This document provides an overview of LTE functionalities and features. It begins with background on LTE development and standardization. It then describes the LTE network elements and interfaces, including the radio interface between UE and eNB. The document reviews the RRM framework and lists key RRM features, providing status updates on which features are ready in the current release or planned for future releases. It also includes roadmaps showing the planned features and timeline for LTE releases. The document appears to be an internal presentation on LTE technologies and the Nokia Siemens Networks product roadmap.

1. For internal use only
1 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
LTE Functionalities and Features Overview
LTEPAR Pilot Düsseldorf CW 22 2010 & Reviewed

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2 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Nokia Siemens Networks Academy
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Index
•Long Term Evolution (LTE) Radio Network
•RRM Framework
•Features Overview Roadmap and list of RRM features –
roadmap a bit out of date due to changes in May 2010, RRM
features are commented whether still in RL10 or moved into
next release.
Presentation / Author / Date

4. For internal use only
5 © Nokia Siemens Networks
LTE in 3GPP Release 8
3GPP and Operator Requirements
Packet Switched Domain Optimized
RTT <10 ms
Access Delay <300 ms
Peak Rates UL/DL 50/100 Mbps
Good Mobility and Security
Improve Terminal Power Efficiency
Frequency Allocation Flexibility with 1.4,3, 5,
10, 15 and 20 MHz Allocations
WCDMA evolution work to continue
3-4 times higher capacity expected than with
Release 6 HSDPA/HSUPA reference case
Study Phase
2004: 3GPP workshop on UTRAN Long Term
Evolution
03/2005 Start of the study
12/2005 Multiple Access selected
03/2006 eNB/Core functional split selected
09/2006 Close of the study item & approval of
work plan
Release 8 Stage 3 Output
06/2008 baseline
09/2008 baseline: Major PHY updates.
12/2008 baseline: Major MAC updates.
03/2009 baseline: Major L3 updates.

5. For internal use only
6 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
LTE/EPC Network Elements
Main references to architecture in 3GPP specs.: TS23.401,TS23.402,TS36.300
NOTE: Interface names are from draft specification and may not be the final interface names
LTE-UE
Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN)
MME S10
S6a
Serving
Gateway
S1-U
S11
PDN
Gateway
PDN
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
S1-MME
PCRF
S7 Rx+
SGiS5/S8
Evolved Node B
(eNB)
X2
LTE-Uu
HSS
Mobility
Management
Entity Policy &
Charging Rule
Function
S-GW /P-GW
eNB

6. For internal use only
7 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
LTE Radio Interface and the X2 Interface
LTE-Uu interface
• Air interface of LTE
• Based on OFDMA in DL and SC-FDMA in
UL
• FDD and TDD duplex methods
• Scalable bandwidth 1.4MHz to currently
20 MHz
X2 interface
• Inter eNB interface
• X2AP: special signalling protocol
• Functionalities:
– For an inter- eNB HO to facilitate
handover and provide data forwarding.
– In RRM to provide e.g. load information
to neighbouring eNBs to facilitate
interference management
– Logical interface: It does not need direct
site-to-site connection, i.e. it can be
routed via core network as well
(E)-RRC(E)-RRC User PDUsUser PDUs User PDUsUser PDUs
PDCPPDCP
..
RLCRLC
MACMAC
LTE-L1 (FDD/TDD-OFDMA/SC-FDMA)LTE-L1 (FDD/TDD-OFDMA/SC-FDMA)
TS 36.300
eNB
LTE-Uu
eNB
X2
User PDUsUser PDUs
GTP-UGTP-U
UDPUDP
IPIP
L1/L2L1/L2
TS 36.424
X2-UP
(User Plane)X2-CP
(Control Plane)
X2-APX2-AP
SCTPSCTP
IPIP
L1/L2L1/L2TS 36.421
TS 36.422
TS 36.423
TS 36.421
TS 36.420
[currently also in TS 36.300 §20]

7. For internal use only
8 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
S1-MME & S1-U Interfaces
S1-MME interface
• Control interface between eNB and
MME
• S1AP:S1 Application Protocol
• MME and UE will exchange non-
access stratum signaling via eNB
through this interface ( i.e.
authentication, tracking area updates)
S1-U interface
• User plane interface between eNB and
serving gateway
• Pure user data interface (U=User plane)
MME
Serving
Gateway
S1-MME
(Control Plane)
S1-U
(User Plane)
NAS ProtocolsNAS Protocols
S1-APS1-AP
SCTPSCTP
IPIP
L1/L2L1/L2
User PDUsUser PDUs
GTP-UGTP-U
UDPUDP
IPIP
L1/L2L1/L2
TS 36.411
TS 36.411
TS 36.412
TS 36.413
TS 36.414
TS 36.410
[currently in TS 36.300 §19]
eNB
S1 interface is divided into two parts:

8. For internal use only
9 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Physical Layer Technologies
Downlink: OFDM (Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing).
Uplink: SC-FDMA (Single-Carrier
Frequency Division Multiple Access).
Both FDD and TDD modes available.
Subcarrier spacing 15 kHz.
Scalable bandwidth.
Only FDD with 5, 10 and 20 MHz
Bandwidth supported in RL10
FDD Carrier
Bandwidth
[MHz]
Number of
Resource
Blocks
1.4 6
3 15
5 25
10 50
15 75
20 100

9. For internal use only
11 © Nokia Siemens Networks HH / 28th
March 2008
LTE UE Categories
• All categories support 20 MHz
• 64QAM mandatory in downlink, but not in uplink (except Class 5)
• 2x2 MIMO mandatory in other classes except Class 1
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5
10/5 Mbps 50/25 Mbps 100/50 Mbps 150/50 Mbps 300/75 Mbps
Peak rate
DL UL/
20 MHz
RF
bandwidth
20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz
64QAM
Modulation
DL
64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM
16QAM
Modulation
UL
16QAM 64QAM16QAM 16QAM
YesRx diversity Yes YesYes Yes
1-4 tx
BTS tx
diversity
OptionalMIMO DL 2x2 4x42x2 2x2
1-4 tx 1-4 tx 1-4 tx 1-4 tx

10. For internal use only
12 © Nokia Siemens Networks
RRM Framework
Presentation / Author / Date
The diagram shows the
detailed RRM framework
and other modules
interacting with RRM :

11. For internal use only
13 © Nokia Siemens Networks
RRM Framework
Presentation / Author / Date
•UE scope:Handover control, power control, Adaptive
Modulation and Coding, outer link quality control, MIMO
•Cell scope:Radio Admission Control, Congestion
Control
•eNode B scope: Packet Scheduler (cell scope for
simpler implementation)
•RAN scope:Load Balancing, Inter-cell Interference
Coordination
•Multi-RAT scope: Interworking with GSM/EDGE and
UMTS, inter-RAT HO

12. For internal use only
14 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Layer 3
RRM
Connection Mobility Control
Layer 2
RRM
Time Scale
Call
Duration
Interhandover
Time
Channel
Fading Time
Burst or Packet
Duration
Traffic, Channel and
Location Variations
Traffic, Channel and
Location Variations
Radio Admission Control
Intercell Interference Coordination
Fast DL AMC
1 ms
10 ms
100 ms
1 s
10 s
100 s
Load Balancing , Congestion Control
Packet Scheduling (UL/DL), fast ATB
L3 Signaling
Delay
Slow UL
Power Control
(open/closed
Loop)
Slow UL
Power Control
(open/closed
Loop)
Outer Link Quality Control (OLQC)
UE
DRX/DTX
Control
UE
DRX/DTX
Control
LTE TTI
Slow UL LA/AMC,
Slow UL ATB
Slow UL LA/AMC,
Slow UL ATB
Dynamic
MIMO
Control
Dynamic
MIMO
Control
RRM Framework: Time Scale of RRM Functions

13. For internal use only
15 © Nokia Siemens Networks
RRM Framework
Presentation / Author / Date
•Radio Admission Control : Admission control will be encharged of
deciding when new users (or mobility users) are allowed to establish
bearers in the cell
•Packet Scheduler: Is encharged of UL and DL scheduling every
TTI. PS will dedice which users are scheduled on a TTI basis and
the amount of resources allocated to each user.
•Power control: For DL it will be a semi static configuration where
as for UL RRM will provide feedback for closed loop power control to
reduce UL interference.
• AMC (OLQC, OLLA) : AMC will perform link adaptation tasks to
ensure radio resources are used in the most effiecient way possible.
•MIMO: This module is encharged of selecting whether Transmit
diversity, Spatial multiplexing or dynamic switching between
previous two modes will be emplyed for every user based on UE
feedback
RL10
Functional Description of the different RRM Modules

14. For internal use only
16 © Nokia Siemens Networks
RL10 release roadmap
(roadmap reflects status of 10th
March 2010)

15. For internal use only
17 © Nokia Siemens Networks
RRM / Telecom
Open Loop UL Power Control and DL
Power Setting
CQI Adaptation (DL)
Link Adaptation by AMC (UL/DL)
Support of 64 QAM in DL
Fair Scheduler (UL/DL)
Cell Selection and Re-Selection
Intra Frequency Handover via X2
Transmit Diversity for Two Antennas
Downlink Adaptive Open Loop MIMO
for Two Antennas
O&M
SON -Automatic Adjacent Cell
Configuration
NetAct -Fault Management
LTE BTS Site Manager
Remote Electrical Tilt (RET)
Management
BTS Site Solutions
Flexi System Module: FSME
13 km Cell Range
Bandwidth: 5, 10 and 20 MHz
Frequency: 700 and 2600 MHz
Transport
Flexi Transport Sub-Modules: FTLB
Ethernet Transport
Synchronization from GPS
LTE FDD Release Roadmap
RL10
Ready for Contract
RL09
Available
RL20
Under Planning
RL30
Study Items
RRM / Telecom
Rate Capping per UE (UL/DL)
Ciphering / Integrity Protection
Inter RAT Handover to WCDMA
Closed Loop UL Power Control
S1 Flex
Multi-Operator Core Network (MOCN)
O&M
SON -BTS Auto Connectivity
SON -BTS Auto Configuration
SON -NetAct Optimizer for LTE
SON -ANR
SON -ANR InterRAT UTRAN
SON -Self Healing I
LTE Security
BTS Site Solutions
Flexi System Module: FSMD
77 km Cell Range
Frequency: 800EU*, 900*, 1800*,
1700/2100 and 2100 MHz
Transport
Flexi Transport Sub-Modules: FTIB
Traffic Prioritization on IP Layer
Traffic Prioritization on Ethernet Layer
VLAN Based Traffic Differentiation
Traffic Shaping
LTE IPSec Support
Synchronization from Ethernet
RRM / Telecom
Support of Multiple EPS Bearers
Support of GBR EPS Bearer
Inter RAT Handover to eHRPD
DRX in RRC Connected Mode
SRVCC to WCDMA
SRVCC to GSM
CS Fallback to WCDMA
CS Fallback to GSM
Intra LTE Handover via S1
Inter Frequency Handover
NACC to GSM
Service Differentiation for Non-GBR
EPS Bearer
O&M
SON -ANR Fully UE Based
SON -ANR InterRAT GERAN/HRPD
SON -Self Healing II
Trace Support
BTS Site Solutions
Up to 6 Cells with One System Module
RF Sharing GSM - LTE
100 km Cell Range
Bandwidth: 1.4, 3 and 15 MHz
Frequency: 850 and 1900 MHz
Transport
QoS Aware Ethernet Switching
Ethernet OAM
RRM / Telecom
Transmit Diversity for Four Antennas
Downlink Adaptive MIMO for Four
Antennas
TTI Bundling
O&M
SON - ANR Inter RAT UE Based
SON - Mobility Robustness Optimization
Online Performance Monitoring
BTS Site Solutions
RF Sharing WCDMA - LTE
System Sharing WCDMA - LTE
4-Way RX Diversity (MRC)
180W Flexi Multiradio Remote RF
Frequency: 1500 MHz
Transport
CESoPSN
Transport Link Redundancy
IPv4/IPv6 Dual Stack
IP Transport Network Measurements
Note: Availability and order of different RF
Module and Remote RF Head frequency
variants pending on market need and
customer orders
(* RL10 ED

16. For internal use only
18 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Basic functionality
S1/X2 Data Path Management
S1, X2 and RRC Common Signaling
EPS Bearer Establishment and Release
Admission Control
System Information Broadcast
Physical & Transport Channels
PDCP, MAC & RLC Support
Fair Scheduler (UL/DL)
Paging
UE State Management
Single TX Path
Capacity / Coverage
Open Loop UL Power Control and DL
Power Setting
Link Adaptation by AMC (UL/DL)
Transmit Diversity for Two Antennas
Downlink Adaptive Open Loop MIMO for
Two Antennas
Support of 64 QAM in DL
CQI adaptation (DL)
Mobility
Cell Selection and Re-Selection
Intra Frequency Handover via X2
LTE (FDD) RRM & Telecom Roadmap
Network Architecture
S1-Flex
Multi-Operator Core Network (MOCN)
Services
Rate Capping per UE (UL/DL)
Capacity / Coverage
Downlink Adaptive Closed Loop MIMO
for Two Antennas
Closed Loop UL Power Control
PUCCH Blanking
PDCCH Link Adaptation
Security
Ciphering
Integrity Protection
Mobility
Inter RAT Handover to WCDMA
Inter RAT Cell Re-Selection
Redirect to LTE or Other Technology
Services
Support of Multiple EPS Bearers
Support of GBR EPS Bearer
Robust Header Compression
DRX in RRC Connected Mode
Service Differentiation for Non-GBR
EPS Bearer
UE AMBR Modification
Mobility
Inter RAT Handover to eHRPD
SRVCC to WCDMA
SRVCC to GSM
CS Fallback to WCDMA
CS Fallback to GSM
Intra LTE Handover via S1
Inter Frequency Handover
NACC to GSM
Capacity / Coverage
Support of 64 QAM in UL
Transmit Diversity for Four Antennas
Downlink Adaptive Closed Loop MIMO
for Four Antennas
Channel Aware Scheduler (UL)
TTI Bundling
Extended Cyclic Prefix
Mobility
Inter RAT Handover from WCDMA
Support of High Speed Users
SRVCC to 1xRTT
CS Fallback to 1xRTT
Service Based Handover
Load Based Handover
Services
Support of Cell Based Location Service
E911
RL10RL09 RL20 RL30RL10
Ready for Contract
RL09
Available
RL20
Under Planning
RL30
Study Items

17. For internal use only
19 © Nokia Siemens Networks
RL10 new features list with comments
(roadmap reflects status of 10th
March 2010, however,
some features has been moved to further releases)

18. For internal use only
20 © Nokia Siemens Networks
RL10 New Features – RRM part commented
BTS Site Solution
LTE74 Flexi System Module FSMD
LTE86 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 2100
LTE88 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 900*
LTE99 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 1.7/2.1
LTE101 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 1800*
LTE437 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 800EU*
LTE547 Flexi RRH 2 TX 800EU* New
LTE76 Flexi BTS legacy MHA Support
LTE94 Feederless Site
LTE97 Cell range 77 km RL10-OK
LTE155 Flexi BTS 3rd party MHA Support
LTE899 Antenna Line Supervision
LTE900 Flexi LTE BTS 40W Power Support
LTE903 Flexi LTE BTS 60W Power Support
LTE904 Branch Activation in Triple RF Module
Transport
LTE129 Traffic prioritization on Ethernet layer
LTE131 Traffic prioritization on IP layer (Diffserv)
LTE138 Traffic shaping (UL)
LTE707 Flexi Transport sub-module FTIB
LTE710 Synchronization from PDH interface
LTE711 Synchronization from 2.048MHz signal
LTE875 Different IP addresses for U/C/M/S-plane
LTE132 VLAN based traffic differentiation
LTE134 Timing over Packet
LTE713 Synchronous Ethernet
RRM/Telecom (commented in red)
LTE38 Integrity protection
LTE423 RRC connection release with redirect RL10 OK
LTE426 System time broadcast for SIB8 (Moved to RL20)
LTE747 Support of UE radio capabilities RL10 OK
LTE749 Link adaptation for PDCCH RL10 OK
LTE761 Advanced target cell selection and handover
retry for intra frequency handover RL10 OK
LTE762 Idle mode mobility from LTE to WCDMA, GSM
or other LTE bands RL10 OK
LTE905 Non GBR QCI 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 RL10 OK
LTE2 S1 Flex (Moved to RL20)
LTE4 Multi-Operator Core Network (MOCN) (Moved to RL20)
LTE13 Rate capping (UL/DL) (moved to RL20)
LTE28 Closed loop UL power control RL10 OK
LTE37 Ciphering RL10 OK
LTE56 Inter RAT handover to WCDMA (Moved to RL20
LTE703 Downlink adaptive closed loop MIMO for two
antennas (Moved to RL20)
LTE786 Flexible UL Bandwidth (Moved to RL40)
LTE807 Idle mode mobility from LTE to CDMA/1xRTT (Moved to RL20)
LTE870 Idle mode mobility from LTE to CDMA/eHRPD (Moved to RL20)
LBTS1.0, NetAct 5.2
CD3
*) RL10 ED

19. For internal use only
21 © Nokia Siemens Networks
RL10 (Feature Under Development 0.9)
O&M, Performance Management
LTE152 LTE Feature Management
LTE654 LTE Configuration Management
LTE655 LTE Software Management
LTE147 LTE Hardware Management
LTE468 PCI Management
LTE720 SON LTE BTS Auto Configuration
LTE783 Automated Neighbor Relation (ANR) Inter RAT UTRAN
LTE154 SON LTE BTS Auto Connectivity
LTE492 Automated Neighbor Relation (ANR)
LTE653 LTE Operability Architecture
LTE656 LTE Fault Management
LTE657 LTE Performance Management
LTE432 Cell Outage Detection
LTE433 Basic LTE Cell Trace
LTE817 Call Logging
LTE150 LTE OAM Transport Layer Security (TLS) Support
LTE746 IP based Filtering for BTS Site Support Equipment
LTE666 LTE User Account Management
LTE667 LTE User Event Log Management
LTE665 LTE Certificate Management
LTE685 Infrastructures for Certification Authority (CA) and
Registration Authority (RA)
LTE689 LTE IPSec Support
LTE692 LTE Firewall Support
LTE663 GPS location and time retrieval
LTE691 BTS Site Manager Direct Application Access
LTE913 LTE NEBS Compliant OMS
LTE770 Basic Performance Counter Collection II
LTE797 PM Counter Handover I
LTE805 PM Counter Capacity I
LTE806 PM Counter Transport I
LBTS1.0, NetAct 5.2
CD3