PHP MVC - Definition - Sample MVC application - Advantages

1. PHP MVCPHP MVC
Reggie Niccolo SantosReggie Niccolo Santos
UP ITDCUP ITDC

2. 
DefinitionDefinition

Sample MVC applicationSample MVC application

AdvantagesAdvantages
OutlineOutline

3. 
Model-View-ControllerModel-View-Controller

Most used architectural pattern for today's webMost used architectural pattern for today's web
applicationsapplications

Originally described in terms of a design patternOriginally described in terms of a design pattern
for use with Smalltalk by Trygyve Reenskaug infor use with Smalltalk by Trygyve Reenskaug in
19791979

The paper was published under the titleThe paper was published under the title
”Applications Programming in Smalltalk-80:”Applications Programming in Smalltalk-80:
How to use Model-View-Controller”How to use Model-View-Controller”
MVCMVC

4. MVCMVC

5. 
Responsible for managing the dataResponsible for managing the data

Stores and retrieves entities used by anStores and retrieves entities used by an
application, usually from a database but can alsoapplication, usually from a database but can also
include invocations of external web services orinclude invocations of external web services or
APIsAPIs

Contains the logic implemented by theContains the logic implemented by the
application (business logic)application (business logic)
ModelModel

6. 
Responsible to display the data provided by theResponsible to display the data provided by the
model in a specific formatmodel in a specific format
View (Presentation)View (Presentation)

7. 
Handles the model and view layers to workHandles the model and view layers to work
togethertogether

Receives a request from the client, invokes theReceives a request from the client, invokes the
model to perform the requested operations andmodel to perform the requested operations and
sends the data to the viewsends the data to the view
ControllerController

8. MVC Collaboration DiagramMVC Collaboration Diagram

9. MVC Sequence DiagramMVC Sequence Diagram

10. Sample MVC ApplicationSample MVC Application

11. require_once("controller/Controller.php");require_once("controller/Controller.php");
$controller = new Controller();$controller = new Controller();
$controller->invoke();$controller->invoke();
Entry point - index.phpEntry point - index.php

12. 
The application entry point will be index.phpThe application entry point will be index.php

The index.php file will delegate all the requestsThe index.php file will delegate all the requests
to the controllerto the controller
Entry point - index.phpEntry point - index.php

13. require_once("model/Model.php");require_once("model/Model.php");
cclass Controller {lass Controller {
public $model;public $model;
public function __construct()public function __construct()
{{
$this->model = new Model();$this->model = new Model();
}}
// continued...// continued...
Controller – controller/Controller.phpController – controller/Controller.php

14. require_once("model/Model.php");require_once("model/Model.php");
cclass Controller {lass Controller {
public $model;public $model;
public function __construct()public function __construct()
{{
$this->model = new Model();$this->model = new Model();
}}
// continued...// continued...
Controller – controller/Controller.phpController – controller/Controller.php

15. pupublic function invoke()blic function invoke()
{{
if (!isset($_GET['book']))if (!isset($_GET['book']))
{{
// no special book is requested, we'll// no special book is requested, we'll
show a list of all available booksshow a list of all available books
$books = $this->model->getBookList();$books = $this->model->getBookList();
include 'view/booklist.php';include 'view/booklist.php';
}}
elseelse
{{
// show the requested book// show the requested book
$book = $this->model->getBook$book = $this->model->getBook
($_GET['book']);($_GET['book']);
include 'view/viewbook.php';include 'view/viewbook.php';
}}
}}
}}
Controller – controller/Controller.phpController – controller/Controller.php

16. 
The controller is the first layer which takes aThe controller is the first layer which takes a
request, parses it, initializes and invokes therequest, parses it, initializes and invokes the
model, takes the model response and sends it tomodel, takes the model response and sends it to
the view or presentation layerthe view or presentation layer
Controller – controller/Controller.phpController – controller/Controller.php

17. class Book {class Book {
public $title;public $title;
public $author;public $author;
public $description;public $description;
public function __construct($title, $author,public function __construct($title, $author,
$description)$description)
{{
$this->title = $title;$this->title = $title;
$this->author = $author;$this->author = $author;
$this->description = $description;$this->description = $description;
}}
}}
Model – model/Book.phpModel – model/Book.php

18. 
Their sole purpose is to keep dataTheir sole purpose is to keep data

Depending on the implementation, entity objectsDepending on the implementation, entity objects
can be replaced by XML or JSON chunk of datacan be replaced by XML or JSON chunk of data

It is recommended that entities do notIt is recommended that entities do not
encapsulate any business logicencapsulate any business logic
Model - EntitiesModel - Entities

19. require_once("model/Book.php");require_once("model/Book.php");
class Model {class Model {
public function getBookList()public function getBookList()
{{
// here goes some hardcoded values to simulate// here goes some hardcoded values to simulate
the databasethe database
return array(return array(
"Jungle Book" => new Book("Jungle Book", "R."Jungle Book" => new Book("Jungle Book", "R.
Kipling", "A classic book."),Kipling", "A classic book."),
"Moonwalker" => new Book("Moonwalker", "J."Moonwalker" => new Book("Moonwalker", "J.
Walker", ""),Walker", ""),
"PHP for Dummies" => new Book("PHP for"PHP for Dummies" => new Book("PHP for
Dummies", "Some Smart Guy", "")Dummies", "Some Smart Guy", "")
););
}}
// continued...// continued...
Model – model/Model.phpModel – model/Model.php

20. public function getBook($title)public function getBook($title)
{{
// we use the previous function to get all the// we use the previous function to get all the
books and then we return the requested one.books and then we return the requested one.
// in a real life scenario this will be done// in a real life scenario this will be done
through a db select commandthrough a db select command
$allBooks = $this->getBookList();$allBooks = $this->getBookList();
return $allBooks[$title];return $allBooks[$title];
}}
}}
Model – model/Model.phpModel – model/Model.php

21. 
In a real-world scenario, the model will include allIn a real-world scenario, the model will include all
the entities and the classes to persist data intothe entities and the classes to persist data into
the database, and the classes encapsulating thethe database, and the classes encapsulating the
business logicbusiness logic
ModelModel

22. <html><html>
<head></head><head></head>
<body><body>
<?php<?php
echo 'Title:' . $book->title . '<br/>';echo 'Title:' . $book->title . '<br/>';
echo 'Author:' . $book->author . '<br/>';echo 'Author:' . $book->author . '<br/>';
echo 'Description:' . $book->description .echo 'Description:' . $book->description .
'<br/>';'<br/>';
?>?>
</body></body>
</html></html>
View – view/viewbook.phpView – view/viewbook.php

23. <html><html>
<head></head><head></head>
<body><body>
<table><tbody><table><tbody>
<tr><td>Title</td><td>Author</td><tr><td>Title</td><td>Author</td>
<td>Description</td></tr><td>Description</td></tr>
<?php<?php
foreach ($books as $title => $book)foreach ($books as $title => $book)
{{
echo '<tr><td><a href="index.php?book='.echo '<tr><td><a href="index.php?book='.
$book->title.'">'.$book->title.'</a></td><td>'.$book->title.'">'.$book->title.'</a></td><td>'.
$book->author.'</td><td>'.$book-$book->author.'</td><td>'.$book-
>description.'</td></tr>';>description.'</td></tr>';
}}
?>?>
</tbody></table></tbody></table>
</body></body>
</html></html>
View – view/booklist.phpView – view/booklist.php

24. 
Responsible for formatting the data receivedResponsible for formatting the data received
from the model in a form accessible to the userfrom the model in a form accessible to the user

The data can come in different formats from theThe data can come in different formats from the
model: simple objects (sometimes called Valuemodel: simple objects (sometimes called Value
Objects), XML structures, JSON, etc.Objects), XML structures, JSON, etc.
ViewView

25. 
The Model and View are separated, making theThe Model and View are separated, making the
application more flexibleapplication more flexible

The Model and View can be changed separately,The Model and View can be changed separately,
or replacedor replaced

Each module can be tested and debuggedEach module can be tested and debugged
separatelyseparately
AdvantagesAdvantages

26. http://php-html.net/tutorials/model-view-controller-in-phttp://php-html.net/tutorials/model-view-controller-in-p
http://www.htmlgoodies.com/beyond/php/article.php/3http://www.htmlgoodies.com/beyond/php/article.php/3
http://www.phpro.org/tutorials/Model-View-Controller-Mhttp://www.phpro.org/tutorials/Model-View-Controller-M
http://www.particletree.com/features/4-layers-of-separhttp://www.particletree.com/features/4-layers-of-separ
ReferencesReferences