class presentation

1. Saadia Maryam Saadi.
Roll # 002
4th Semester (Morning)
Biochemistry and
Biotechnology

2. Porphyria is refer to a group of disorders
that result in a buildup of chemicals called
porphyrins in body.
 It is due to the disorder of
certain enzymes involved in
synthesis of heme.
 Manifest with either neurological complications
or skin
problems or occasionally both.
.

3.  Porphyrins have no useful function and
act as highly reactive oxidants damaging
tissues.
 The term "porphyria" is derived from the
Greek word porphyra, meaning "purple
pigment". The name is likely to have
been a reference to the purple
discolouration of feces and urine when
exposed to light.

4.  Porphyria is classified as either
Hepatic and Erythropoietic depending on the
primary site of accumulation of their respective
porphyrins. and
 Acute or cutaneous on the basis of their clinical
manifestations.
 Acute porphyria:-
 primarily affect the nervous system.
 Causes abdominal pain, vomiting, acute
neuropathy, mental disturbance and seizures.

5.  Cutaneous porphyria:-
 Primarily affects the skin
 Causes photosensitivity,
blisters, necrosis of the skin
and gums, itching, swelling
& increased hair growth.
Furthur TYPES of Porphyria:
There are eight enzymes in heme biosynthesis.
Defect in any of these cause porphyria. Acute
and cutaneous porphyria is further classified
on the basis of enzyme dysfunctional.

7.  Most porphyrias are inherited.
 Some are acquired disorders e.g. cutanea tarda.
 Porphyria can be triggered by
 Drugs like tranquilizers, birth control pills,
sedatives.
 Drinking alcohol, specially heavy drinking.
 excess iron in the body.
 emotional and physical stress.
 menstrual hormones.
 exposure to the sun.

8.  Each type of porphyria is treated differently.
 Treatment may include avoiding triggers,
receiving heme through a vein.
 Gene therapy is also in practice.
 Lifestyle changes may also help to survive in
porphyria.

9.  Porphyria has been suggested as an explanation
for the origin of vampire and
werewolf legends, based upon certain perceived
similarities between the
condition and the folklore.

10.  People with severe porphyria are sensitive to
light, a character associated with VAMPIRES.
 In past one possible treatment for porphyria , is
thought, to drink blood. Another character
associated with VAMPIRES.
 One more character that gives sufferers the
association with VAMPIRES
is that the porphyric victims
skin is pale due to hemoglobin
deficiency in the blood.
BUT
Vampires are only in fictional stories and
Porphyria is a reality.