This document discusses various ground improvement techniques used to address problematic soils and ground conditions. It covers methods like compaction, dynamic compaction, vibro-displacement, preloading with vertical drains, deep soil mixing, grouting, ground freezing, biotechnical stabilization, reinforced soil, and geosynthetics reinforcement. The selection of a technique depends on factors like the type of ground, required improvement, constraints, and costs. Proper design, execution, and quality control are needed to effectively apply these ground improvement methods.

1. GROUND IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUES
Prof. E.Saibaba Reddy
B.Tech, M.E.(Hons) Roorkee, Ph.D (Nottingham, UK)
Post Doc,(Halifax Canada), Post Doc (Birmingham UK)
&
Eadala Rakesh Reddy
B.Tech (JNTUH), M.Tech (VSSUT-Gold Medal),
(Ph.D)- Andhra University-DST-Inspire Fellow
Chief Consultant –EE Engineering Construction Services

4. TYPES OF GROUND CONDITIONS

5. TYPES OF GROUND CONDITIONS

6. PRINCIPLES OF GROUND IMPROVEMENT

7. FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR GROUND
IMPROVEMENT

8. DECISION OF TECHNIQUE DEPENDS ON THE
FOLLOWING FACTORS

9. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS TO BE
CONSIDERED

10. PROBLEMATIC GEOMATERIALS AND
POTENTIAL PROBLEMS

11. FAILURES DUE TO PROBLEMATIC SOILS

12. FAILURES DUE TO PROBLEMATIC SOILS

13. FROST HEAVE – PROBLEMATIC SOILS

14. LIQUEFACTION

18. CONCEPT OF GROUND IMPROVEMENT

19. GROUND IMPROVEMENT METHODS

20. GROUND IMPROVEMENT: SOIL DEPENDENCY

21. GROUND IMPROVEMENT: SUITABILITY

22. LIST OF GROUND IMPROVEMENT
TECHNIQUES

23. LIST OF GROUND IMPROVEMENT
TECHNIQUES

24. LIST OF GROUND IMPROVEMENT
TECHNIQUES

25. COMPACTION
• Most common and visible technique used in field
• Involves improving mechanical properties of soil by densifyingthe
particles using compactive effort.
• Soil strength and density will be maximum when compacted at
optimum moisture content.
• Compaction causes densification, reducing the voids thereby
improving the strength and stability of the soil

26. PRINCIPLE/MECHANISM

27. OBJECTIVES OF COMPACTION

28. COMPACTION MECHANICS

29. ENGINEERED BEHAVIOR OF COMPACTED
FINE GRAINED SOILS

30. ENGINEERED BEHAVIOR OF COMPACTED
FINE GRAINED SOILS

31. FIELD COMPACTION

32. DEEP COMPACTION TECHNIQUES
• Vibrocompaction
• Dynamic compaction
• Compaction grouting
• Prefabricated Vertical drains
• Blasting

33. DYNAMIC COMPACTION

34. DYNAMIC COMPACTION

35. DYNAMIC COMPACTION

36. DYNAMIC COMPACTION

37. DYNAMIC COMPACTION

38. DYNAMIC COMPACTION

39. DYNAMIC COMPACTION

40. DYNAMIC COMPACTION

42. VIBRO-DISPLACEMENT

43. SAND COMPACTION PILES

44. SAND COMPACTION PILES

45. COMPACTION PILES IN SAND

46. VIBROFLOATATION

47. VIBROFLOATATION PROCEDURE

48. VIBROFLOATATION

49. VIBROFLOATATION IN CLAYS

50. EXPLOSIONS IN SANDS

51. VIBRATORY COMPACTORS

52. STONE COLUMNS

53. DRY VIBRO STONE COLUMNS - PROCESS

54. DRY VIBRO STONE COLUMNS – EXECUTION

55. SUITABLE SOILS

56. METHODS OF INSTALLATION – STONE COLUMNS

57. CASED BOREHOLE METHOD/ RAMMED
STONE COLUMN

58. CASED BOREHOLE METHOD/ RAMMED STONE
COLUMN

59. RAMMED STONE COLUMN- PROCEDURE

60. VIBROCOMPOSER METHOD

61. CONVENTIONAL METHOD

62. DESIGN CRITERIA

63. QUALITY CONTROL MEASURES – PRE &
POST

64. PRELOADING

65. PRELOADING

66. VACUUM PRELOADING

67. TYPE OF VERTICAL DRAINS

68. ADVANTAGES OF PVD

69. DESIGN OF PVD

70. DEEPING SOIL MIXING

71. DEEP SOIL MIXING

72. GROUTING

73. THERMAL METHODS

74. STABILIZATION BY HEATING

75. METHODS

76. SCHEMATIC VIEW OF GROUND HEATING

77. GROUND FREEZING

78. STRENGTH VS TEMPERATURE FOR
DIFFERENT SOILS

79. PROCEDURE

80. GROUND FREEZING

81. METHODS OF FREEZING

82. BRINE FREEZING

83. LIN FREEZING

84. ADVANTAGES

87. PARAMETERS

88. APPLICATIONS

89. APPLICATIONS

90. APPLICATIONS

91. APPLICATIONS

92. APPLICATIONS

93. APPLICATIONS

94. BIOTECHNICAL STABILIZATION

95. METHODS

96. BENEFITS OF BIOTECHNICAL SOIL STABILIZATION
TECHNIQUES

97. REINFORCED SOIL

98. TYPES OF SOIL REINFORCEMENT

99. MAJOR APPLICATIONS OF SOIL
REINFORCEMENT

100. MAJOR APPLICATIONS OF SOIL
REINFORCEMENT

103. TYPICAL CROSS SECTION OF HIGHWAY
RETAINING WALL

104. DESIGN OF SOIL REINFORCED RETAINING
WALL

105. EXTERNAL STABILITY CHECKS

106. INTERNAL STABILITY CHECKS

108. DESIGN OF THE PROJECT

109. SEGMENTAL BLOCK WALLS & CONCRETE
PANEL WALLS

110. REINFORCEMENT FOR GROUND
IMPROVEMENT

111. GEOSYNTHETHICS REINFORCEMENT
APPLICATION

113. REINFORCED PILE EMBANKMENTS

114. REINFORCEMENT TECHNIQUE AT BRIDGE
RAMPS

115. SEQUENCE OF EVENTS – NO
REINFORCEMENT

116. SEQUENCE OF EVENTS – WITH
REINFORCEMENT

117. REINFORCED EMBANKMENT FOR SERVICE
CORRIDOR PROJECT

118. REINFORCED EMBANKMENT FOR SERVICE
CORRIDOR PROJECT