1. www.EDAX.com
IA VIIIA
1 1.008
meters dm cm mm μm nm Å
2 4.003
Crystal Structures
H
Hydrogen
1Å = 10-10 10-9 10-8 10-7 10-4 10-1 1 HeHelium
1nm = 10-9 10-8 10-7 10-6 10-3 1 10
IIA 1μm = 10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 1 103 104
IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA
3 6.941 4 9.012 5 10.811 6 12.011 7 14.007 8 15.999 9 18.998 10 20.180
1mm = 10-3 10-2 10-1 1 103 106 107
Li
Lithium
Be
Beryllium
1cm = 10-2 10-1 1 10 104 107 108 B
Boron
C
Carbon
N
Nitrogen
O
Oxygen
F
Fluorine
Ne Neon
0.108 1dm = 10-1 1 10 102 105 108 109 0.185 0.277 0.392 0.523 0.677 0.848
— — — — — — —
— — — — — —
—
1m = 1 10 102 103 106 109 1010
11 22.990 12 24.305 13 26.982 14 28.086 15 30.974 16 32.066 17 35.453 18 39.948
Na Mg
Sodium Magnesium
Al
Aluminum
Si
Silicon
P
Phosphorus
S
Sulfur
Cl
Chlorine
ArArgon
1.486 1.740 2.013 2.307 2.622 2.957
1.040
—
—
1.254
—
—
IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIII IB IIB —
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
19 39.098 20 40.08 21 44.956 22 47.88 23 50.942 24 51.996 25 54.938 26 55.847 27 58.933 28 58.70 29 63.546 30 65.39 31 69.72 32 72.61 33 74.922 34 78.96 35 79.904 36 83.80
K
Potassium
Ca Sc
Calcium Scandium
Ti
Titanium
V
Vanadium
Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
3.313 3.691 4.090 4.510 4.952 5.414 5.898 6.403 6.929 7.477 8.040 8.637 9.250 9.885 10.542 11.220 11.922 12.649
— 0.341 0.395 0.452 0.511 0.573 0.637 0.705 0.776 0.851 0.930 1.012 1.098 1.188 1.282 1.379 1.480 1.586
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
37 85.468 38 87.62 39 88.906 40 91.22 41 92.906 42 95.94 43 (98) 44 101.07 45 102.906 46 106.42 47 107.868 48 112.41 49 114.82 50 118.71 51 121.76 52 127.60 53 126.905 54 131.29
Rb Sr
Rubidium Strontium
Y
Yttrium
Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In
Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium
Sn Sb Te
Tin Antimony Tellurium
I
Iodine
XeXenon
13.393 14.163 14.955 15.776 16.617 17.481 18.368 19.282 20.217 21.180 22.166 23.175 24.209 25.272 26.359 27.471 28.615 29.779
1.694 1.806 1.922 2.042 2.166 2.293 2.424 2.558 2.696 2.838 2.984 3.133 3.286 3.443 3.604 3.768 3.937 4.109
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
55 132.905 56 137.33 57 138.906 72 178.49 73 180.948 74 183.85 75 186.207 76 190.2 77 192.22 78 195.08 79 196.967 80 200.59 81 204.38 82 207.2 83 208.980 84 (209) 85 (210) 86 (222)
Cs Ba La Hf Ta
Cesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum
W Re Os
Tungsten Rhenium Osmium
Ir
Iridium
Pt Au Hg Tl
Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium
Pb Bi Po At Rn
Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
30.971 32.196 33.441 55.801 57.450 59.305 61.122 62.989 64.906 66.834 68.804 70.806 72.869 74.989 77.091 79.272 81.513 83.771
4.286 4.465 4.650 7.898 8.145 8.396 8.651 8.910 9.174 9.441 9.712 9.987 10.256 10.550 10.837 11.129 11.425 11.725
— 0.779 0.833 1.644 1.709 1.774 1.842 1.910 1.978 2.048 2.120 2.191 2.268 2.342 2.419 2.505 2.585 2.665
87 (223) 88 226.025 89 227.028
Fr Ra Ac
Francium Radium Actinium
86.098 88.480 90.880 58 140.12 59 140.908 60 144.24 61 (145) 62 150.36 63 151.97 64 157.25 65 158.925 66 162.50 67 164.930 68 167.26 69 168.934 70 173.04 71 174.967
12.029 12.338 12.650
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
2.747 2.830 2.915
Atomic Atomic Alkali Earth Alkaline Earth Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
34.717 36.031 37.358 38.725 40.118 41.534 42.992 44.476 45.997 47.534 49.100 50.730 52.362 54.078
Number Weight 4.839 5.033 5.229 5.432 5.635 5.845 6.056 6.272 6.494 6.719 6.947 7.179 7.414 7.654
Rare Earth Other Metals 0.883 0.929 0.978 1.032 1.081 1.137 1.185 1.240 1.293 1.347 1.405 1.462 1.521 1.581
Non-Metals Halogens 90 232.038 91 231.036 92 238.029 93 237.048 94 (244) 95 (243) 96 (247) 97 (247) 98 (251) 99 (252) 100 (257) 101 (258) 102 (259) 103 (260)
Symbol Transition Metals Metalloids
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
K Energy (*) Noble Gases Thorium Protoactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
L Energy (*) Crystal 93.382 95.886 98.434 100.800 103.320 105.970 108.737 111.676 114.778 —
12.967 13.288 13.612 13.941 14.275 14.615 14.961 15.309 15.661 16.018
M Energy (*) Structure 2.991 3.077 3.165 3.253 3.344 3.435 3.539 3.634 3.731 3.829

2. Ele-
ment
Li
Atm.
No.
3
KͰ
0.052
Kͱ
0.055
Kab LͰ Lͱ1 Lͱ2 LͲ2 Llllab Lllab Llab M
EDAX
Be
B
C
N
4
5
6
7
0.108
0.185
0.277
0.392
0.112
0.192
0.284
0.400
Peak
O
F
Ne
Na
8
9
10
11
0.523
0.677
0.848
1.040
0.532
0.687
.857 0.867
1.067 1.071
0.022
0.034
0.022
0.034
0.048
0.055
Identification
Mg
Al
Si
12
13
14
1.254
1.486
1.740
1.295 1.303
1.553 1.560
1.829 1.840
0.049
0.072
0.098
0.050
0.073
0.099
0.063
0.087
0.118 www.EDAX.com Chart
P 15 2.013 2.139 2.143 0.128 0.129 0.153
S 16 2.307 2.465 2.470 0.136 0.164 0.193
Cl 17 2.622 2.815 2.819 0.202 0.203 0.238 Energy Element Atomic Principal Energy Element Atomic Principal Less Intense Lesser Intense Energy Element Atomic Principal Less Intense Lesser Intense
Ar 18 2.957 3.190 3.202 0.245 0.247 0.287 Signals Generated in the Scanning Electron Microscope Number Emission Number Emission Minor Linor Minor Line Number Emission Minor Linor Minor Line
Line Line Energy Line Energy Line Line Energy Line Energy Line
K 19 3.313 3.589 3.607 0.294 0.297 0.341 INCIDENT
Ca 20 3.691 4.012 4.037 0.341 0.349 0.353 0.399 ELECTRON
0-1 keV 2-3 keV 8-9 keV
Sc 21 4.090 4.460 4.488 0.395 0.406 0.4ll 0.462 BEAM
Ti 22 4.510 4.931 4.964 0.452 0.454 0.460 0.530 CHARACTERISTIC BACKSCATTERED
ELECTRONS 0.108 Be 4 KͰ 2.013 P 15 KͰ1,2 2.136 Kͱ 8.040 Cu 29 KͰ1,2 8.904 Kͱ1
V 23 4.952 5.426 5.463 0.511 0.5l2 0.5l9 0.604
X-RAY PHOTONS
2.042 Zr 40 LͰ 2.124 Lͱ1 8.145 Ta 73 LͰ 9.342 Lͱ1 9.650 Lͱ2
0.185 B 5 KͰ 8.396 W 74 LͰ 9.671 Lͱ1 9.960 Lͱ2
Cr 24 5.414 5.946 5.988 0.573 0.574 0.588 0.695 2.048 Pt 78 MͰ 2.127 Mͱ
Mn 25 5.898 6.489 6.536 0.637 0.639 0.650 0.762 0.277 C 6 KͰ 2.120 Au 79 MͰ 2.204 Mͱ 8.637 Zn 30 KͰ1,2 9.570 Kͱ1
BREMSSTRAHLUNG
Fe 26 6.403 7.057 7.110 0.705 0.707 0.721 0.849 SECONDARY
0.341 Ca 20 LͰ 8.651 Re 75 LͰ 10.008 Lͱ1 10.274 Lͱ2
ELECTRONS 2.166 Nb 41 LͰ1 2.257 Lͱ1 8.910 Os 76 LͰ 10.354 Lͱ1 10.597 Lͱ2
Co 27 6.929 7.648 7.708 0.776 0.779 0.794 0.929
Ni 28 7.477 8.263 8.330 0.851 0.853 0.870 1.015 VISIBLE LIGHT AUGER
0.392 N 7 KͰ 2.191 Hg 80 MͰ 2.282 Mͱ 9-10 keV
Cu 29 8.040 8.904 8.979 0.930 0.933 0.953 1.100
(CATHODE-
LUMINESCENCE)
ELECTRONS
0.395 Sc 21 LͰ 2.268 Tl 81 MͰ 2.362 Mͱ 9.174 Ir 77 LͰ 10.706 Lͱ1 10.919 Lͱ2
Zn 30 8.637 9.570 9.660 1.012 1.022 1.045 1.198 SPECIMEN 0.452 Ti 22 LͰ 2.293 Mo 42 LͰ1 2.394 Lͱ1 9.250 Ga 31 KͰ1,2 10.262 Kͱ
Ga 31 9.250 10.262 10.336 1.098 1.117 1.145 1.303 2.307 S 16 KͰ1,2 2.465 Kͱ 9.441 Pt 78 LͰ 11.069 Lͱ1 11.249 Lͱ2
Ge 32 9.873 10.978 11.102 1.188 1.217 1.249 1.413 ABSORBED 0.511 V 23 LͰ 9.712 Au 79 LͰ 11.440 Lͱ1 11.583 Lͱ2
1.282 ELECTRONS 2.342 Pb 82 MͰ 2.442 Mͱ
As 33 10.542 11.722 11.862 1.323 1.358 1.529 0.523 O 8 KͰ 9.873 Ge 32 KͰ1,2 10.978 Kͱ
Se 34 11.220 12.494 12.652 1.379 1.434 1.474 1.652 2.419 Bi 83 MͰ 2.525 Mͱ
0.573 Cr 24 LͰ 9.987 Hg 80 LͰ 11.821 Lͱ1 11.922 Lͱ2
Br 35 11.922 13.286 13.468 1.480 1.553 1.599 1.781 ELASTICALLY TRANSMITTED AND
2.424 Tc 43 LͰ1 2.536 Lͱ1 10-11 keV
Kr 36 12.649 14.107 14.322 1.586 1.677 1.729 1.916 SCATTERED INELASTICALLY SCATTERED 0.637 Mn 25 LͰ 2.558 Ru 44 LͰ1 2.683 Lͱ1 10.256 Tl 81 LͰ 12.211 Lͱ1 12.270 Lͱ2
Rb 37 13.393 14.956 15.200 1.694 1.806 1.866 2.063 ELECTRONS ELECTRONS
0.677 F 9 KͰ 2.622 Cl 17 KͰ1,2 2.815 Kͱ 10.542 As 33 KͰ1,2 11.722 Kͱ
Sr 38 14.163 15.830 16.104 1.806 1.941 2.008 2.217 2.696 Rh 45 LͰ1 2.834 Lͱ1 3.001 Lͱ2 10.550 Pb 82 LͰ 12.612 Lͱ1 12.621 Lͱ2
Y 39 14.955 16.731 17.035 1.922 2.079 2.154 2.376 0.705 Fe 26 LͰ
Zr 40 15.776 17.660 17.996 2.042 2.124 2.222 2.305 2.541 2.838 Pd 46 LͰ1 2.990 Lͱ1 3.170 Lͱ2 10.837 Bi 83 LͰ 13.024 Lͱ1 12.978 Lͱ2
0.776 Co 27 LͰ 11-12 keV
Nb 41 16.617 18.729 18.984 2.166 2.257 2.370 2.464 2.710 2.957 Ar 18 KͰ1,2 3.190 Kͱ
Mo 42 17.481 19.599 20.001 2.293 2.394 2.523 2.627 2.880 Resolution: 0.833 La 57 MͰ 2.984 Ag 47 LͰ1 3.150 Lͱ1 3.347 Lͱ2 11.129 Po 84 LͰ1 13.445 Lͱ1 13.338 Lͱ2
Tc 43 18.368 20.608 21.044 2.424 2.536 2.677 2.794 3.055 0.848 Ne 10 KͰ 2.991 Th 90 MͰ 3.145 Mͱ 3.369 MͲ 11.220 Se 34 KͰ1,2 12.494 Kͱ
Ru 44 19.282 21.646 22.116 2.558 2.683 2.837 2.966 3.232 11.425 At 85 LͰ1 13.874 Lͱ1 14.065 Lͱ3
2.696 2.834 3.001 FWHM = R2 + 2.4236 (E - 5894) 0.851 Ni 28 LͰ 3-4 keV 11.725 Rn 86 LͰ1 14.313 Lͱ1 14.509 Lͱ3
Rh 45 20.217 22.712 23.216 3.002 3.144 3.416
Pd 46 21.180 23.806 24.344 2.838 2.990 3.171 3.172 3.330 3.607 0.883 Ce 58 MͰ 3.077 Pa 91 MͰ 3.239 Mͱ 3.465 MͲ 11.922 Br 35 KͰ1,2 13.286 Kͱ
Ag 47 22.166 24.928 25.512 2.984 3.150 3.347 3.350 3.525 3.807 0.929 Pr 59 MͰ 3.133 Cd 48 LͰ1 3.316 Lͱ1 3.528 Lͱ2 12-13 keV
Cd 48 23.175 26.081 26.711 3.133 3.316 3.528 3.537 3.727 4.018 3.165 U 92 MͰ 3.336 Mͱ 3.563 MͲ 12.029 Fr 87 LͰ1 14.768 Lͱ1 14.448 Lͱ2
In 49 24.209 27.260 27.937 3.286 3.487 3.713 3.730 3.939 4.237 0.930 Cu 29 LͰ 12.338 Ra 88 LͰ1 15.233 Lͱ1 14.839 Lͱ2
3.286 In 49 LͰ1 3.487 Lͱ1 3.713 Lͱ2
Sn 50 25.272 28.467 29.190 3.443 3.662 3.904 3.928 4.157 4.464 0.978 Nd 60 MͰ 12.649 Kr 36 KͰ1,2 14.107 Kͱ1
Sb 51 26.359 29.797 30.481 3.604 3.843 4.100 4.132 4.381 4.698 Bragg's Law: 3.313 K 19 KͰ1,2 3.589 Kͱ
12.650 Ac 89 LͰ1 15.711 Lͱ1 15.929 Lͱ3
Te 52 27.471 30.974 31.811 3.768 4.029 4.301 4.341 4.612 4.939 1-2 keV 3.443 Sn 50 LͰ1 3.662 Lͱ1 3.904 Lͱ2
I 53 28.615 32.272 33.167 3.937 4.220 4.507 4.558 4.853 5.191 nλ = 2d sinθ 1.012 Zn 30 LͰ 3.604 Sb 51 LͰ1 3.843 Lͱ 4.100 Lͱ2
12.967 Th 90 LͰ1 16.201 Lͱ1 15.621 Lͱ2
13-14 keV
Xe 54 29.779 33.600 34.590 4.109 4.417 4.717 4.781 5.103 5.452 1.040 Na 11 KͰ 3.691 Ca 20 KͰ1,2 4.012 Kͱ 13.288 Pa 91 LͰ1 16.699 Lͱ1 16.022 Lͱ2
Cs 55 30.971 34.960 35.987 4.286 4.619 4.935 5.011 5.357 5.720 3.768 Te 52 LͰ 4.029 Lͱ1 4.301 Lͱ2 13.393 Rb 37 KͰ1,2 14.956 Kͱ
Ba 56 32.196 36.354 37.542 4.465 4.827 5.156 5.246 5.622 5.995 0.779 1.081 Sm 62 MͰ
4.650 5.041 5.383 3.937 I 53 LͰ 4.220 Lͱ1 4.507 Lͱ2 13.612 U 92 LͰ1 17.217 Lͱ1 16.425 Lͱ2
La 57 33.441 37.771 38.934 5.483 5.888 6.267 0.833 1.098 Ga 31 LͰ
Ce 58 34.717 39.223 40.453 4.893 5.261 5.612 5.723 6.160 6.547 0.883 Energy Wavelength 4-5 keV 14-15 keV
Pr 59 36.031 5.033 5.488 5.849 5.962 6.438 6.833 0.929 1.137 Eu 63 MͰ 4.090 Sc 21 KͰ1,2 4.460 Kͱ1 14.163 Sr 38 KͰ1,2 15.830 Kͱ
Nd 60 37.358 5.229 5.721 6.088 6.208 6.722 7.128 0.978 λ= 12.396 1.185 Gd 64 MͰ 4.109 Xe 54 LͰ 4.417 Lͱ1 4.717 Lͱ2 14.955 Y 39 KͰ1,2 16.731 Kͱ
Pm 61 38.725 5.432 5.960 6.338 6.459 7.013 7.434 1.032 15-16 keV
Sm 62 40.118 5.635 6.204 6.586 6.716 7.312 7.747 1.081 E 1.188 Ge 32 LͰ 4.286 Cs 55 LͰ 4.619 Lͱ1 4.935 Lͱ2 15.776 Zr 40 KͰ1,2 17.660 Kͱ
Eu 63 41.534 5.845 6.455 6.842 1.240 Tb 65 MͰ 4.465 Ba 56 LͰ 4.827 Lͱ1 5.156 Lͱ2 16-17 keV
6.979 7.618 8.059 1.131
Gd 64 42.992 6.056 6.712 7.102 7.242 7.930 8.385 1.185 1.254 Mg 12 KͰ 4.510 Ti 22 KͰ1,2 4.931 Kͱ1 16.617 Nb 41 KͰ1,2 18.729 Kͱ
Tb 65 44.476 6.272 6.977 7.365 7.514 8.251 8.715 1.240 4.650 La 57 LͰ 5.041 Lͱ1 5.383 Lͱ2
Dy 66 45.997 6.494 7.246 7.634 7.880 8.582 9.050 1.293 1.282 As 33 LͰ 4.839 Ce 58 LͰ 5.261 Lͱ1 5.612 Lͱ2
Ho 67 47.534 6.719 7.524 7.910 8.066 8.915 9.398 1.347 FWHM = Full Width Half Maximum 1.293 Dy 66 MͰ 4.952 V 23 KͰ1,2 5.426 Kͱ1 Above 17 keV
Er 68 49.100 6.947 7.809 8.188 8.356 9.260 9.756 1.405 1.347 Ho 67 MͰ 17.481 (17.476, 17.371) Mo 42 KͰ1,2 19.599 Kͱ
Tm 69 50.730 7.179 8.100 8.467 9.424 8.648 9.615 10.119 1.462 R = Resolution (eV) @ MnKα 5-6 keV
7.414 8.400 8.757 9.778 1.379 Se 34 LͰ 5.033 Pr 59 LͰ 5.488 Lͱ1 5.849 Lͱ2 18.368 (18.364, 18.248) Tc 43 KͰ1,2 20.608 Kͱ
Yb 70 52.362 8.942 9.974 10.489 1.521
Lu 71 54.078 7.654 8.706 9.045 10.142 9.247 10.343 10.872 1.581 E = X-ray Energy 1.405 Er 68 MͰ 5.229 Nd 60 LͰ 5.721 Lͱ1 6.088 Lͱ2 19.282 (19.276, 19.147) Ru 44 KͰ1,2 21.646 Kͱ
Hf 72 55.801 7.898 9.021 9.346 10.514 9.556 10.734 11.272 1.644 5.414 Cr 24 KͰ1,2 5.946 Kͱ1 20.217 (20.213, 20.070) Rh 45 KͰ1,2 22.712 Kͱ
Ta 73 57.450 8.145 9.342 9.650 10.893 9.875 11.130 11.680 1.709 λ = Wavelength (Angstroms) 1.462 Tm 69 MͰ
5.432 Pm 61 LͰ 5.960 Lͱ1 6.338 Lͱ2 21.180 (21.174, 21.017) Pd 46 KͰ1,2 23.806 Kͱ
W 74 59.305 8.396 9.671 9.960 11.284 10.198 11.537 12.098 1.774 1.480 Br 35 LͰ
Re 75 61.122 8.651 10.008 10.274 11.683 10.529 11.953 12.529 1.842 5.635 Sm 62 LͰ 6.204 Lͱ1 6.586 Lͱ2 22.166 (22.159, 21.987) Ag 47 KͰ1,2 24.928 Kͱ
Os 76 62.989 8.910 10.354 10.597 12.093 10.866 12.379 12.969 1.910 1.486 Al 13 KͰ 5.845 Eu 63 LͰ 6.455 Lͱ1 6.842 Lͱ2 23.175 (23.170, 22.980) Cd 48 KͰ1,2 26.081 Kͱ1,3
Ir 77 64.906 9.174 10.706 10.919 12.510 11.210 12.818 13.421 1.978 1.521 Yb 70 MͰ 5.898 Mn 25 KͰ1,2 6.489 Kͱ1 24.209 (24.206, 23.998) In 49 KͰ1,2 27.260 Kͱ1,3
Pt 78 66.834 9.441 11.069 11.249 12.940 11.560 13.270 13.880 2.048 Energies of the Principal X-Ray Emission Lines 1.581 Lu 71 MͰ 6-7 keV
Au 79 68.804 9.712 11.440 11.583 13.379 11.919 13.734 14.351 2.120 25.272 (25.267, 25.040) Sn 50 KͰ1,2 28.467 Kͱ1,3
1.586 Kr 36 LͰ 6.056 Gd 64 LͰ 6.712 Lͱ1 7.102 Lͱ2 26.359 (26.355, 26.106) Sb 51 KͰ1,2 29.797 Kͱ1,3
Hg 80 70.806 9.987 11.821 11.922 13.828 12.284 14.212 14.840 2.191
Tl 81 72.869 10.256 12.211 12.270 14.289 12.658 14.698 15.340 2.268
X-RAY ENERGY 6.272 Tb 65 LͰ 6.977 Lͱ1 7.365 Lͱ2
KeV 1.644 Hf 72 MͰ 27.471 (27.468, 27.197) Te 52 KͰ1,2 30.974 Kͱ1,3
Pb 82 74.989 10.550 12.612 12.621 14.762 13.038 15.203 15.852 2.342 6.403 Fe 26 KͰ1,2 7.057 Kͱ1
1.694 Rb 37 LͰ 28.615 (28.607, 28.312 I 53 KͰ1,2 32.272 Kͱ1,3
Bi 83 77.091 10.837 13.024 12.978 15.245 13.424 15.717 16.373 2.419 40
Kͱ
6.494 Dy 66 LͰ 7.246 Lͱ1 7.634 Lͱ2
Po 84 79.272 11.129 13.445 13.338 15.741 13.817 16.244 16.935 2.505 KͰ 1.709 Ta 73 MͰ 6.719 Ho 67 LͰ 7.524 Lͱ1 7.910 Lͱ2 29.779 (29.774, 29.453) Xe 54 KͰ1,2 33.600 Kͱ1,3
At 85 81.513 11.425 13.874 13.669 16.249 14.215 16.784 17.490 2.585 1.740 Si 14 KͰ 6.929 Co 27 KͰ1,2 7.648 Kͱ1 30.971 (30.968, 30.620) Cs 55 KͰ1,2 34.960 Kͱ1,3
Rn 86 83.711 11.725 14.313 14.069 16.768 14.618 17.337 18.058 2.665 30 32.196 (32.188, 31.812) Ba 56 KͰ1,2 36.354 Kͱ1.3
Fr 87 86.098 12.029 14.768 14.443 17.300 15.028 17.904 18.638 2.747 1.774 W 74 MͰ 6.947 Er 68 LͰ 7.809 Lͱ1 8.188 Lͱ2
Ra 88 88.480 12.338 15.233 14.833 17.845 15.441 18.482 19.234 2.830 7-8 keV 33.441 (33.436, 33.028) La 57 KͰ1,2 37.771 Kͱ1,3
1.806 Sr 38 LͰ
Ac 89 90.880 12.650 15.711 15.229 18.405 15.865 19.078 19.842 2.915 Lͱ 7.179 Tm 69 LͰ 8.100 Lͱ1 8.467 Lͱ2 34.717 (34.714, 34.273) Ce 58 KͰ1,2 39.223 Kͱ1,3
Th 90 93.382 12.967 16.201 15.621 18.979 16.296 19.679 20.459 2.991
20
1.842 Re 75 MͰ 7.414 Yb 70 LͰ 8.400 Lͱ1 8.755 Lͱ2 36.031 (36.020, 35.544) Pr 59 KͰ1,2 40.771 Kͱ1,3
Pa 91 95.886 13.288 16.699 16.022 19.565 16.765 20.358 21.168 3.077 LͰ
1.910 Os 76 MͰ 7.477 Ni 28 KͰ1,2 8.263 Kͱ1 37.358 (37.355, 36.841) Nd 60 KͰ1,2
U 92 98.434 13.612 17.217 16.425 20.164 17.162 20.943 21.766 3.165 1.922 Y 39 LͰ
10 7.654 Lu 71 LͰ 8.706 Lͱ1 9.045 Lͱ2 38.725 (38.718, 38.165) Pm 61 KͰ1,2
Ele- Atm.
ment No. KͰ Kͱ Kab LͰ Lͱ1 Lͱ2 LͲ2 Llllab Lllab Llab M M 1.978 Ir 77 MͰ 7.898 Hf 72 LͰ 9.021 Lͱ1 9.346 Lͱ2 40.118 (40.111, 39.516) Sm 62 KͰ1,2
A listing of each element from lithium upwards by increasing Energy Element Atomic Principal Energy Element Atomic Principal Less Intense Lesser Intense Energy Individual Energies Element Atomic Principal Less Intense
0 20 40 60 80 100
atomic number with attendant K, L & M Line energies (up to 40 keV). ATOMIC NUMBER
Number Emission Number Emission Minor Linor Minor Line Number Emission Minor Linor
Line Line Energy Line Energy Line Line Energy Line