the hearing
for January 29 before a
new bench
SC refers the dispute
for mediation by a
panel headed by
former apex court
judge F M I Kallifulla
SC favours mediation,
fixes March 5 for
order on whether to
refer matter to court-
appointed mediator
Centre moves SC
seeking permission to
return 67-acre acquired
land around the
disputed site to original
owners
SC reconstitutes
5-member Constitution
Bench to hear the case
JAN 4, 2019 JAN 8, 2019 JAN 10, 2019
JAN 25, 2019
JAN 29, 2019
FEB 26, 2019
MAR 8, 2019
Nirmohi Akhara
opposes Centre’s plea
in SC to return acquired
land around Ayodhya
site to owners
3-member mediation
committee submits its
interim report to SC
SC extends time till Aug
15 to complete mediation
process
MAY 10, 2019
MAY 9, 2019
APR 9, 2019
2019
2019
SC allows mediation
process to continue,
seeks outcome report
by Aug 1
SC seeks report on
“progress of mediation”
JUL 11, 2019
JUL 18, 2019
Report of mediation
submitted in sealed
cover to SC
Mediation fails; SC
decides to conduct day-
to-day hearing
from Aug 6
AUG 2, 2019
AUG 1, 2019
SC concludes hearing;
reserves order
SC directs UP govt to
provide security to state
Waqf Board Chairperson
SC announces that it
will wrap up hearing
on Oct 17 and pass the
judgment by Nov 17
SC commences day-to-
day hearing on the land
dispute
AUG 6, 2019
OCT 4, 2019
OCT 4, 2019
OCT 16, 2019
SC grants entire 2.77
acre of disputed land
in Ayodhya to deity
Ram Lalla, directs
Centre and UP govt
to allot 5 acre land to
Muslims for mosque
Bhumi Pujan of
Ram Mandir
with PM MODI
as the Chief Guest
PM Modi Announces
15-Member Trust for
Ayodhya Ram Temple;
5 Acres Allotted for
Masjid in Parliament
NOV 9, 2019
FEB 5, 2020
AUG 5, 2020
2020
2020
I have faith in the people of
Uttar Pradesh. Your ancestors
had established Ram rajya.
Had the people not been
empowered, there would
never have been Ram rajya
here. The state has all that
is needed for Ram rajya. The
strength, tradition and will
needed for establishing Ram
rajya is there in you….If still
there are problems here it is
because you have not chosen
the right government. I have
full faith that the day you
do so, this (Ram rajya) can
become a reality.”
Narendra Modi in a public meeting in
Varanasi in December 2013
The Story of Ram Mandir - A Timeline.pdf

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The Story of Ram Mandir - A Timeline.pdf

  • 1.
  • 2. The Timeline of India’s Struggle for Ram Temple – How the Idea of Bharat Won in the Long-haul The story of the struggle for having a temple at Lord Rama’s birthplace was not about settling an issue between two groups. It has been the struggle of Indian identity, and a mere glance at the timeline that spreads nearly 500 years takes you to a time travel of sorts. It introduces you to the brutal era of invaders. The era of intolerance when the temple was razed to the ground. Then we witness the relentless pursuit of Indians to see the temple back. It is this never dying spirit that makes it clear that the story of Rama is timeless and resonates throughout India cutting across caste and creed. The timeline dates back to 1528 when Mir Baqi, commander of Mughal emperor Babur vandalised Ram Mandir and built a mosque over it. Thereafter from 16th to 19th century, various foreign writers have written about the reverence that Hindus have for the birthplace of Ram at Ayodhya. Starting from 1858, various sects of Indian society including Nihangs filed cases in courts for freeing the place of worship. This can be referred to as the phase of Preservation of Faith. From 1949 to 1992, the phase can be called the Rise of a Mass Movement. Here, the in-depth arguments that would legally help the future course shaped despite the efforts of baseless narratives from the left-leaning historians. The phase after 1993 to the present can be seen as The Final Lap. People of India became more and more aware of the rich legacy that the divisive and denialist forces wanted to destroy. A silent consensus built among people that reclaiming the birthplace of Rama for the temple is not merely a religious struggle but it is about India’s identity. This finally led to the Supreme Court verdict of awarding all the contested land to Ram Lalla. And the date of August 5, 2020 claimed its glorious place in the pages of history as Prime Minister Narendra Modi performed Bhoomi Poojan for Ram temple. Here this timeline will take you through all these phases that reflect the true spirit of India. “We are well acquainted with the divine greatness of Bhagwan Shri Ram, the historical context of Ayodhya and the piousness of Ayodhya Dham, all of which are integral to the soul, ideals and morals of India.” PM Narendra Modi
  • 3. The Story of RAM MANDIR THE INVASION Mir Baqi, commander of Mughal emperor Babur vandalises Ram Mandir, and puts a masjid in place European traveller William Finch visits Ayodhya; notes continued reverence among Hindus on the site and their presence British royal emissary Thomas Erbert visits India, notes reverence for Ayodhya among Hindus A railing was set up by Britishers to bifurcate the inner and outer courtyard as places of worship between the two communities A clash at Hanuman Garhi; reference to Janamsthan come up once again in the bid to quell the deadly clashes Austrian Jesuit Joseph Tieffenthaler visits Awadh, notes Hindus worshipping a vedi within the Masjid and Muslims not offering namaz Sawai Jai Singh, ruler of Amer, acquires the land of the Ram Janamsthan in Ayodhya 1528 1608 1627 1717 1766 1855 1856-57 PRESERVATION OF FAITH Fakir Singh Khalsa, a Nihang, conducts havan and puja inside Janamsthan, erects symbol of Sri Bhagwan in the premises Mohammad Asghar files plea in Faizabad District Court, claims rent for the use of Chabutara inside the complex; plea dismissed by court Mahant Raghubir Das appeals for permission to build a canopy outside disputed structure in Faizabad District Court; plea is rejected Clashes take place, Deputy Collector reports significant damage to structure 1858 1882 1885 1934 Especially in the midst of battle, when it would be easy to release the arrow that takes a life. That’s when you have to be absolutely sure!
  • 4. RISE OF A MASS MOVEMENT Idols of Ram Lalla are found under central dome outside the disputed structure but Prime Minister Nehru orders the removal of idols from the site KK Nair, the district magistrate of Faizabad, refuses to remove Hindu idols from the temple. Jawaharlal Nehru and Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister GB Pant suspend KK Nair Gopal Simla Visharad files suit in Faizabad District Court for right to worship Ram Lalla; Paramahansa Ramachandra Das files suit to keep idols in there and continue worship Ram Janmabhoomi Yajna Samiti formed; Mahant Avaidyanath made its President The Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP) starts nationwide movement for construction of temple at the disputed site in Ayodhya UP Sunni Central Waqf Board files a suit, claims ownership of the site Nirmohi Akhara files a suit, seeking possession of the disputed site 1949 1949 1950 1959 1961 1983 JULY 21, 1984 Local court orders state government of the time to open site for Hindu worshippers Muslims set up the Babri Masjid Action Committee Allahabad High Court orders maintenance of status quo in respect of the disputed structure, starts hearing case VHP carries out Shilanyas ceremony in Ayodhya and the first stone of the planned Ram temple is put in place NOV 1989 AUG 14, 1989 1986 FEB 1, 1986 BJP leader LK Advani starts Rath Yatra from Somnath in Gujarat to Ayodhya. Advani gets arrested in Bihar during the Yatra SEP 1990 On the orders of the then Chief Minister Mulayam Singh Yadav, U.P. Police opens fire at Karsevaks, killing many Leftist Historians on behalf of Babri Masjid Action Committee try to undermine the Hindu case through their faulty “Report to the Nation” MAY 1991 NOV 1990 The disputed structure is brought down DEC 6, 1992
  • 5. THE FINAL LAP ‘Acquisition of Certain Area at Ayodhya Act’ passed to acquire land by Centre in the disputed area Various writ petitions, including one by Ismail Faruqui, filed in Allahabad HC challenging various aspects of the Act Allahabad HC begins hearing to determine the ownership of the disputed site SC passes judgment in historic Ismail Faruqui case; says mosque not integral to Islam Supreme Court exercising its jurisdiction under Article 139A transfers writ petitions pending in the High Court APRIL 3, 1993 1993 1993 OCT 24, 1994 APR 2002 1993 1993 ‘SC says in the Aslam alias Bhure case that no religious activity of any nature is to be allowed at the acquired land HC, in a 2:1 majority, rules three-way division of disputed area between Sunni Waqf Board, the Nirmohi Akhara and Ram Lalla SC stays HC verdict on Ayodhya land dispute MAY 9, 2011 MAR 13, 2003 SEP 30, 2010 SC constitutes three- judge bench to hear pleas challenging 1994 verdict of Allahabad HC CJI JS Khehar suggests out-of-court settlement among rival parties AUG 7, 2017 MAR 21, 2017 2017 2017 SC starts hearing the civil appeals SC reserves verdict JUL 20, 2018 FEB 8, 2018 SC declines to refer the case to a five-judge Constitution bench. Case is then to be heard by a newly constituted three-judge bench on October 29 SEP 27, 2018 2018 2018 SC decides to take up petitions on case for hearing on January 4, 2019 DEC 24, 2018 SC fixes the case for the first week of January before an appropriate bench with a mandate of deciding the schedule of hearing OCT 29, 2018 Obstacles are the things a person sees when he takes his eyes off his goals
  • 6. SC says appropriate bench constituted by it will pass an order on January 10 for fixing the date of hearing in title case SC sets up five-judge Constitution Bench to hear the case Justice U U Lalit recuses himself, prompting SC to reschedule the hearing for January 29 before a new bench SC refers the dispute for mediation by a panel headed by former apex court judge F M I Kallifulla SC favours mediation, fixes March 5 for order on whether to refer matter to court- appointed mediator Centre moves SC seeking permission to return 67-acre acquired land around the disputed site to original owners SC reconstitutes 5-member Constitution Bench to hear the case JAN 4, 2019 JAN 8, 2019 JAN 10, 2019 JAN 25, 2019 JAN 29, 2019 FEB 26, 2019 MAR 8, 2019 Nirmohi Akhara opposes Centre’s plea in SC to return acquired land around Ayodhya site to owners 3-member mediation committee submits its interim report to SC SC extends time till Aug 15 to complete mediation process MAY 10, 2019 MAY 9, 2019 APR 9, 2019 2019 2019 SC allows mediation process to continue, seeks outcome report by Aug 1 SC seeks report on “progress of mediation” JUL 11, 2019 JUL 18, 2019 Report of mediation submitted in sealed cover to SC Mediation fails; SC decides to conduct day- to-day hearing from Aug 6 AUG 2, 2019 AUG 1, 2019 SC concludes hearing; reserves order SC directs UP govt to provide security to state Waqf Board Chairperson SC announces that it will wrap up hearing on Oct 17 and pass the judgment by Nov 17 SC commences day-to- day hearing on the land dispute AUG 6, 2019 OCT 4, 2019 OCT 4, 2019 OCT 16, 2019
  • 7. SC grants entire 2.77 acre of disputed land in Ayodhya to deity Ram Lalla, directs Centre and UP govt to allot 5 acre land to Muslims for mosque Bhumi Pujan of Ram Mandir with PM MODI as the Chief Guest PM Modi Announces 15-Member Trust for Ayodhya Ram Temple; 5 Acres Allotted for Masjid in Parliament NOV 9, 2019 FEB 5, 2020 AUG 5, 2020 2020 2020 I have faith in the people of Uttar Pradesh. Your ancestors had established Ram rajya. Had the people not been empowered, there would never have been Ram rajya here. The state has all that is needed for Ram rajya. The strength, tradition and will needed for establishing Ram rajya is there in you….If still there are problems here it is because you have not chosen the right government. I have full faith that the day you do so, this (Ram rajya) can become a reality.” Narendra Modi in a public meeting in Varanasi in December 2013