I need a response to this assignment 2 references  zero plagiarism Does psychotherapy have a biological basis? In a word, yes.  Psychotherapy has a solid basis in biological processes.  Changes in thought processes can be linked to changes in the structure or function of neural activity (Stahl, 2013).  Numerous imaging and functional scanning studies demonstrate that psychotherapy changes how the brain functions, and these changes can be demonstrated on a biological level.  A few of these studies are highlighted here to illustrate the point.              A systematic review by Zantvoord, Diehle, & Lindauer (2013) identified 16 studies that examined brain imaging with PTSD patients receiving trauma-processing therapies including TF-CBT and EMDR. The studies reviewed showed various biological factors at play including increased activity in the mid-prefrontal cortex and decreased activity in the amygdala following TF-CBT (Zantvoord, Diehle, & Lindauer, 2013). Furthermore, Lindauer et al. (2008) showed that following TF-CBT, the neural circuitry of working memory in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex showed decreased activity.  Disturbances in this brain region appears to play a part in the development and maintenance of PTSD (Lindauer et al, 2008).               Too many studies demonstrate the biological basis of therapy to give a solid accounting of this evidence.  Thome et al (2016) compared the use of psychotherapy versus pharmacology to help reduce anxiety in reconsolidation phases of traumatic memories.  The reality that both therapy and pharmacologic agents can produce similar results demonstrates that therapy has a biological component.  Even (traditionally) less structured forms of therapy such as psychodynamic therapy has been shown through brain imaging to change the structure and function of neural pathways (Abbass, Nowoweiski, Bernier, Tarzwell, & Beutel, 2014).               The summation of evidence that psychotherapy can alter the chemistry, structure, and function of the brain makes it clear that psychotherapeutic interventions are an  important aspect of effective treatment for mental disorders. Explain how culture, religion, and socioeconomics might influence one’s perspective of the value of psychotherapy treatments.             Culture, religion, and socioeconomic status are active influences in people’s lives, so these factors will inherently have influence on the choices people are willing to consider.  Some cultures may believe more in therapy than in pharmacology, as may certain religious groups.  Some religious groups may shun all forms of mental health intervention believing that these illnesses reflect a lack of faith or misunderstanding of how to bring life into balance.             All three of these specific factors have systemic impacts that can influence a patient’s willingness to engage in psychotherapy, and this can limit the potential gains from therapy if the patient is hesitant to participate (.

1. I need a response to this assignment
2 references
zero plagiarism
Does psychotherapy have a biological basis?
In a word, yes. Psychotherapy has a solid basis in biological
processes. Changes in thought processes can be linked to
changes in the structure or function of neural activity (Stahl,
2013). Numerous imaging and functional scanning studies
demonstrate that psychotherapy changes how the brain
functions, and these changes can be demonstrated on a
biological level. A few of these studies are highlighted here to
illustrate the point.
A systematic review by Zantvoord, Diehle, & Lindauer
(2013) identified 16 studies that examined brain imaging with
PTSD patients receiving trauma-processing therapies including
TF-CBT and EMDR. The studies reviewed showed various
biological factors at play including increased activity in the
mid-prefrontal cortex and decreased activity in the amygdala
following TF-CBT (Zantvoord, Diehle, & Lindauer, 2013).
Furthermore, Lindauer et al. (2008) showed that following TF-
CBT, the neural circuitry of working memory in the dorsolateral
prefrontal cortex showed decreased activity. Disturbances in
this brain region appears to play a part in the development and
maintenance of PTSD (Lindauer et al, 2008).
Too many studies demonstrate the biological basis of
therapy to give a solid accounting of this evidence. Thome et al

2. (2016) compared the use of psychotherapy versus pharmacology
to help reduce anxiety in reconsolidation phases of traumatic
memories. The reality that both therapy and pharmacologic
agents can produce similar results demonstrates that therapy has
a biological component. Even (traditionally) less structured
forms of therapy such as psychodynamic therapy has been
shown through brain imaging to change the structure and
function of neural pathways (Abbass, Nowoweiski, Bernier,
Tarzwell, & Beutel, 2014).
The summation of evidence that psychotherapy can alter
the chemistry, structure, and function of the brain makes it clear
that psychotherapeutic interventions are an important aspect of
effective treatment for mental disorders.
Explain how culture, religion, and socioeconomics might
influence one’s perspective of the value of psychotherapy
treatments.
Culture, religion, and socioeconomic status are active
influences in people’s lives, so these factors will inherently
have influence on the choices people are willing to consider.
Some cultures may believe more in therapy than in
pharmacology, as may certain religious groups. Some religious
groups may shun all forms of mental health intervention
believing that these illnesses reflect a lack of faith or
misunderstanding of how to bring life into balance.
All three of these specific factors have systemic
impacts that can influence a patient’s willingness to engage in
psychotherapy, and this can limit the potential gains from
therapy if the patient is hesitant to participate (Mott, Stanley,
Street, Grady, & Teng, 2014). Patient’s understanding of
treatment processes has an important impact on the willingness
to engage in therapy, and health literacy is closely correlated

3. with socioeconomic factors (Hodgkinson, Godoy, Beers, &
Lewin, 2017).
Because these factors are systemic in nature, they permeate the
lives of the patient and the therapist alike, so accounting for
these factors is among the most foundational elements of
therapy. Failure to account for culture, religion, and
socioeconomics is a failure by the therapist to truly see the
client and understand their lived experience. While no therapist
can truly understand every client’s experience, recognizing the
importance of these factors is a beginning step to accounting for
them within the context of therapy.
References
Abbass, A. A., Nowoweiski, S. J., Bernier, D., Tarzwell, R., &
Beutel, M. E. (2014). Review of psychodynamic psychotherapy
neuroimaging studies.
Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 83
(3), 142-7. doi: 10.1159/000358841
Hodgkinson, S., Godoy, L., Beers, L. S., & Lewin, A. (2017).
Improving mental health access for low-income children and
families in the primary care setting.
Pediatrics
,
139
(1), e20151175. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-1175
Lindauer, R. J. L., Booij, J., Habraken, J. B. A., van Meijel,
,E.P.M., Uylings, H. B. M., Olff, M., . . . Gersons, B. P. R.
(2008). Effects of psychotherapy on regional cerebral blood
flow during trauma imagery in patients with post-traumatic
stress disorder: A randomized clinical trial.
Psychological Medicine, 38
(4), 543-54. doi: 10.1017/S0033291707001432

4. Mott, J. M., Stanley, M. A., Street, R. L., Grady, R. H., & Teng,
E. J. (2014). Increasing engagement in evidence-based PTSD
treatment through shared decision-making: A pilot study.
Military Medicine, 179
(2), 143-9. Retrieved from
https://ezp.waldenulibrary.org/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fsea
rch.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F1503664882%3Faccountid%3
D14872
Stahl, S. M. (2013).
Stahl’s essential psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific basis
and practical applications
(4th ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Thome, J., Koppe, G., Hauschild, S., Liebke, L., Schmahl, C.,
Lis, S., & Bohus, M. (2016). Modification of fear memory by
pharmacological and behavioural interventions during
reconsolidation.
PLoS One, 11
(8) doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161044
Zantvoord, J. B., Diehle, J., & Lindauer, R. J. L. (2013). Using
neurobiological measures to predict and assess treatment
outcome of psychotherapy in posttraumatic stress disorder:
Systematic review.
Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 82
(3), 142-51. doi: 10.1159/000343258