This document provides an overview of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977, which levies a cess on water consumed by certain industries and local authorities to increase funding for pollution control boards. It defines key terms and outlines the constitution and powers of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards. These include their ability to form committees, associate external members, delegate powers, and constitute joint boards for multiple states/territories. The document also describes the boards' powers and duties related to preventing and controlling water pollution like restricting applications, obtaining information, inspecting sites, and emergency response. It discusses penalties for non-compliance and includes sections on funds, budgets, accounts and
Water (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1974SURYAKANTVERMA2
AnActtoprovideforthepreventionandcontrolofwaterpollutionandthemaintainingorrestoringofwholesomenessofwater,for the establishment, with a view to carrying out the purposes aforesaid, of Boards for the prevention and control of water pollution,forconferringonandassigningtosuchBoardspowersandfunctionsrelatingtheretoandformattersconnectedtherewith.
Water (prevention & control of pollution) act, 1974ACS Shalu Saraf
The document outlines key aspects of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 which provides for the levy and collection of a cess on water consumed by certain industries and local authorities. It establishes Central and State Pollution Control Boards to prevent and control water pollution. The boards are empowered to coordinate and ensure enforcement of the provisions of the Water Act. Appeals against board orders can be made to appellate authorities set up by state governments. The act also covers funds, accounts, and audits of the Central and State Boards.
Llb i el u 4.2 water pollution prevention and control act Rai University
This document outlines the constitution and functions of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977. It defines key terms and discusses the objectives, membership, powers and duties of the boards. The Central Board is responsible for promoting cleanliness of streams and wells across states, advising the central government on pollution issues, providing technical assistance to state boards, and establishing laboratories. State boards plan programs for preventing and controlling pollution of streams and wells within their jurisdiction. Joint boards can also be constituted by agreement between two or more state governments.
The Water Act was enacted in 1974 by the Parliament of India to prevent and control water pollution. It established the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) which are responsible for enforcing the Act. The Act aims to maintain the wholesomeness of water bodies by regulating pollution discharges and empowers the boards to issue penalties. It prohibits the discharge of sewage or pollutants into water bodies like lakes. The boards have powers to obtain information, take emergency measures, apply to courts, and issue directions. Non-compliance can result in fines or jail time. In conclusion, the Act will continue to be important for managing future water scarcity and mitigating
The Water Protection Act 1974 was enacted to provide for the prevention and control of water pollution in India. It established central and state pollution control boards with powers to regulate pollution. The Act applies to several states and union territories. The Central Pollution Control Board advises the central government on water pollution prevention and assists state boards. State boards implement policies at the state level and regulate industries through consent and standards. Major programs initiated under the Act include the Ganga Action Plan to restore the Ganga river and its tributaries through wastewater treatment in cities and towns located along the rivers.
The Environment (Protection) Act of 1986 provides the central government authority to protect the environment from pollution and regulate industrial activity. It established rules for emissions standards, hazardous waste management, and regulating hazardous chemicals and genetically modified organisms. The Act introduced penalties for non-compliance and empowers the government to appoint officers to enforce its objectives. Landmark court cases have helped define concepts like polluter pays principle and enforced remediation measures for water and air pollution incidents.
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 was enacted to implement the decisions of the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment and provides the central government with broad powers to protect and improve environmental quality. These powers include establishing environmental standards, regulating environmental pollutants from industries, and appointing officers to enforce the act. The act defines key terms, outlines procedures for inspections and sampling, and establishes penalties for non-compliance with its provisions.
The Indian Forest Act of 1927 consolidates laws around forests, transit of forest products, and duties on timber. It allows the government to declare Reserved Forests and Protected Forests, granting them legal protection. The Act gives forest officers broad powers over forest areas, including the ability to prohibit certain activities, arrest without warrant, and try offenses summarily. It also establishes procedures for resolving claims to land and resources within newly designated forest areas. Overall, the Act aimed to assert government control over forest lands by overriding customary use rights and management systems to facilitate timber extraction.
Water (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1974SURYAKANTVERMA2
AnActtoprovideforthepreventionandcontrolofwaterpollutionandthemaintainingorrestoringofwholesomenessofwater,for the establishment, with a view to carrying out the purposes aforesaid, of Boards for the prevention and control of water pollution,forconferringonandassigningtosuchBoardspowersandfunctionsrelatingtheretoandformattersconnectedtherewith.
Water (prevention & control of pollution) act, 1974ACS Shalu Saraf
The document outlines key aspects of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 which provides for the levy and collection of a cess on water consumed by certain industries and local authorities. It establishes Central and State Pollution Control Boards to prevent and control water pollution. The boards are empowered to coordinate and ensure enforcement of the provisions of the Water Act. Appeals against board orders can be made to appellate authorities set up by state governments. The act also covers funds, accounts, and audits of the Central and State Boards.
Llb i el u 4.2 water pollution prevention and control act Rai University
This document outlines the constitution and functions of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977. It defines key terms and discusses the objectives, membership, powers and duties of the boards. The Central Board is responsible for promoting cleanliness of streams and wells across states, advising the central government on pollution issues, providing technical assistance to state boards, and establishing laboratories. State boards plan programs for preventing and controlling pollution of streams and wells within their jurisdiction. Joint boards can also be constituted by agreement between two or more state governments.
The Water Act was enacted in 1974 by the Parliament of India to prevent and control water pollution. It established the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) which are responsible for enforcing the Act. The Act aims to maintain the wholesomeness of water bodies by regulating pollution discharges and empowers the boards to issue penalties. It prohibits the discharge of sewage or pollutants into water bodies like lakes. The boards have powers to obtain information, take emergency measures, apply to courts, and issue directions. Non-compliance can result in fines or jail time. In conclusion, the Act will continue to be important for managing future water scarcity and mitigating
The Water Protection Act 1974 was enacted to provide for the prevention and control of water pollution in India. It established central and state pollution control boards with powers to regulate pollution. The Act applies to several states and union territories. The Central Pollution Control Board advises the central government on water pollution prevention and assists state boards. State boards implement policies at the state level and regulate industries through consent and standards. Major programs initiated under the Act include the Ganga Action Plan to restore the Ganga river and its tributaries through wastewater treatment in cities and towns located along the rivers.
The Environment (Protection) Act of 1986 provides the central government authority to protect the environment from pollution and regulate industrial activity. It established rules for emissions standards, hazardous waste management, and regulating hazardous chemicals and genetically modified organisms. The Act introduced penalties for non-compliance and empowers the government to appoint officers to enforce its objectives. Landmark court cases have helped define concepts like polluter pays principle and enforced remediation measures for water and air pollution incidents.
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 was enacted to implement the decisions of the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment and provides the central government with broad powers to protect and improve environmental quality. These powers include establishing environmental standards, regulating environmental pollutants from industries, and appointing officers to enforce the act. The act defines key terms, outlines procedures for inspections and sampling, and establishes penalties for non-compliance with its provisions.
The Indian Forest Act of 1927 consolidates laws around forests, transit of forest products, and duties on timber. It allows the government to declare Reserved Forests and Protected Forests, granting them legal protection. The Act gives forest officers broad powers over forest areas, including the ability to prohibit certain activities, arrest without warrant, and try offenses summarily. It also establishes procedures for resolving claims to land and resources within newly designated forest areas. Overall, the Act aimed to assert government control over forest lands by overriding customary use rights and management systems to facilitate timber extraction.
The document summarizes key aspects of air pollution and the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 in India. It discusses how the Act was implemented to control pollution and established regulatory bodies like the Central and State Pollution Control Boards. It also outlines enforcement measures, penalties for violations, and standards introduced over time to regulate industrial and vehicle emissions. Statistics are presented showing high air pollution levels in urban areas like Delhi from industrialization and traffic. The lack of proper enforcement is also cited as undermining legal frameworks and standards.
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)Act, 1981KUSH VERMA
The document discusses various acts related to air pollution control in India. It summarizes:
1) The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 provides for controlling and abating air pollution in India and entrusts enforcement powers to state pollution control boards.
2) The Environment (Protection) Act of 1986 aims to protect and improve the environment in India and prevent all forms of environmental pollution. It provides a framework for setting pollution control standards and handling hazardous materials.
3) Other acts discussed include the Factories Act of 1948 on workplace environments, Motor Vehicles Act of 1988 on transporting hazardous waste, and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Amendment Act of 1987
I’m professional presentation maker . These presentations are for sale for 20$ each, if required you can contact me on my gmail id bestpptmaker@gmail.com and you can also suggest me topics for your required presentations
The document discusses environmental policies and legislation in India. It defines environment according to the Environmental Protection Act of 1986. It outlines some key Indian policies related to the environment like the National Forest Policy of 1988. It also lists many statutes and legislations enacted in India for environmental protection, such as the Water Prevention and Control of Pollution Act of 1974, Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Act of 1981, and Environment Protection Act of 1986. It provides details on the Water and Air Acts, including their objectives, functions of related boards, penalties for non-compliance, and limitations. It also presents a case study on the Sterlite copper plant in Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu regarding refusal to renew its consent to operate.
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)Act, 1981KUSH VERMA
This document summarizes Indian laws related to air pollution control and prevention. It outlines several key acts: the Factories Act of 1948 which addressed worker health and safety; the Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Acts of 1981 and 1987 which established central and state pollution control boards; and others addressing radioactive waste, motor vehicle emissions, and more. It also describes the roles and powers of the central and state pollution control boards in enforcing standards, conducting inspections, and preventing and controlling air pollution in India.
Constitutional provisions for environmental protectionKiran Prasad Naik
The document discusses the evolution of environmental protection provisions in the Indian constitution. It notes that initially the constitution did not have explicit environmental protection provisions. However, provisions like Article 47 implied the need for a pollution-free environment. The 1972 Stockholm Conference raised awareness of environmental issues globally. In response, India introduced Articles 48A and 51A(g) in 1976 to mandate environmental protection as a directive principle and fundamental duty. Further amendments expanded legislative powers to enact environmental laws and assigned environmental roles to local governments. The judiciary has also interpreted fundamental rights like right to life to include the right to a healthy environment. Overall, the constitution has been amended over time to strengthen environmental governance in India.
Background, Legislative Intent, Article 253 of Indian Constitution, International Obligations, Scope & Object of the Act, Definitions, Bodies Constituted under the Act for enforcement, Functions & Powers & Duties of Central & State Board, Powers of the State & Central, Responsibility of PERSONS,
Water (prevention control of pollution) act 1974Saurabh Negi
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 aims to prevent and control water pollution and maintain or restore water quality. It provides for the establishment of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to enforce the provisions of the act. These boards are empowered to establish water quality standards, license trade effluents, and oversee the implementation of measures to treat sewage and trade wastewater before discharge. The act defines water pollution and outlines penalties for violations to its provisions. Its goal is to ensure access to clean water resources through preventing, controlling, and reducing pollution from all sources.
In the wake of Bhopal tragedy, the Government of India enacted the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA) under article 253 of the constitution. The purpose of the Act is to act as an “umbrella” legislation designed to provide a frame work for Central government co-ordination of the activities of various central and state authorities established under previous laws, such as Water Act & Air Act. The potential scope of the Act is broad, with “environment” defined to include water, air and land and the inter-relationships which exist among water, air and land, and human beings and other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms and property. Environment protection rules were also enacted as a corollary to this Act.
Air (prevention & control of pollution) Act 1981 ACS Shalu Saraf
The document provides an overview of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 in India. It summarizes the history and objectives of the act, defines key terms, and outlines the roles and responsibilities of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards in enforcing the act. These include establishing air quality standards, monitoring emissions, conducting inspections, and developing programs to prevent and control air pollution. The act grants powers to central and state governments to direct the boards and declares air pollution control areas to regulate burning and fuel/appliance usage.
the air (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1981 SURYAKANTVERMA2
The document summarizes the key aspects of The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 which was enacted to provide for the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution in India. It establishes Central and State Pollution Control Boards to regulate air pollution. The Act defines air pollution and related terms. It outlines the powers, functions and duties of the Central and State Boards for enforcing standards and regulations regarding emission of air pollutants from industries and vehicles. The Act also describes penalties for non-compliance and provisions for appeals.
The powerpoint presentation deals with the latest amendments in National Green Tribunal Act by the Finance Act, 2017 and critically analyzing some of the important aspects of the Act.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 in India. It discusses the objectives of the act to prevent and control air pollution. It outlines the roles and responsibilities of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards in enforcing the act. It also summarizes provisions regarding emissions standards, monitoring, penalties for non-compliance, and the responsibilities of industries and regulatory authorities under the act.
The document discusses the Pollution Control Board, its powers and functions regarding water and air pollution in India. It outlines that the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 and the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 established the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to prevent and control water and air pollution. The Central and State Boards are empowered to coordinate programs, issue standards, inspect plants, advise governments, and perform other functions related to pollution prevention.
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed in 1974 to prevent and control water pollution. It established legal bodies like the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to enforce its provisions. The Act defined water pollution and prohibited the pollution of streams, wells, and sewers. It also restricted new discharges of pollution without consent and gave powers to regulate and monitor existing discharges. Penalties were prescribed for violations of the Act.
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 provides the legal framework for regulating air pollution in India. It established the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to coordinate activities and enforce the provisions of the Act. The Act defines air pollution and pollutants, and sets standards for emissions from industries. It aims to prevent and control air pollution and maintain air quality. Central and State Boards are responsible for implementing the Act through monitoring, planning corrective measures, providing technical assistance and guidance, and imposing penalties on non-compliant industries.
Liability Insurance is available to protect you against liability arising out of any accident affecting any person(s) occurring while handling hazardous substances. Came into force on 01st April 1991
The National Green Tribunal Act 2010 enables the creation of a special tribunal to efficiently dispose of cases related to environmental issues. The Act aims to efficiently solve cases of environmental pollution by providing relief and compensation. Initially, the NGT will sit in 5 cities, including New Delhi as the principal location. It is the first tribunal of its kind mandated to apply the "polluter pays" principle and sustainable development. The NGT has jurisdiction over cases involving violations of environmental laws and orders issued under those laws.
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 was enacted by the Indian Parliament to provide for preventing and controlling water pollution and maintaining or restoring the wholesomeness of water. The Act established the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to monitor Indian water bodies. It prohibits the discharge of pollutants into water bodies beyond a certain limit and defines the powers and functions of various authorities to regulate and ensure water quality standards. The Act was amended in 1988 to include provisions for controlling pollution from sewage and industrial effluent.
This document provides the arrangement of sections and chapters of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 in India. The Act establishes the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to prevent and control water pollution. Key points include:
- It establishes the Central and State Boards to exercise powers to prevent and control water pollution.
- The Central Board consists of a chairman, government officials, State Board members, and representatives of agriculture/industry.
- State Boards also consist of a chairman, government officials, local authority members, and representatives of interests in the state.
- The Boards are empowered to perform functions like coordinating water quality monitoring,
This document discusses the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981. It provides definitions of key terms like "air pollution" and outlines the constitution and roles of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards, which were established to enforce the Act. The Act aims to prevent, control, and reduce air pollution in India by establishing these regulatory bodies at the central and state levels with powers and duties around air pollution management and regulation.
The document summarizes key aspects of air pollution and the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 in India. It discusses how the Act was implemented to control pollution and established regulatory bodies like the Central and State Pollution Control Boards. It also outlines enforcement measures, penalties for violations, and standards introduced over time to regulate industrial and vehicle emissions. Statistics are presented showing high air pollution levels in urban areas like Delhi from industrialization and traffic. The lack of proper enforcement is also cited as undermining legal frameworks and standards.
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)Act, 1981KUSH VERMA
The document discusses various acts related to air pollution control in India. It summarizes:
1) The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 provides for controlling and abating air pollution in India and entrusts enforcement powers to state pollution control boards.
2) The Environment (Protection) Act of 1986 aims to protect and improve the environment in India and prevent all forms of environmental pollution. It provides a framework for setting pollution control standards and handling hazardous materials.
3) Other acts discussed include the Factories Act of 1948 on workplace environments, Motor Vehicles Act of 1988 on transporting hazardous waste, and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Amendment Act of 1987
I’m professional presentation maker . These presentations are for sale for 20$ each, if required you can contact me on my gmail id bestpptmaker@gmail.com and you can also suggest me topics for your required presentations
The document discusses environmental policies and legislation in India. It defines environment according to the Environmental Protection Act of 1986. It outlines some key Indian policies related to the environment like the National Forest Policy of 1988. It also lists many statutes and legislations enacted in India for environmental protection, such as the Water Prevention and Control of Pollution Act of 1974, Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Act of 1981, and Environment Protection Act of 1986. It provides details on the Water and Air Acts, including their objectives, functions of related boards, penalties for non-compliance, and limitations. It also presents a case study on the Sterlite copper plant in Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu regarding refusal to renew its consent to operate.
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)Act, 1981KUSH VERMA
This document summarizes Indian laws related to air pollution control and prevention. It outlines several key acts: the Factories Act of 1948 which addressed worker health and safety; the Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Acts of 1981 and 1987 which established central and state pollution control boards; and others addressing radioactive waste, motor vehicle emissions, and more. It also describes the roles and powers of the central and state pollution control boards in enforcing standards, conducting inspections, and preventing and controlling air pollution in India.
Constitutional provisions for environmental protectionKiran Prasad Naik
The document discusses the evolution of environmental protection provisions in the Indian constitution. It notes that initially the constitution did not have explicit environmental protection provisions. However, provisions like Article 47 implied the need for a pollution-free environment. The 1972 Stockholm Conference raised awareness of environmental issues globally. In response, India introduced Articles 48A and 51A(g) in 1976 to mandate environmental protection as a directive principle and fundamental duty. Further amendments expanded legislative powers to enact environmental laws and assigned environmental roles to local governments. The judiciary has also interpreted fundamental rights like right to life to include the right to a healthy environment. Overall, the constitution has been amended over time to strengthen environmental governance in India.
Background, Legislative Intent, Article 253 of Indian Constitution, International Obligations, Scope & Object of the Act, Definitions, Bodies Constituted under the Act for enforcement, Functions & Powers & Duties of Central & State Board, Powers of the State & Central, Responsibility of PERSONS,
Water (prevention control of pollution) act 1974Saurabh Negi
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 aims to prevent and control water pollution and maintain or restore water quality. It provides for the establishment of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to enforce the provisions of the act. These boards are empowered to establish water quality standards, license trade effluents, and oversee the implementation of measures to treat sewage and trade wastewater before discharge. The act defines water pollution and outlines penalties for violations to its provisions. Its goal is to ensure access to clean water resources through preventing, controlling, and reducing pollution from all sources.
In the wake of Bhopal tragedy, the Government of India enacted the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA) under article 253 of the constitution. The purpose of the Act is to act as an “umbrella” legislation designed to provide a frame work for Central government co-ordination of the activities of various central and state authorities established under previous laws, such as Water Act & Air Act. The potential scope of the Act is broad, with “environment” defined to include water, air and land and the inter-relationships which exist among water, air and land, and human beings and other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms and property. Environment protection rules were also enacted as a corollary to this Act.
Air (prevention & control of pollution) Act 1981 ACS Shalu Saraf
The document provides an overview of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 in India. It summarizes the history and objectives of the act, defines key terms, and outlines the roles and responsibilities of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards in enforcing the act. These include establishing air quality standards, monitoring emissions, conducting inspections, and developing programs to prevent and control air pollution. The act grants powers to central and state governments to direct the boards and declares air pollution control areas to regulate burning and fuel/appliance usage.
the air (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1981 SURYAKANTVERMA2
The document summarizes the key aspects of The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 which was enacted to provide for the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution in India. It establishes Central and State Pollution Control Boards to regulate air pollution. The Act defines air pollution and related terms. It outlines the powers, functions and duties of the Central and State Boards for enforcing standards and regulations regarding emission of air pollutants from industries and vehicles. The Act also describes penalties for non-compliance and provisions for appeals.
The powerpoint presentation deals with the latest amendments in National Green Tribunal Act by the Finance Act, 2017 and critically analyzing some of the important aspects of the Act.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 in India. It discusses the objectives of the act to prevent and control air pollution. It outlines the roles and responsibilities of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards in enforcing the act. It also summarizes provisions regarding emissions standards, monitoring, penalties for non-compliance, and the responsibilities of industries and regulatory authorities under the act.
The document discusses the Pollution Control Board, its powers and functions regarding water and air pollution in India. It outlines that the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 and the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 established the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to prevent and control water and air pollution. The Central and State Boards are empowered to coordinate programs, issue standards, inspect plants, advise governments, and perform other functions related to pollution prevention.
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed in 1974 to prevent and control water pollution. It established legal bodies like the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to enforce its provisions. The Act defined water pollution and prohibited the pollution of streams, wells, and sewers. It also restricted new discharges of pollution without consent and gave powers to regulate and monitor existing discharges. Penalties were prescribed for violations of the Act.
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 provides the legal framework for regulating air pollution in India. It established the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to coordinate activities and enforce the provisions of the Act. The Act defines air pollution and pollutants, and sets standards for emissions from industries. It aims to prevent and control air pollution and maintain air quality. Central and State Boards are responsible for implementing the Act through monitoring, planning corrective measures, providing technical assistance and guidance, and imposing penalties on non-compliant industries.
Liability Insurance is available to protect you against liability arising out of any accident affecting any person(s) occurring while handling hazardous substances. Came into force on 01st April 1991
The National Green Tribunal Act 2010 enables the creation of a special tribunal to efficiently dispose of cases related to environmental issues. The Act aims to efficiently solve cases of environmental pollution by providing relief and compensation. Initially, the NGT will sit in 5 cities, including New Delhi as the principal location. It is the first tribunal of its kind mandated to apply the "polluter pays" principle and sustainable development. The NGT has jurisdiction over cases involving violations of environmental laws and orders issued under those laws.
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 was enacted by the Indian Parliament to provide for preventing and controlling water pollution and maintaining or restoring the wholesomeness of water. The Act established the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to monitor Indian water bodies. It prohibits the discharge of pollutants into water bodies beyond a certain limit and defines the powers and functions of various authorities to regulate and ensure water quality standards. The Act was amended in 1988 to include provisions for controlling pollution from sewage and industrial effluent.
This document provides the arrangement of sections and chapters of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 in India. The Act establishes the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to prevent and control water pollution. Key points include:
- It establishes the Central and State Boards to exercise powers to prevent and control water pollution.
- The Central Board consists of a chairman, government officials, State Board members, and representatives of agriculture/industry.
- State Boards also consist of a chairman, government officials, local authority members, and representatives of interests in the state.
- The Boards are empowered to perform functions like coordinating water quality monitoring,
This document discusses the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981. It provides definitions of key terms like "air pollution" and outlines the constitution and roles of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards, which were established to enforce the Act. The Act aims to prevent, control, and reduce air pollution in India by establishing these regulatory bodies at the central and state levels with powers and duties around air pollution management and regulation.
This document is the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 which established the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards in India to prevent and control water pollution. Key points:
1) It establishes the Central Pollution Control Board at the national level and State Pollution Control Boards at the state level to regulate water pollution.
2) The boards are given powers to enforce water pollution control measures and maintain water quality standards.
3) It applies initially to 12 states and union territories that adopted the law, and allows other states to adopt it through legislative resolutions.
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 was enacted to provide a uniform law across India for preventing and controlling water pollution. It established Central and State Pollution Control Boards to regulate water pollution. The Act gives these boards powers to collect information, inspect areas, establish water quality standards, and enforce penalties for polluting water bodies. The objective is to promote clean water and preserve water resources in India.
This document outlines the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 which was enacted by the Parliament of India. The key points are:
1) The Act provides for the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution in India and establishes boards to carry out these purposes.
2) It implements the decisions of the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment to preserve air quality and control air pollution.
3) The Act constitutes a Central Board for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution and State Boards in each state/union territory to exercise powers related to air pollution prevention. The boards are responsible for regulating and managing air quality.
Air (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1981Leo Lukose
The document is the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 from India. It establishes the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to prevent and control air pollution across India. The boards are given powers to regulate air pollution from industries, vehicles and other sources. The act defines key terms like air pollution, emissions and establishes rules for the composition, terms and operation of the Central and State boards.
THE AIR (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981Envirocademy
ugc net environmental science, envirocademy,
An Act to provide for the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution, for the establishment, with a
view to carrying out the aforesaid purposes, of Boards, for conferring on and assigning to such Boards
powers and functions relating thereto and for matters connected therewith.
WHEREAS decisions were taken at the United Nations Conference on the Hum an Environment held in
Stockholm in June, 1972, in which India participated, to take appropriate steps for the preservation of the
natural resources of the earth which, among other things, include the preservation of the quality of air and
control of air pollution;
AND WHEREAS it is considered necessary to implement the decisions aforesaid in so far as they relate
to the preservation of the quality of air and control of air pollution;
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 was India's first law enacted by Parliament to provide a uniform framework for the prevention and control of water pollution. The key objectives of the Act were to establish a Central Pollution Control Board at the national level and corresponding State Pollution Control Boards to monitor and enforce water pollution controls. The Act grants powers to these boards to regulate and monitor industrial and municipal water pollution, collect data on water quality, and promote cleanliness of water bodies. It also defines penalties for non-compliance with the water pollution control provisions.
OBJECTIVE - Prevention, Control and abetment of air-pollution through the Air Pollution and Control Boards.
APPLICABILITY - Whole of India
AIR POLLUTION - Presence of any air pollutant in the atmosphere.
Section-2(b)
The first measure to control pollution was the Water Act, 1974.
After seven years of gap government further realized that there is air pollution as well and for that purpose, the government enacted the Air Act, 1981.
This document is an Assembly Constitutional Amendment introduced in the California legislature that proposes several amendments to the state constitution regarding meetings of the legislature. Specifically, it requires 72 hours advance notice of meeting agendas, public disclosure of documents provided to members regarding agenda items, and opportunities for public comment at committee meetings. It also requires bills to be printed and distributed to members 24 hours before a vote. If approved by the legislature and voters, these changes would amend sections of the state constitution dealing with public access to government meetings and legislative procedures.
This document summarizes the Forest (Conservation) Act of 1980 and subsequent amendments made in 1988. The key points are:
1. The Act prohibits the state government from clearing forest land or allowing non-forest use without approval from the central government.
2. It establishes a committee to advise the central government on proposals for forest land diversion and other forest conservation matters.
3. Violations of the Act are punishable by fines, and officials can be held responsible for offenses committed under their authority.
The Act aims to conserve India's forests by placing controls on deforestation and non-forest use of forest lands.
AIR (pollution prevention & control)ACT, 1981ketan349068
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 was enacted in India to address rising air pollution issues from factors such as improper industrial practices and environmental conditions. It established a Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to regulate air pollution. The boards are empowered to declare air pollution control areas, prohibit fuels that cause pollution, issue directions on emission standards, and plan and execute air pollution prevention programs. The Act also defined key terms around air pollution and outlines the roles and responsibilities of the central and state pollution control boards.
The bhopal gas leak disaster(processing of claims) act, 1985Leo Lukose
This document is the Bhopal Gas Leak Disaster (Processing of Claims) Act of 1985 passed by the Indian Parliament. It grants powers to the central government to represent all claimants affected by the 1984 Bhopal gas tragedy in legal proceedings to ensure claims are addressed effectively and equitably. Key aspects include the central government exclusively representing over 200,000 claimants, framing a scheme to register and process claims, and establishing a commissioner role to administer the scheme and provide assistance to victims.
The bhopal gas leak disaster(processing of claims) act, 1985Leo Lukose
This document is the Bhopal Gas Leak Disaster (Processing of Claims) Act of 1985 passed by the Indian Parliament. It grants powers to the central government to represent all claimants affected by the 1984 Bhopal gas tragedy in legal proceedings to ensure claims are addressed effectively and equitably. Key aspects include appointing a commissioner to oversee claims, allowing claimants legal representation, and framing a scheme for registering, processing and disbursing funds to claimants through a dedicated fund.
This document is an ordinance from 1961 establishing the Khulna Development Authority in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) to oversee development projects in the town of Khulna and surrounding areas. It outlines the establishment of the Authority as a governing body and defines its powers and responsibilities, which include preparing a Master Plan for development, acquiring land, demolishing or constructing buildings, and rehousing displaced persons. It also covers the Authority's membership, procedures for conducting business, and contracting and financial matters.
This Supreme Court case concerns two manufacturing companies, Pahwa Plastics Pvt. Ltd. and Apcolite Polymers Pvt. Ltd., that operate plastic and chemical plants in Haryana, India. The companies were granted consent by the Haryana State Pollution Control Board to establish and operate their plants. However, the National Green Tribunal subsequently ruled that establishments without prior environmental clearance could not operate. The key legal question is whether establishments with the required consents that apply for later environmental clearance can continue operating while awaiting a clearance decision.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Cyber Appellate Tribunal (CYAT) established under the Information Technology Act:
1) CYAT hears appeals on orders passed by the Controller or adjudicating officers. It has a Chairperson and other members appointed by the central government in consultation with the Chief Justice of India.
2) CYAT consists of benches that can be constituted by the Chairperson to sit in New Delhi and other specified places. The Chairperson can transfer cases and members between benches.
3) Appeals must be filed within 45 days of the original order, though CYAT can condone delays. It aims to dispose appeals within 6 months without following civil procedure codes. High Court is the appellate
20. water (prevention and control of pollution) cess act, 1977Naman Verma
This document outlines the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act of 1977 in India. The key points are:
1) The Act provides for the levy and collection of a cess on water consumed by certain industries and local authorities. The cess is used to augment the resources of pollution control boards.
2) The cess is payable by specified industries and local authorities based on their water consumption. It is collected and credited to government funds to be appropriated to pollution control boards.
3) Provisions include metering of water use, assessment and collection of cess, penalties for non-compliance, and appeals procedures. The rules cover various operational details of levying and managing the cess
Section 133 of the Criminal Procedure Code allows magistrates to issue conditional orders to remove public nuisances. The Supreme Court of India has used this section innovatively to address environmental problems by ordering local authorities to implement drainage systems and remedy other issues causing public nuisance. While Section 133 grants broad powers, magistrates must ensure conditions are met like a considerable number of people being affected and it being an issue of great emergency or imminent danger before issuing orders. Case law has established stockpiling materials and noise/smell pollution can constitute public nuisances addressed under this section.
This document outlines sections 25-32 of Article VI of the constitution regarding appropriations, the budget process, taxation, and the powers of congress and the president related to passing laws. Key points include:
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- The president can veto entire bills or specific items within appropriation, revenue, or tariff bills. Vetoes can be overridden by a two-thirds majority in both houses.
- Congress will establish a progressive tax system and may authorize the president to set tariff rates and quotas. Certain charitable and religious institutions
Similar to Water (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1974 (20)
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2. Object and Scope
An Act to provide for the levy and collection of a cess on
water consumed by persons carrying on certain industries
and by local authorities, with a view to increase the
resources of the Central Board and the State Boards for the
prevention and control of water pollution constituted under
the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu
and Kashmir.
3. Definitions
Sec. 2 (g) “sewage effluent” means effluent from any sewerage
system or sewage disposal works and includes sullage from open
drains.
Sec. 2 (gg) “sewer” means any conduit pipe or channel, open or
closed, carrying sewage or trade effluent.
Sec. 2 (h) “State Board” means a State Pollution Control Board
constituted under section 4
Sec. 2 (i) “State Government” in relation to a Union territory
means the Administrator thereof appointed under article 239 of
the Constitution.
Sec. 2 (j) “stream” includes—
(i) river;
(ii) water course (whether flowing or for the time being dry);
(iii) inland water (whether natural or artificial);
(iv) sub- terranean waters;
4. Definitions
Sec. 2 (a) “Board” means the Central Board or a State Board.
Sec. 2 (b) “Central Board” means the Central Pollution Control Board
constituted under section 3.
Sec. 2 (c) “member” means a member of a Board and includes the
chairman thereof.
Sec. 2 (dd) “outlet” includes any conduit pipe or channel, open or
closed, carrying sewage or trade effluent or any other holding
arrangement which causes, or is likely to cause, pollution.
Sec. 2 (e) “pollution” means such contamination of water or such
alteration of the physical, chemical or biological properties of water or
such discharge of any sewage or trade effluent or of any other liquid,
gaseous or solid substance into water (whether directly or indirectly)
as may, or is likely to, create a nuisance or render such water harmful
or injurious to public health or safety, or to domestic, commercial,
industrial, agricultural or other legitimate uses, or to the life and health
of animals or plants or of aquatic organisms.
6. .
Central Board and state board
Vacation of seats by members (sec. 7)- If a member of a
Board becomes subject to any of the disqualifications
specified in section 6, his seat shall become vacant.
Meetings of Boards (sec. 8)- A Board shall meet at least
once in every 3 months and shall observe such rules of
procedure in regard to the transaction of business at its
meetings as may be prescribed: Provided that if, in the
opinion of the chairman, any business of an urgent nature is
to be transacted, he may convene a meeting of the Board at
such time as he thinks fit for the aforesaid purpose
7. .
Constitution of Committees (sec. 9):
(1) A Board may constitute as many committees consisting
wholly of members or wholly of other persons or partly of
members and partly of other persons, and for such purpose or
purposes as it may think fit.
(2) A committee constituted under this section shall meet at
such time and at such place, and shall observe such rules of
procedure in regard to the transaction of business at its
meetings, as may be prescribed.
(3) The members of a committee (other than the members of
Board) shall be paid such fees and allowances, for attending its
meetings and for attending to any other work of the Board as
may be prescribed.
8. . Temporary association of persons with Board for
particular purposes (Sec. 10)-
(1) A Board may associate with itself in such manner, and for such
purposes, as may be prescribed any person whose assistance or advice
it may desire to obtain in performing any of its functions under this
Act.
(2) A person associated with the Board under sub-section (1) for any
purpose shall have a right to take part in the discussions of the Board
relevant to that purpose, but shall not have a right to vote at a meeting
of the Board, and shall not be a member for any other purpose.
(3) A person associated with the Board under sub-section (1) for any
purpose shall be paid such fees and allowances, for attending its
meetings and for attending to any other work of the Board, as may be
prescribed.
9. . Vacancy in Board not to invalidate acts or proceedings
(Sec.11) - No act or proceeding of a Board or any committee
thereof shall be called in question on the ground merely of
the existence of any vacancy in or, any defect in the
constitution of, the Board of such committee, as the case may
be.
Delegation of power to chairman (Sec.11A) - The
chairman of a Board shall exercise such powers and perform
such duties as may be prescribed or as may, from time to
time, be delegated to him by the Board.
10. . Constitution of Joint Board (sec. 13)
(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, an
agreement may be entered into –
(a) by two or more Governments of contiguous States,
(b) by the Central Government (in respect of one or more Union
territories) and one or more Governments of State contiguous to
such Union territory or Union territories, to be in force for such
period and to be subject to renewal for such further period if any,
as may be specified in the agreement to provide for the
constitution of a Joint Board,-
(i) in a case referred to in clause (a), for all the participating
States, and
(ii) in a case referred to in clause (b), for the participating Union
territory or Union territories and the State or States.
11. .
Special Provision relating to giving of directions
(sec. 15)
Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act where
any Joint Board is constituted under section 13,-
(a) the Government of the State for which the Joint
Board is constituted shall be competent to give any
direction under this Act only in cases where such
direction relates to a matter within the exclusive
territorial jurisdiction of the State;
(b) the Central Government alone shall be competent to
give any direction under this Act where such direction
relates to a matter within the territorial jurisdiction of
two or more States or pertaining to a Union territory
13. PREVENTION AND CONTROL
OF WATER POLLUTION
Power State Government to restrict the application of the Act to
certain areas (section 19)
Power to obtain information (section 20)
Power to take samples of effluents and procedures to be followed in
connection therewith (section 21)
Reports of the results of analysis on samples taken under section 21
(section 22)
Power of entry and inspection (section 23)
Prohibition on use of stream or well for disposal of polluting matter
(section 24)
Restrictions on new outlets and new discharges (section 25)
Provision regarding existing discharge of sewage or trade effluent
(section 26)
Refusal or withdrawal of consent State Board (section 27)
14. . Appeals (section 28)
Any person aggrieved by an order made by the State
Board under section 25, section 26 or section 27 may
within 30 days from the date on which the order is
communicated to him, prefer an appeal to such
authority (hereinafter referred to as the appellate
authority) as the State Government may think fit to
constitute.
An appellate authority shall consist of a single person or
three persons as the State Government may think fit, to
be appointed by that Government.
The fees payable for such appeal and the procedure to
be followed by the appellate authority shall be such as
may be prescribed.
15. .
Appeal (section 28)
The appellate authority shall, after giving the appellant and the State
Board any opportunity of being heard, dispose of the appeal as
expeditiously as possible. If the appellate authority determines that any
condition imposed, or the variation of any condition, as the case may
be, was unreasonable, then,-
(a) where the appeal is in respect of the unreasonableness of any
condition imposed, such authority may direct either that the condition
shall be treated as annulled or that there shall be substituted for it such
condition as appears to it to be reasonable;
(b) where the appeal is in respect of the unreasonableness of any
variation of a condition, such authority may direct either that the
condition shall be treated as continuing in force unvaried or that it
shall be varied in such manner as appears to it to be reasonable.
16. .
Revision (section 29)
Power of State to carry out certain works (section
30)
Furnishing of information to State Board and other
agencies in certain cases (section 31)
Emergency measures in case of pollution of stream
or well (section 32)
Power of Board to make application to courts for
restraining apprehended pollution of water in
streams or wells (section 33)
18. .
Contribution by Central Government (sec. 34): The
Central Government may after due appropriation made by
Parliament by law in this behalf, make in each financial year
such contributions to the Central Board as it may think
necessary to enable the Board to perform its functions under
this Act.
Contributions by State Government (sec. 35): The State
Government may, after due appropriation made by the
Legislature of the State by law in this behalf, make in each
financial year such contributions to the State Board as it may
think necessary to enable that Board to perform its functions
under this
19. .
Borrowing powers of Board (sec. 37A)- A Board may, with the
consent of, or in accordance with, the terms of any general or
special authority given to it by the Central Government or, as the
case may be, the State Government, borrow money from any
source by way of loans or issue of bonds, debentures or such
other instruments, as it may deem fit, for the performance of all
or any of its functions under this Act.
Budget (sec. 38)- The Central Board or, as the case may be, the
State Board shall, during each financial year, prepare, in such
form and at such time as may be prescribed, a budget in respect
of the financial year next ensuing showing the estimated receipt
and expenditure, and copies thereof shall be forwarded to the
Central Government, or as the case may be,
20. .
Accounts and Audit (sec. 40)
(1) Every Board shall maintain proper accounts and other
relevant records and prepare an annual statement of accounts
in such form as may be prescribed by the Central Government
or, as the case may be, the State Government.
(2) The accounts of the Board shall be audited by an auditor
duly qualified to act as an auditor of companies under section
226 of the Companies Act, 1956.
(3) The said auditor shall be appointed by the Central
Government or, as the case may be, the State Government on
the advice of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
(5) Every such auditor shall send a copy of his report together
with an audited copy of the accounts to the Central
Government or, as the case may be, the State Government.
(6) The Central Government shall, as soon as may be after the
receipt of the audit report under sub-section (5), cause the
same to be laid before both Houses of Parliament.
22. .
Section penalty
Section 41 For
noncompliance
of:
1.) Sec. 20(b)/(c) 3 months or Rs.10,000
or both (add. Fine Rs.
5000/day)
2.) Sec. 32(1)(c)/
33(2)/33A
From 1 ½ years to 6 years
and fine (additional fine
Rs. 5000/ day)
3.) Sec. 41(2) 2 to 7 years for failure
continue beyond 1 year
Section 42: penalty for certain act 3 months or Rs.10,000 or both
Section 43: Penalty for contravention of
provisions of section 24
From 1 ½ years to 6 years and fine
Section 44: Penalty for c
ontravention of section 25 or section 26
From 2 years to 6 years and fine
Section 45: Enhanced penalty after
previous conviction
From 1 ½ years to 6 years and fine