SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 17
Download to read offline
Memimpin	
  Peningkatan	
  Mutu	
  dengan	
  
Pendekatan	
  Sistem	
  Mikro	
  Klinik	
  
dr.	
  Robertus	
  Arian	
  Datusanantyo,	
  M.P.H.	
  
Koleksi	
  Pribadi	
  –	
  Skrining	
  Katarak	
  di	
  Puskesmas	
  Ngulak,	
  Kab.	
  Musi	
  Banyuasin,	
  Sumsel	
  
Ilustrasi	
  Kasus	
  
•  Tn.	
  M	
  (18)	
  dan	
  Ny.	
  F	
  (18)	
  adalah	
  pasangan	
  
suami	
  istri	
  yang	
  menantikan	
  kelahiran	
  anak	
  
kembar.	
  
•  Saat	
  usia	
  cukup	
  bulan,	
  Ny.	
  F.	
  kejang	
  di	
  
rumah.	
  
•  Tn.	
  M.	
  membawa	
  istrinya	
  ke	
  bidan	
  praktek.	
  
•  Bidan	
  membawa	
  Ny.	
  F.	
  ke	
  Puskesmas.	
  
•  IGD	
  Puskesmas	
  memberikan	
  obat	
  anti	
  
kejang	
  dan	
  pasien	
  distabilkan,	
  30	
  menit	
  
kemudian	
  pasien	
  dirujuk	
  ke	
  RSUD.	
  
•  RSUD	
  tahu	
  bahwa	
  ada	
  ibu	
  hamil	
  cukup	
  
bulan	
  dengan	
  kejang	
  sedang	
  dalam	
  
perjalanan.	
  	
  
Ilustrasi	
  Kasus	
  (lanj.)	
  
•  Ny.	
  F.	
  datang	
  diantar	
  tim	
  Puskesmas	
  di	
  IGD	
  
RSUD.	
  
•  IGD	
  RSUD	
  segera	
  menyiapkan	
  operasi,	
  
melakukan	
  informed-­‐consent,	
  dan	
  
membereskan	
  syarat	
  Jampersal.	
  
•  Ny.	
  F	
  dioperasi	
  dan	
  anak	
  kembarnya	
  lahir	
  
sehat	
  walau	
  BBLR	
  (2300	
  dan	
  1800	
  gram).	
  
•  Ny.	
  F.	
  pulih	
  kesehatannya	
  dalam	
  perawatan	
  
di	
  RSUD	
  dan	
  pulang	
  dengan	
  kedua	
  anak	
  
dan	
  suaminya.	
  
•  Kisah	
  diinspirasi	
  dari:
http://klinik-­‐gratis.blogspot.com/2012/09/
hampir-­‐saja-­‐tak-­‐tertolong-­‐kasus-­‐near.html	
  
http://mentalfloss.com/sites/default/files/styles/article_640x430/public/95921224.jpg	
  
Pasien	
  
Kejang	
  di	
  
rumah	
  
Pasien	
  
dibawa	
  ke	
  
bidan	
  
praktek	
  
Pasien	
  
dibawa	
  ke	
  
Puskesmas	
  
Pasien	
  
distabilisasi	
  
di	
  
Puskesmas	
  
Pasien	
  
dikirim	
  ke	
  
RSUD	
  
Pasien	
  
distabilisasi	
  	
  
di	
  IGD	
  
RSUD	
  
Pasien	
  
dioperasi	
  di	
  
kamar	
  
bedah	
  
RSUD	
  
Pasien	
  
dirawat	
  di	
  
bangsal	
  
RSUD	
  
Pasien	
  
pulang	
  
Pelayanan	
  kepada	
  pasien	
  dikerjakan	
  pada	
  sistem	
  
mikro	
  klinik	
  (clinical	
  microsystem)	
  yang	
  secara	
  
bersama-­‐sama	
  membentuk	
  sistem	
  pelayanan	
  
kesehatan	
  yang	
  paripurna	
  dan	
  lengkap.	
  Lalu,	
  apakah	
  
sistem	
  mikro	
  klinik	
  itu?	
  
(Berwick	
  2002)	
  
Sistem	
  Mikro	
  Klinik	
  
1.  Tempat	
  pertemuan	
  pasien	
  (&	
  keluarga)	
  dengan	
  
tim	
  pelayanan	
  kesehatan.	
  
2.  Garda	
  depan	
  pelayanan	
  kesehatan.	
  
3.  Tempat	
  dilakukannya	
  pelayanan,	
  sekaligus:	
  
1.  Tempat	
  keajaiban	
  pelayanan	
  terjadi,	
  
2.  Tempat	
  kesalahan	
  tragis	
  terjadi.	
  
4.  Melibatkan:	
  
1.  Pasien,	
  keluarga,	
  pemberi	
  layanan,	
  
2.  Proses,	
  pola:	
  budaya	
  kerja,	
  aliran	
  informasi,	
  
hasil	
  pelayanan.	
  
(Nelson	
  et	
  al	
  2007)	
  
Clinical	
  Microsystem	
  
A	
  clinical	
  microsystem	
  is	
  a	
  small	
  group	
  of	
  people	
  who	
  
work	
  together	
  on	
  a	
  regular	
  basis	
  to	
  provide	
  care	
  to	
  
discrete	
  subpopulations	
  of	
  patients.	
  It	
  has	
  clinical	
  and	
  
business	
  aims,	
  linked	
  processes,	
  and	
  a	
  shared	
  
information	
  environment,	
  and	
  it	
  produces	
  
performance	
  outcomes.	
  Microsystems	
  evolve	
  over	
  
time	
  and	
  are	
  often	
  embedded	
  in	
  larger	
  organizations.	
  
They	
  are	
  complex	
  adaptive	
  systems,	
  and	
  as	
  such	
  they	
  
must	
  do	
  the	
  primary	
  work	
  associated	
  with	
  core	
  aims,	
  
meet	
  the	
  needs	
  of	
  their	
  members,	
  and	
  maintain	
  
themselves	
  over	
  time	
  as	
  clinical	
  units.	
  	
  
(Nelson	
  et	
  al	
  2007)	
  
Fisiologi	
  Sistem	
  Mikro	
  Klinik	
  
(Nelson	
  et	
  al	
  2008)	
  
(Nelson	
  et	
  al	
  2002)	
  
Leadership.	
  Roles:	
  
1.  Maintain	
  constancy	
  
of	
  purpose;	
  
2.  Establish	
  clear	
  goals;	
  
3.  Foster	
  positive	
  
culture;	
  
4.  Advocate	
  for	
  the	
  
microsystem	
  in	
  the	
  
larger	
  organization.	
  
Process	
  
Improvement.	
  	
  
1.  Continuous	
  
monitoring	
  of	
  care;	
  
2.  Use	
  of	
  
benchmarking;	
  
3.  Frequent	
  test	
  of	
  
change;	
  
4.  Staff	
  empowerement	
  
to	
  innovation.	
  
Memimpin	
  Sistem	
  Mikro	
  Klinik	
  
Building	
  Knowledge	
  
Basic	
  structural	
  characteristic	
  of	
  clinical	
  microsystem;	
  
Processes,	
  unwanted	
  variation	
  &	
  method.	
  	
  
Taking	
  Action	
  
Having	
  specific	
  processes	
  for	
  making	
  things	
  happen;	
  Involves	
  taking	
  action	
  
on	
  the	
  patterns	
  of	
  work	
  to	
  promote	
  the	
  cooperative	
  functioning	
  of	
  the	
  
whole	
  group	
  of	
  people	
  and	
  to	
  recognize	
  members’	
  interdependence.	
  	
  
Reviewing	
  and	
  Reflecting	
  
Creating	
  a	
  structure	
  for	
  reflection;	
  Having	
  a	
  process	
  for	
  honestly	
  asking	
  “Is	
  
the	
  work	
  getting	
  done?”	
  and	
  “Is	
  there	
  a	
  good	
  match	
  between	
  the	
  needs	
  of	
  
the	
  beneficiaries	
  and	
  our	
  work	
  outputs?”	
  	
  	
  
(Batalden	
  et	
  al	
  2003)	
  
“Plan	
  –	
  Do	
  –	
  Study	
  –	
  Act”	
  Cycle	
  
Plan	
  
Objective;	
  
Questions	
  and	
  
predictions;	
  Plan	
  to	
  
carry	
  out	
  the	
  cycle.	
  
Do	
  
Carry	
  out	
  the	
  plan;	
  
Document	
  problems	
  
&	
  unexpected	
  
observations;	
  Begin	
  
data	
  analysis.	
  
Study	
  
Complete	
  data	
  
analysis;	
  Compare	
  
data	
  to	
  predictions;	
  
Summarize	
  what	
  
was	
  learned.	
  
Act	
  
What	
  changes	
  
are	
  to	
  be	
  made;	
  
Next	
  cycle?	
  
(Nelson	
  et	
  al	
  2007)	
  
“Standardize	
  –	
  Do	
  –	
  Study	
  –	
  Act”	
  Cycle	
  
Standar-­‐	
  
dize	
  
How	
  shall	
  we	
  
standardize	
  the	
  process	
  
&	
  embed	
  it	
  in	
  daily	
  
work?;	
  What	
  type	
  of	
  
environment	
  can	
  
support	
  
standardization?	
  
Do	
  
What	
  are	
  we	
  
learning	
  as	
  we	
  do	
  
the	
  
standardization?;	
  
Any	
  problem	
  or	
  
surprises?	
  
Study	
  
What	
  have	
  we	
  
learned?;	
  What	
  do	
  
the	
  measures	
  show?;	
  
Are	
  there	
  needs	
  for	
  
change?	
  
Act	
  
Do	
  we	
  need	
  to	
  
modify	
  the	
  
standardization?;	
  
Design	
  new	
  PDSA.	
  
(Nelson	
  et	
  al	
  2007)	
  
Menulis	
  Refleksi	
  
1.  Deskripsi	
  
1.  Apa	
  yang	
  terjadi?	
  
2.  Apa	
  yang	
  diperiksa	
  /	
  diselidiki?	
  
2.  Interpretasi	
  
1.  Apa	
  yang	
  penting/relevan/
bermanfaat?	
  
2.  Bagaimana	
  menjelaskannya	
  
dengan	
  teori?	
  
3.  Apa	
  yang	
  sama	
  dan	
  berbeda?	
  
3.  Luaran	
  
1.  Apa	
  yang	
  telah	
  dipelajari?	
  
2.  Apa	
  kepentingannya	
  untuk	
  masa	
  
depan?	
  
(Hampton	
  2010)	
  
http://th09.deviantart.net/fs70/PRE/i/2009/352/b/b/Black_Mirror_girl_by_JeDavid.jpg
Kesimpulan	
  
1.  Penting	
  untuk	
  mengenali	
  tempat	
  pelayanan	
  
kesehatan	
  sebagai	
  mikro	
  sistem	
  klinik.	
  
2.  Pendekatan	
  mikro	
  sistem	
  klinik	
  dapat	
  digunakan	
  
untuk	
  peningkatan	
  mutu.	
  
3.  Memimpin	
  peningkatan	
  mutu	
  di	
  sistem	
  mikro	
  
klinik	
  memerlukan	
  strategi.	
  
4.  Siklus	
  PDCA	
  –	
  eksperimen.	
  
5.  Siklus	
  SDSA	
  –	
  standarisasi.	
  
http://www.ledneonsolutions.co.uk	
  
Referensi	
  
•  Batalden,	
  P.B.,	
  Nelson,	
  E.C.,	
  Mohr,	
  J.J.,	
  Godfrey	
  M.M.,	
  Huber,	
  T.P.,	
  
Kosnik,	
  L.,	
  Ashling,	
  K.,	
  2003.	
  Microsystems	
  in	
  Health	
  Care:	
  Part	
  5.	
  
How	
  Leaders	
  Are	
  Leading.	
  The	
  Joint	
  Commission	
  Journal	
  on	
  Quality	
  
and	
  Patient	
  Safety,	
  29(6),	
  pp.297-­‐308.	
  
•  Berwick,	
  D.,	
  2002.	
  A	
  user’s	
  manual	
  for	
  the	
  IOM's	
  “Quality	
  
Chasm”report.	
  Health	
  Affairs,	
  21(3),	
  pp.80–90.	
  	
  
•  Hampton	
  M.	
  2010.	
  Reflective	
  Writing:	
  	
  A	
  Basic	
  Introduction.	
  Available	
  
at:	
  
http://www.port.ac.uk/media/contacts-­‐and-­‐departments/student-­‐
support-­‐services/ask/downloads/Reflective-­‐writing-­‐-­‐-­‐a-­‐basic-­‐
introduction.pdf	
  
•  Nelson,	
  E.C.,	
  Batalden,	
  P.B.,	
  Huber,	
  T.P.,	
  Mohr,	
  J.J.,	
  Godfrey	
  M.M.,	
  
Headrick,	
  L.A.,	
  Wasson,	
  J.H.,	
  2002.	
  Microsystems	
  in	
  Health	
  Care:	
  Part	
  
1.	
  Learning	
  from	
  High-­‐Performing	
  Front-­‐Line	
  Clinical	
  Units.	
  The	
  Joint	
  
Commission	
  Journal	
  on	
  Quality	
  and	
  Patient	
  Safety,	
  28(9),	
  pp.472-­‐493.	
  
Referensi	
  
•  Nelson	
  EC,	
  Batalden	
  PB,	
  Godfrey	
  MM	
  (Ed.).	
  2007.	
  Quality	
  By	
  Design,	
  
A	
  Clinical	
  Microsystem	
  Approach.	
  San	
  Fransisco:	
  Jossey-­‐Bass.	
  
•  Nelson,	
  E.C.,	
  Godfrey,	
  M.M.,	
  Batalden,	
  P.B.,	
  Berry,	
  S.A.,	
  Bothe,	
  A.E.,	
  
McKinley,	
  K.E.,	
  Melin,	
  C.N.,	
  Muething,	
  S.E.,	
  Moore,	
  G.,	
  Wasson,	
  J.H.,	
  
Nolan,	
  T.W.,	
  2008.	
  Clinical	
  Microsystems,	
  Part	
  1.	
  The	
  Building	
  Blocks	
  
of	
  Health	
  Systems.	
  The	
  Joint	
  Commission	
  Journal	
  on	
  Quality	
  and	
  
Patient	
  Safety,	
  34(7),	
  pp.367-­‐378.	
  
Isi	
  materi	
  ini	
  adalah	
  opini	
  penulis	
  dan	
  tidak	
  otomatis	
  mencerminkan	
  pandangan	
  RS	
  Panti	
  
Rapih.	
  Penyusunan	
  materi	
  ini	
  menggunakan	
  perangkat	
  lunak	
  berlisensi	
  resmi	
  dan/atau	
  
yang	
  berjalan	
  native	
  di	
  atas	
  sistem	
  operasi	
  Mac	
  OS	
  X.	
  Materi	
  ini,	
  bersama	
  sumber	
  
pembelajaran	
  lain,	
  dapat	
  diunduh	
  gratis	
  di	
  http://slideshare.net/robertusarian.	
  	
  
Terima	
  Kasih	
  atas	
  Perhatiannya!	
  

More Related Content

What's hot

Positive Work Environments. Icn 09
Positive Work Environments. Icn 09Positive Work Environments. Icn 09
Positive Work Environments. Icn 09Sharon Weinstein
 
Clinicians Toolkit NSW Health
Clinicians Toolkit NSW HealthClinicians Toolkit NSW Health
Clinicians Toolkit NSW HealthRob Carruthers
 
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pai...
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pai...A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pai...
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pai...YogeshIJTSRD
 
CBI CV gasper stephen 1
CBI CV gasper stephen 1CBI CV gasper stephen 1
CBI CV gasper stephen 1GASPER STEPHEN
 
Osteoporosis guideline
Osteoporosis guidelineOsteoporosis guideline
Osteoporosis guidelineStingray67
 
Researh Process; Ice Massage
Researh Process; Ice MassageResearh Process; Ice Massage
Researh Process; Ice MassageJack Frost
 
Reflection
ReflectionReflection
Reflectionpaupow50
 
NHS staff experience, pop up uni, 10am, 3 september 2015
NHS staff experience, pop up uni, 10am, 3 september 2015NHS staff experience, pop up uni, 10am, 3 september 2015
NHS staff experience, pop up uni, 10am, 3 september 2015NHS England
 
Mchn report draft
Mchn report draftMchn report draft
Mchn report draftEilhamnm
 
Resume - Sharon 5-10-16
Resume - Sharon 5-10-16Resume - Sharon 5-10-16
Resume - Sharon 5-10-16Sharon Rock
 

What's hot (13)

1 kmb
1 kmb1 kmb
1 kmb
 
SURCA PosterLadwigLin
SURCA PosterLadwigLinSURCA PosterLadwigLin
SURCA PosterLadwigLin
 
Positive Work Environments. Icn 09
Positive Work Environments. Icn 09Positive Work Environments. Icn 09
Positive Work Environments. Icn 09
 
Clinicians Toolkit NSW Health
Clinicians Toolkit NSW HealthClinicians Toolkit NSW Health
Clinicians Toolkit NSW Health
 
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pai...
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pai...A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pai...
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pai...
 
CBI CV gasper stephen 1
CBI CV gasper stephen 1CBI CV gasper stephen 1
CBI CV gasper stephen 1
 
Osteoporosis guideline
Osteoporosis guidelineOsteoporosis guideline
Osteoporosis guideline
 
Researh Process; Ice Massage
Researh Process; Ice MassageResearh Process; Ice Massage
Researh Process; Ice Massage
 
Reflection
ReflectionReflection
Reflection
 
NHS staff experience, pop up uni, 10am, 3 september 2015
NHS staff experience, pop up uni, 10am, 3 september 2015NHS staff experience, pop up uni, 10am, 3 september 2015
NHS staff experience, pop up uni, 10am, 3 september 2015
 
Mchn report draft
Mchn report draftMchn report draft
Mchn report draft
 
Microsystem3
Microsystem3Microsystem3
Microsystem3
 
Resume - Sharon 5-10-16
Resume - Sharon 5-10-16Resume - Sharon 5-10-16
Resume - Sharon 5-10-16
 

Similar to Memimpin Peningkatan Mutu dengan Pendekatan Sistem Mikro Klinik

Comp10 unit8a lecture_slides
Comp10 unit8a lecture_slidesComp10 unit8a lecture_slides
Comp10 unit8a lecture_slidesCMDLMS
 
Lecture 6A
Lecture 6ALecture 6A
Lecture 6ACMDLMS
 
Pennine acute trust and aqua celebration event fiona thow
Pennine acute trust and aqua celebration event   fiona thowPennine acute trust and aqua celebration event   fiona thow
Pennine acute trust and aqua celebration event fiona thowNHS Improving Quality
 
Evidence based practice power
Evidence based practice powerEvidence based practice power
Evidence based practice powerMahmoud Shaqria
 
Innovations conference 2014 dr tracy robinson using a multidisciplinary pro...
Innovations conference 2014   dr tracy robinson using a multidisciplinary pro...Innovations conference 2014   dr tracy robinson using a multidisciplinary pro...
Innovations conference 2014 dr tracy robinson using a multidisciplinary pro...Cancer Institute NSW
 
Person-Centred Improvement - What Does it Look Like, and How Does it Fit with...
Person-Centred Improvement - What Does it Look Like, and How Does it Fit with...Person-Centred Improvement - What Does it Look Like, and How Does it Fit with...
Person-Centred Improvement - What Does it Look Like, and How Does it Fit with...KaiNexus
 
Cusp what is it how are we going to cause the next infection liza_deb
Cusp what is it how are we going to cause the next infection liza_debCusp what is it how are we going to cause the next infection liza_deb
Cusp what is it how are we going to cause the next infection liza_debasiu4quality
 
Rob Reid: Redesigning primary care: the Group Health journey
Rob Reid: Redesigning primary care: the Group Health journeyRob Reid: Redesigning primary care: the Group Health journey
Rob Reid: Redesigning primary care: the Group Health journeyThe King's Fund
 
Scope and significance of evidence based research in nursing practice27 5-20
Scope and significance of evidence based research in nursing practice27 5-20Scope and significance of evidence based research in nursing practice27 5-20
Scope and significance of evidence based research in nursing practice27 5-20Mallika Vhora
 
evidencebasedpracticen-190912083548.pptx
evidencebasedpracticen-190912083548.pptxevidencebasedpracticen-190912083548.pptx
evidencebasedpracticen-190912083548.pptxgemergencycare
 
Stetler model ppt latif sir (2)
Stetler model ppt latif sir (2)Stetler model ppt latif sir (2)
Stetler model ppt latif sir (2)RozinaShah2
 
4-Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is defined by the America
4-Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is defined by the America4-Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is defined by the America
4-Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is defined by the Americabartholomeocoombs
 
Evidence based practice
Evidence based practiceEvidence based practice
Evidence based practicepramod kumar
 

Similar to Memimpin Peningkatan Mutu dengan Pendekatan Sistem Mikro Klinik (20)

Comp10 unit8a lecture_slides
Comp10 unit8a lecture_slidesComp10 unit8a lecture_slides
Comp10 unit8a lecture_slides
 
Lecture 6A
Lecture 6ALecture 6A
Lecture 6A
 
Psychologists and Quality Improvement 3.pdf
Psychologists and Quality Improvement 3.pdfPsychologists and Quality Improvement 3.pdf
Psychologists and Quality Improvement 3.pdf
 
Pennine acute trust and aqua celebration event fiona thow
Pennine acute trust and aqua celebration event   fiona thowPennine acute trust and aqua celebration event   fiona thow
Pennine acute trust and aqua celebration event fiona thow
 
Evidence Based Practice
Evidence Based PracticeEvidence Based Practice
Evidence Based Practice
 
Evidence based practice power
Evidence based practice powerEvidence based practice power
Evidence based practice power
 
Innovations conference 2014 dr tracy robinson using a multidisciplinary pro...
Innovations conference 2014   dr tracy robinson using a multidisciplinary pro...Innovations conference 2014   dr tracy robinson using a multidisciplinary pro...
Innovations conference 2014 dr tracy robinson using a multidisciplinary pro...
 
Person-Centred Improvement - What Does it Look Like, and How Does it Fit with...
Person-Centred Improvement - What Does it Look Like, and How Does it Fit with...Person-Centred Improvement - What Does it Look Like, and How Does it Fit with...
Person-Centred Improvement - What Does it Look Like, and How Does it Fit with...
 
Cusp what is it how are we going to cause the next infection liza_deb
Cusp what is it how are we going to cause the next infection liza_debCusp what is it how are we going to cause the next infection liza_deb
Cusp what is it how are we going to cause the next infection liza_deb
 
Rob Reid: Redesigning primary care: the Group Health journey
Rob Reid: Redesigning primary care: the Group Health journeyRob Reid: Redesigning primary care: the Group Health journey
Rob Reid: Redesigning primary care: the Group Health journey
 
Scope and significance of evidence based research in nursing practice27 5-20
Scope and significance of evidence based research in nursing practice27 5-20Scope and significance of evidence based research in nursing practice27 5-20
Scope and significance of evidence based research in nursing practice27 5-20
 
Evidence-Based Practice
Evidence-Based PracticeEvidence-Based Practice
Evidence-Based Practice
 
G. Edrosolo CNL Poster2
G. Edrosolo CNL Poster2G. Edrosolo CNL Poster2
G. Edrosolo CNL Poster2
 
Ledelse av kvalitetsforbedringer Oslo, Norway
Ledelse av kvalitetsforbedringer Oslo, NorwayLedelse av kvalitetsforbedringer Oslo, Norway
Ledelse av kvalitetsforbedringer Oslo, Norway
 
evidencebasedpracticen-190912083548.pptx
evidencebasedpracticen-190912083548.pptxevidencebasedpracticen-190912083548.pptx
evidencebasedpracticen-190912083548.pptx
 
Magnet and Medical Librarians Webinar Slides - 9/18/2019
Magnet and Medical Librarians Webinar Slides - 9/18/2019 Magnet and Medical Librarians Webinar Slides - 9/18/2019
Magnet and Medical Librarians Webinar Slides - 9/18/2019
 
Stetler model ppt latif sir (2)
Stetler model ppt latif sir (2)Stetler model ppt latif sir (2)
Stetler model ppt latif sir (2)
 
The Saskatchewan Surgical Initiative: Lessons Learned
The Saskatchewan Surgical Initiative: Lessons LearnedThe Saskatchewan Surgical Initiative: Lessons Learned
The Saskatchewan Surgical Initiative: Lessons Learned
 
4-Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is defined by the America
4-Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is defined by the America4-Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is defined by the America
4-Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is defined by the America
 
Evidence based practice
Evidence based practiceEvidence based practice
Evidence based practice
 

More from Robertus Arian Datusanantyo

Pengantar Luka Akut untuk Mahasiwa Pendidikan Dokter (Pembaruan 2024)
Pengantar Luka Akut untuk Mahasiwa Pendidikan Dokter (Pembaruan 2024)Pengantar Luka Akut untuk Mahasiwa Pendidikan Dokter (Pembaruan 2024)
Pengantar Luka Akut untuk Mahasiwa Pendidikan Dokter (Pembaruan 2024)Robertus Arian Datusanantyo
 
Trauma Maksilofasial: Trauma Skeletal (Versi 2024).pdf
Trauma Maksilofasial: Trauma Skeletal (Versi 2024).pdfTrauma Maksilofasial: Trauma Skeletal (Versi 2024).pdf
Trauma Maksilofasial: Trauma Skeletal (Versi 2024).pdfRobertus Arian Datusanantyo
 
Cleft Lip and/or Palate: General Introduction (Versi 2024)
Cleft Lip and/or Palate: General Introduction (Versi 2024)Cleft Lip and/or Palate: General Introduction (Versi 2024)
Cleft Lip and/or Palate: General Introduction (Versi 2024)Robertus Arian Datusanantyo
 
Introduksi Bedah Plastik Rekonstruksi & Estetik (Versi 2024)
Introduksi Bedah Plastik Rekonstruksi & Estetik (Versi 2024)Introduksi Bedah Plastik Rekonstruksi & Estetik (Versi 2024)
Introduksi Bedah Plastik Rekonstruksi & Estetik (Versi 2024)Robertus Arian Datusanantyo
 
Pengantar Trauma Maksilofasial - Skeletal (Diperbarui 2023)
Pengantar Trauma Maksilofasial - Skeletal (Diperbarui 2023)Pengantar Trauma Maksilofasial - Skeletal (Diperbarui 2023)
Pengantar Trauma Maksilofasial - Skeletal (Diperbarui 2023)Robertus Arian Datusanantyo
 

More from Robertus Arian Datusanantyo (20)

Pengantar Luka Akut untuk Mahasiwa Pendidikan Dokter (Pembaruan 2024)
Pengantar Luka Akut untuk Mahasiwa Pendidikan Dokter (Pembaruan 2024)Pengantar Luka Akut untuk Mahasiwa Pendidikan Dokter (Pembaruan 2024)
Pengantar Luka Akut untuk Mahasiwa Pendidikan Dokter (Pembaruan 2024)
 
Luka Bakar: Sebuah Pengantar (Versi 2024)
Luka Bakar: Sebuah Pengantar (Versi 2024)Luka Bakar: Sebuah Pengantar (Versi 2024)
Luka Bakar: Sebuah Pengantar (Versi 2024)
 
Asesmen Klinis Trauma Tangan (Versi 2024)
Asesmen Klinis Trauma Tangan (Versi 2024)Asesmen Klinis Trauma Tangan (Versi 2024)
Asesmen Klinis Trauma Tangan (Versi 2024)
 
Trauma Maksilofasial: Trauma Skeletal (Versi 2024).pdf
Trauma Maksilofasial: Trauma Skeletal (Versi 2024).pdfTrauma Maksilofasial: Trauma Skeletal (Versi 2024).pdf
Trauma Maksilofasial: Trauma Skeletal (Versi 2024).pdf
 
Cleft Lip and/or Palate: General Introduction (Versi 2024)
Cleft Lip and/or Palate: General Introduction (Versi 2024)Cleft Lip and/or Palate: General Introduction (Versi 2024)
Cleft Lip and/or Palate: General Introduction (Versi 2024)
 
Introduksi Bedah Plastik Rekonstruksi & Estetik (Versi 2024)
Introduksi Bedah Plastik Rekonstruksi & Estetik (Versi 2024)Introduksi Bedah Plastik Rekonstruksi & Estetik (Versi 2024)
Introduksi Bedah Plastik Rekonstruksi & Estetik (Versi 2024)
 
Customer Satisfaction vs Patient Safety
Customer Satisfaction vs Patient SafetyCustomer Satisfaction vs Patient Safety
Customer Satisfaction vs Patient Safety
 
Asesmen Klinis Trauma Maksilofasial
Asesmen Klinis Trauma MaksilofasialAsesmen Klinis Trauma Maksilofasial
Asesmen Klinis Trauma Maksilofasial
 
Luka Akut - Blok Trauma (Diperbarui Maret 2023)
Luka Akut - Blok Trauma (Diperbarui Maret 2023)Luka Akut - Blok Trauma (Diperbarui Maret 2023)
Luka Akut - Blok Trauma (Diperbarui Maret 2023)
 
Cleft Lip and/or Palate (Pembaruan 2023)
Cleft Lip and/or Palate (Pembaruan 2023)Cleft Lip and/or Palate (Pembaruan 2023)
Cleft Lip and/or Palate (Pembaruan 2023)
 
Luka Bakar (Diperbarui 2023)
Luka Bakar (Diperbarui 2023)Luka Bakar (Diperbarui 2023)
Luka Bakar (Diperbarui 2023)
 
Tata Laksana Luka (Diperbarui 2023)
Tata Laksana Luka (Diperbarui 2023)Tata Laksana Luka (Diperbarui 2023)
Tata Laksana Luka (Diperbarui 2023)
 
Pengantar Trauma Maksilofasial - Skeletal (Diperbarui 2023)
Pengantar Trauma Maksilofasial - Skeletal (Diperbarui 2023)Pengantar Trauma Maksilofasial - Skeletal (Diperbarui 2023)
Pengantar Trauma Maksilofasial - Skeletal (Diperbarui 2023)
 
Trauma Tangan
Trauma TanganTrauma Tangan
Trauma Tangan
 
Introduksi Bedah Plastik (Pembaruan 2023)
Introduksi Bedah Plastik (Pembaruan 2023)Introduksi Bedah Plastik (Pembaruan 2023)
Introduksi Bedah Plastik (Pembaruan 2023)
 
Pengantar Trauma Maksilofasial
Pengantar Trauma MaksilofasialPengantar Trauma Maksilofasial
Pengantar Trauma Maksilofasial
 
Asesmen Klinis Trauma Maksilofasial
Asesmen Klinis Trauma MaksilofasialAsesmen Klinis Trauma Maksilofasial
Asesmen Klinis Trauma Maksilofasial
 
Trauma dan Estetika Wajah
Trauma dan Estetika WajahTrauma dan Estetika Wajah
Trauma dan Estetika Wajah
 
Asesmen Klinis Trauma Tangan
Asesmen Klinis Trauma TanganAsesmen Klinis Trauma Tangan
Asesmen Klinis Trauma Tangan
 
Merawat dan Menjahit Luka
Merawat dan Menjahit LukaMerawat dan Menjahit Luka
Merawat dan Menjahit Luka
 

Recently uploaded

Chandigarh Call Girls 👙 7001035870 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
Chandigarh Call Girls 👙 7001035870 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real MeetChandigarh Call Girls 👙 7001035870 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
Chandigarh Call Girls 👙 7001035870 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meetpriyashah722354
 
💚😋Chandigarh Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋
💚😋Chandigarh Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋💚😋Chandigarh Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋
💚😋Chandigarh Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋Sheetaleventcompany
 
raisen Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
raisen Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meetraisen Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
raisen Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real MeetCall Girls Service
 
VIP Call Girl Sector 32 Noida Just Book Me 9711199171
VIP Call Girl Sector 32 Noida Just Book Me 9711199171VIP Call Girl Sector 32 Noida Just Book Me 9711199171
VIP Call Girl Sector 32 Noida Just Book Me 9711199171Call Girls Service Gurgaon
 
Call Girls Service Faridabad 📲 9999965857 ヅ10k NiGhT Call Girls In Faridabad
Call Girls Service Faridabad 📲 9999965857 ヅ10k NiGhT Call Girls In FaridabadCall Girls Service Faridabad 📲 9999965857 ヅ10k NiGhT Call Girls In Faridabad
Call Girls Service Faridabad 📲 9999965857 ヅ10k NiGhT Call Girls In Faridabadgragmanisha42
 
Vip sexy Call Girls Service In Sector 137,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Ser...
Vip sexy Call Girls Service In Sector 137,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Ser...Vip sexy Call Girls Service In Sector 137,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Ser...
Vip sexy Call Girls Service In Sector 137,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Ser...Call Girls Noida
 
Call Girl Raipur 📲 9999965857 whatsapp live cam sex service available
Call Girl Raipur 📲 9999965857 whatsapp live cam sex service availableCall Girl Raipur 📲 9999965857 whatsapp live cam sex service available
Call Girl Raipur 📲 9999965857 whatsapp live cam sex service availablegragmanisha42
 
Call Now ☎ 9999965857 !! Call Girls in Hauz Khas Escort Service Delhi N.C.R.
Call Now ☎ 9999965857 !! Call Girls in Hauz Khas Escort Service Delhi N.C.R.Call Now ☎ 9999965857 !! Call Girls in Hauz Khas Escort Service Delhi N.C.R.
Call Now ☎ 9999965857 !! Call Girls in Hauz Khas Escort Service Delhi N.C.R.ktanvi103
 
Russian Call Girls Lucknow ₹7.5k Pick Up & Drop With Cash Payment 8923113531 ...
Russian Call Girls Lucknow ₹7.5k Pick Up & Drop With Cash Payment 8923113531 ...Russian Call Girls Lucknow ₹7.5k Pick Up & Drop With Cash Payment 8923113531 ...
Russian Call Girls Lucknow ₹7.5k Pick Up & Drop With Cash Payment 8923113531 ...gurkirankumar98700
 
pOOJA sexy Call Girls In Sector 49,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Service In...
pOOJA sexy Call Girls In Sector 49,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Service In...pOOJA sexy Call Girls In Sector 49,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Service In...
pOOJA sexy Call Girls In Sector 49,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Service In...Call Girls Noida
 
Call Girls Service Chandigarh Gori WhatsApp ❤7710465962 VIP Call Girls Chandi...
Call Girls Service Chandigarh Gori WhatsApp ❤7710465962 VIP Call Girls Chandi...Call Girls Service Chandigarh Gori WhatsApp ❤7710465962 VIP Call Girls Chandi...
Call Girls Service Chandigarh Gori WhatsApp ❤7710465962 VIP Call Girls Chandi...Niamh verma
 
VIP Call Girl Sector 25 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9899900591
VIP Call Girl Sector 25 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9899900591VIP Call Girl Sector 25 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9899900591
VIP Call Girl Sector 25 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9899900591adityaroy0215
 
Jaipur Call Girls 9257276172 Call Girl in Jaipur Rajasthan
Jaipur Call Girls 9257276172 Call Girl in Jaipur RajasthanJaipur Call Girls 9257276172 Call Girl in Jaipur Rajasthan
Jaipur Call Girls 9257276172 Call Girl in Jaipur Rajasthanindiancallgirl4rent
 
Call Girls Service In Goa 💋 9316020077💋 Goa Call Girls By Russian Call Girl...
Call Girls Service In Goa  💋 9316020077💋 Goa Call Girls  By Russian Call Girl...Call Girls Service In Goa  💋 9316020077💋 Goa Call Girls  By Russian Call Girl...
Call Girls Service In Goa 💋 9316020077💋 Goa Call Girls By Russian Call Girl...russian goa call girl and escorts service
 
Local Housewife and effective ☎️ 8250192130 🍉🍓 Sexy Girls VIP Call Girls Chan...
Local Housewife and effective ☎️ 8250192130 🍉🍓 Sexy Girls VIP Call Girls Chan...Local Housewife and effective ☎️ 8250192130 🍉🍓 Sexy Girls VIP Call Girls Chan...
Local Housewife and effective ☎️ 8250192130 🍉🍓 Sexy Girls VIP Call Girls Chan...Russian Call Girls Amritsar
 
Ozhukarai Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
Ozhukarai Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real MeetOzhukarai Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
Ozhukarai Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real MeetCall Girls Service
 
💚😋Kolkata Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋
💚😋Kolkata Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋💚😋Kolkata Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋
💚😋Kolkata Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋Sheetaleventcompany
 
VIP Call Girls Sector 67 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9711199012
VIP Call Girls Sector 67 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9711199012VIP Call Girls Sector 67 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9711199012
VIP Call Girls Sector 67 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9711199012Call Girls Service Gurgaon
 
Bangalore call girl 👯‍♀️@ Simran Independent Call Girls in Bangalore GIUXUZ...
Bangalore call girl  👯‍♀️@ Simran Independent Call Girls in Bangalore  GIUXUZ...Bangalore call girl  👯‍♀️@ Simran Independent Call Girls in Bangalore  GIUXUZ...
Bangalore call girl 👯‍♀️@ Simran Independent Call Girls in Bangalore GIUXUZ...Gfnyt
 
❤️♀️@ Jaipur Call Girl Agency ❤️♀️@ Manjeet Russian Call Girls Service in Jai...
❤️♀️@ Jaipur Call Girl Agency ❤️♀️@ Manjeet Russian Call Girls Service in Jai...❤️♀️@ Jaipur Call Girl Agency ❤️♀️@ Manjeet Russian Call Girls Service in Jai...
❤️♀️@ Jaipur Call Girl Agency ❤️♀️@ Manjeet Russian Call Girls Service in Jai...Gfnyt.com
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Chandigarh Call Girls 👙 7001035870 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
Chandigarh Call Girls 👙 7001035870 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real MeetChandigarh Call Girls 👙 7001035870 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
Chandigarh Call Girls 👙 7001035870 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
 
💚😋Chandigarh Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋
💚😋Chandigarh Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋💚😋Chandigarh Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋
💚😋Chandigarh Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋
 
raisen Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
raisen Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meetraisen Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
raisen Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
 
VIP Call Girl Sector 32 Noida Just Book Me 9711199171
VIP Call Girl Sector 32 Noida Just Book Me 9711199171VIP Call Girl Sector 32 Noida Just Book Me 9711199171
VIP Call Girl Sector 32 Noida Just Book Me 9711199171
 
Call Girls Service Faridabad 📲 9999965857 ヅ10k NiGhT Call Girls In Faridabad
Call Girls Service Faridabad 📲 9999965857 ヅ10k NiGhT Call Girls In FaridabadCall Girls Service Faridabad 📲 9999965857 ヅ10k NiGhT Call Girls In Faridabad
Call Girls Service Faridabad 📲 9999965857 ヅ10k NiGhT Call Girls In Faridabad
 
Vip sexy Call Girls Service In Sector 137,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Ser...
Vip sexy Call Girls Service In Sector 137,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Ser...Vip sexy Call Girls Service In Sector 137,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Ser...
Vip sexy Call Girls Service In Sector 137,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Ser...
 
Call Girl Raipur 📲 9999965857 whatsapp live cam sex service available
Call Girl Raipur 📲 9999965857 whatsapp live cam sex service availableCall Girl Raipur 📲 9999965857 whatsapp live cam sex service available
Call Girl Raipur 📲 9999965857 whatsapp live cam sex service available
 
Call Now ☎ 9999965857 !! Call Girls in Hauz Khas Escort Service Delhi N.C.R.
Call Now ☎ 9999965857 !! Call Girls in Hauz Khas Escort Service Delhi N.C.R.Call Now ☎ 9999965857 !! Call Girls in Hauz Khas Escort Service Delhi N.C.R.
Call Now ☎ 9999965857 !! Call Girls in Hauz Khas Escort Service Delhi N.C.R.
 
Russian Call Girls Lucknow ₹7.5k Pick Up & Drop With Cash Payment 8923113531 ...
Russian Call Girls Lucknow ₹7.5k Pick Up & Drop With Cash Payment 8923113531 ...Russian Call Girls Lucknow ₹7.5k Pick Up & Drop With Cash Payment 8923113531 ...
Russian Call Girls Lucknow ₹7.5k Pick Up & Drop With Cash Payment 8923113531 ...
 
pOOJA sexy Call Girls In Sector 49,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Service In...
pOOJA sexy Call Girls In Sector 49,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Service In...pOOJA sexy Call Girls In Sector 49,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Service In...
pOOJA sexy Call Girls In Sector 49,9999965857 Young Female Escorts Service In...
 
Call Girls Service Chandigarh Gori WhatsApp ❤7710465962 VIP Call Girls Chandi...
Call Girls Service Chandigarh Gori WhatsApp ❤7710465962 VIP Call Girls Chandi...Call Girls Service Chandigarh Gori WhatsApp ❤7710465962 VIP Call Girls Chandi...
Call Girls Service Chandigarh Gori WhatsApp ❤7710465962 VIP Call Girls Chandi...
 
VIP Call Girl Sector 25 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9899900591
VIP Call Girl Sector 25 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9899900591VIP Call Girl Sector 25 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9899900591
VIP Call Girl Sector 25 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9899900591
 
Jaipur Call Girls 9257276172 Call Girl in Jaipur Rajasthan
Jaipur Call Girls 9257276172 Call Girl in Jaipur RajasthanJaipur Call Girls 9257276172 Call Girl in Jaipur Rajasthan
Jaipur Call Girls 9257276172 Call Girl in Jaipur Rajasthan
 
Call Girls Service In Goa 💋 9316020077💋 Goa Call Girls By Russian Call Girl...
Call Girls Service In Goa  💋 9316020077💋 Goa Call Girls  By Russian Call Girl...Call Girls Service In Goa  💋 9316020077💋 Goa Call Girls  By Russian Call Girl...
Call Girls Service In Goa 💋 9316020077💋 Goa Call Girls By Russian Call Girl...
 
Local Housewife and effective ☎️ 8250192130 🍉🍓 Sexy Girls VIP Call Girls Chan...
Local Housewife and effective ☎️ 8250192130 🍉🍓 Sexy Girls VIP Call Girls Chan...Local Housewife and effective ☎️ 8250192130 🍉🍓 Sexy Girls VIP Call Girls Chan...
Local Housewife and effective ☎️ 8250192130 🍉🍓 Sexy Girls VIP Call Girls Chan...
 
Ozhukarai Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
Ozhukarai Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real MeetOzhukarai Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
Ozhukarai Call Girls 👙 6297143586 👙 Genuine WhatsApp Number for Real Meet
 
💚😋Kolkata Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋
💚😋Kolkata Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋💚😋Kolkata Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋
💚😋Kolkata Escort Service Call Girls, ₹5000 To 25K With AC💚😋
 
VIP Call Girls Sector 67 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9711199012
VIP Call Girls Sector 67 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9711199012VIP Call Girls Sector 67 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9711199012
VIP Call Girls Sector 67 Gurgaon Just Call Me 9711199012
 
Bangalore call girl 👯‍♀️@ Simran Independent Call Girls in Bangalore GIUXUZ...
Bangalore call girl  👯‍♀️@ Simran Independent Call Girls in Bangalore  GIUXUZ...Bangalore call girl  👯‍♀️@ Simran Independent Call Girls in Bangalore  GIUXUZ...
Bangalore call girl 👯‍♀️@ Simran Independent Call Girls in Bangalore GIUXUZ...
 
❤️♀️@ Jaipur Call Girl Agency ❤️♀️@ Manjeet Russian Call Girls Service in Jai...
❤️♀️@ Jaipur Call Girl Agency ❤️♀️@ Manjeet Russian Call Girls Service in Jai...❤️♀️@ Jaipur Call Girl Agency ❤️♀️@ Manjeet Russian Call Girls Service in Jai...
❤️♀️@ Jaipur Call Girl Agency ❤️♀️@ Manjeet Russian Call Girls Service in Jai...
 

Memimpin Peningkatan Mutu dengan Pendekatan Sistem Mikro Klinik

  • 1. Memimpin  Peningkatan  Mutu  dengan   Pendekatan  Sistem  Mikro  Klinik   dr.  Robertus  Arian  Datusanantyo,  M.P.H.   Koleksi  Pribadi  –  Skrining  Katarak  di  Puskesmas  Ngulak,  Kab.  Musi  Banyuasin,  Sumsel  
  • 2. Ilustrasi  Kasus   •  Tn.  M  (18)  dan  Ny.  F  (18)  adalah  pasangan   suami  istri  yang  menantikan  kelahiran  anak   kembar.   •  Saat  usia  cukup  bulan,  Ny.  F.  kejang  di   rumah.   •  Tn.  M.  membawa  istrinya  ke  bidan  praktek.   •  Bidan  membawa  Ny.  F.  ke  Puskesmas.   •  IGD  Puskesmas  memberikan  obat  anti   kejang  dan  pasien  distabilkan,  30  menit   kemudian  pasien  dirujuk  ke  RSUD.   •  RSUD  tahu  bahwa  ada  ibu  hamil  cukup   bulan  dengan  kejang  sedang  dalam   perjalanan.    
  • 3. Ilustrasi  Kasus  (lanj.)   •  Ny.  F.  datang  diantar  tim  Puskesmas  di  IGD   RSUD.   •  IGD  RSUD  segera  menyiapkan  operasi,   melakukan  informed-­‐consent,  dan   membereskan  syarat  Jampersal.   •  Ny.  F  dioperasi  dan  anak  kembarnya  lahir   sehat  walau  BBLR  (2300  dan  1800  gram).   •  Ny.  F.  pulih  kesehatannya  dalam  perawatan   di  RSUD  dan  pulang  dengan  kedua  anak   dan  suaminya.   •  Kisah  diinspirasi  dari: http://klinik-­‐gratis.blogspot.com/2012/09/ hampir-­‐saja-­‐tak-­‐tertolong-­‐kasus-­‐near.html   http://mentalfloss.com/sites/default/files/styles/article_640x430/public/95921224.jpg  
  • 4. Pasien   Kejang  di   rumah   Pasien   dibawa  ke   bidan   praktek   Pasien   dibawa  ke   Puskesmas   Pasien   distabilisasi   di   Puskesmas   Pasien   dikirim  ke   RSUD   Pasien   distabilisasi     di  IGD   RSUD   Pasien   dioperasi  di   kamar   bedah   RSUD   Pasien   dirawat  di   bangsal   RSUD   Pasien   pulang   Pelayanan  kepada  pasien  dikerjakan  pada  sistem   mikro  klinik  (clinical  microsystem)  yang  secara   bersama-­‐sama  membentuk  sistem  pelayanan   kesehatan  yang  paripurna  dan  lengkap.  Lalu,  apakah   sistem  mikro  klinik  itu?  
  • 6. Sistem  Mikro  Klinik   1.  Tempat  pertemuan  pasien  (&  keluarga)  dengan   tim  pelayanan  kesehatan.   2.  Garda  depan  pelayanan  kesehatan.   3.  Tempat  dilakukannya  pelayanan,  sekaligus:   1.  Tempat  keajaiban  pelayanan  terjadi,   2.  Tempat  kesalahan  tragis  terjadi.   4.  Melibatkan:   1.  Pasien,  keluarga,  pemberi  layanan,   2.  Proses,  pola:  budaya  kerja,  aliran  informasi,   hasil  pelayanan.   (Nelson  et  al  2007)  
  • 7. Clinical  Microsystem   A  clinical  microsystem  is  a  small  group  of  people  who   work  together  on  a  regular  basis  to  provide  care  to   discrete  subpopulations  of  patients.  It  has  clinical  and   business  aims,  linked  processes,  and  a  shared   information  environment,  and  it  produces   performance  outcomes.  Microsystems  evolve  over   time  and  are  often  embedded  in  larger  organizations.   They  are  complex  adaptive  systems,  and  as  such  they   must  do  the  primary  work  associated  with  core  aims,   meet  the  needs  of  their  members,  and  maintain   themselves  over  time  as  clinical  units.     (Nelson  et  al  2007)  
  • 8. Fisiologi  Sistem  Mikro  Klinik   (Nelson  et  al  2008)  
  • 9. (Nelson  et  al  2002)   Leadership.  Roles:   1.  Maintain  constancy   of  purpose;   2.  Establish  clear  goals;   3.  Foster  positive   culture;   4.  Advocate  for  the   microsystem  in  the   larger  organization.   Process   Improvement.     1.  Continuous   monitoring  of  care;   2.  Use  of   benchmarking;   3.  Frequent  test  of   change;   4.  Staff  empowerement   to  innovation.  
  • 10. Memimpin  Sistem  Mikro  Klinik   Building  Knowledge   Basic  structural  characteristic  of  clinical  microsystem;   Processes,  unwanted  variation  &  method.     Taking  Action   Having  specific  processes  for  making  things  happen;  Involves  taking  action   on  the  patterns  of  work  to  promote  the  cooperative  functioning  of  the   whole  group  of  people  and  to  recognize  members’  interdependence.     Reviewing  and  Reflecting   Creating  a  structure  for  reflection;  Having  a  process  for  honestly  asking  “Is   the  work  getting  done?”  and  “Is  there  a  good  match  between  the  needs  of   the  beneficiaries  and  our  work  outputs?”       (Batalden  et  al  2003)  
  • 11. “Plan  –  Do  –  Study  –  Act”  Cycle   Plan   Objective;   Questions  and   predictions;  Plan  to   carry  out  the  cycle.   Do   Carry  out  the  plan;   Document  problems   &  unexpected   observations;  Begin   data  analysis.   Study   Complete  data   analysis;  Compare   data  to  predictions;   Summarize  what   was  learned.   Act   What  changes   are  to  be  made;   Next  cycle?   (Nelson  et  al  2007)  
  • 12. “Standardize  –  Do  –  Study  –  Act”  Cycle   Standar-­‐   dize   How  shall  we   standardize  the  process   &  embed  it  in  daily   work?;  What  type  of   environment  can   support   standardization?   Do   What  are  we   learning  as  we  do   the   standardization?;   Any  problem  or   surprises?   Study   What  have  we   learned?;  What  do   the  measures  show?;   Are  there  needs  for   change?   Act   Do  we  need  to   modify  the   standardization?;   Design  new  PDSA.   (Nelson  et  al  2007)  
  • 13. Menulis  Refleksi   1.  Deskripsi   1.  Apa  yang  terjadi?   2.  Apa  yang  diperiksa  /  diselidiki?   2.  Interpretasi   1.  Apa  yang  penting/relevan/ bermanfaat?   2.  Bagaimana  menjelaskannya   dengan  teori?   3.  Apa  yang  sama  dan  berbeda?   3.  Luaran   1.  Apa  yang  telah  dipelajari?   2.  Apa  kepentingannya  untuk  masa   depan?   (Hampton  2010)   http://th09.deviantart.net/fs70/PRE/i/2009/352/b/b/Black_Mirror_girl_by_JeDavid.jpg
  • 14. Kesimpulan   1.  Penting  untuk  mengenali  tempat  pelayanan   kesehatan  sebagai  mikro  sistem  klinik.   2.  Pendekatan  mikro  sistem  klinik  dapat  digunakan   untuk  peningkatan  mutu.   3.  Memimpin  peningkatan  mutu  di  sistem  mikro   klinik  memerlukan  strategi.   4.  Siklus  PDCA  –  eksperimen.   5.  Siklus  SDSA  –  standarisasi.   http://www.ledneonsolutions.co.uk  
  • 15. Referensi   •  Batalden,  P.B.,  Nelson,  E.C.,  Mohr,  J.J.,  Godfrey  M.M.,  Huber,  T.P.,   Kosnik,  L.,  Ashling,  K.,  2003.  Microsystems  in  Health  Care:  Part  5.   How  Leaders  Are  Leading.  The  Joint  Commission  Journal  on  Quality   and  Patient  Safety,  29(6),  pp.297-­‐308.   •  Berwick,  D.,  2002.  A  user’s  manual  for  the  IOM's  “Quality   Chasm”report.  Health  Affairs,  21(3),  pp.80–90.     •  Hampton  M.  2010.  Reflective  Writing:    A  Basic  Introduction.  Available   at:   http://www.port.ac.uk/media/contacts-­‐and-­‐departments/student-­‐ support-­‐services/ask/downloads/Reflective-­‐writing-­‐-­‐-­‐a-­‐basic-­‐ introduction.pdf   •  Nelson,  E.C.,  Batalden,  P.B.,  Huber,  T.P.,  Mohr,  J.J.,  Godfrey  M.M.,   Headrick,  L.A.,  Wasson,  J.H.,  2002.  Microsystems  in  Health  Care:  Part   1.  Learning  from  High-­‐Performing  Front-­‐Line  Clinical  Units.  The  Joint   Commission  Journal  on  Quality  and  Patient  Safety,  28(9),  pp.472-­‐493.  
  • 16. Referensi   •  Nelson  EC,  Batalden  PB,  Godfrey  MM  (Ed.).  2007.  Quality  By  Design,   A  Clinical  Microsystem  Approach.  San  Fransisco:  Jossey-­‐Bass.   •  Nelson,  E.C.,  Godfrey,  M.M.,  Batalden,  P.B.,  Berry,  S.A.,  Bothe,  A.E.,   McKinley,  K.E.,  Melin,  C.N.,  Muething,  S.E.,  Moore,  G.,  Wasson,  J.H.,   Nolan,  T.W.,  2008.  Clinical  Microsystems,  Part  1.  The  Building  Blocks   of  Health  Systems.  The  Joint  Commission  Journal  on  Quality  and   Patient  Safety,  34(7),  pp.367-­‐378.  
  • 17. Isi  materi  ini  adalah  opini  penulis  dan  tidak  otomatis  mencerminkan  pandangan  RS  Panti   Rapih.  Penyusunan  materi  ini  menggunakan  perangkat  lunak  berlisensi  resmi  dan/atau   yang  berjalan  native  di  atas  sistem  operasi  Mac  OS  X.  Materi  ini,  bersama  sumber   pembelajaran  lain,  dapat  diunduh  gratis  di  http://slideshare.net/robertusarian.     Terima  Kasih  atas  Perhatiannya!