6. Assessment of heart size, contour and
configuration
Pulmonary vascularity
Pleural effusion
Pericardial effusion
Abdominal situs
Increased or decreased pulmonary blood flow
Fluffy hilam shadows
Increased pulmonary venous markings
7. Positions of ET tube
Presence of fluid or air
CT ratio
Cardiomegaly
Left ventricular or right ventricular
enlargement
Constrictive pericarditis
Acute fulminant myocarditis
Acute pericardial tamponade
9. Use of specialized pulmonary artery catheter
CO = 1.08 X Vi (Tb – Ti )/ e0Tb (t)dt
Where Vi = injectate volume
Tb = temperature of blood
Ti = injectate temperature
Tb(t) = area under the curve
10. Fick principle
Cardiac output = O2 consumption / (Arterial
– venous O2 content )
The best site to obtain a mixed venous
sample is within the pulmonary artery .
Arteriovenous O2 difference is often used as
an indirect measure of CO
11. Mean velocity of systolic flow
Heart rate
Integrated flow velocity
Pulse oximetry
Measures quantity of hemoglobin saturated
with O2 in peripheral arterial blood.
12. Assessment of tissue hypoxia
Blood lactate concentration
Hydrogen ion concentration
Anion gap
Serum creatinine
13. Indirect assessment of perfusion by
measuring gut intramucosal pH or partial
pressure of carbon dioxide
Adds to continuous online measurement
14. Paediatric intravenous fluid therapy
measures
Oliguria
Reflects intravascular fluid status
Low SVR
Good measure of tissue perfusion
15. Assessment of systemic and regional
oxygen transport
Used in catheter based or surgical
interventions
16. Cardiac function Impact on QOT
Reduced ventricular systolic function Increased filling pressure , increased
ionotropic or pressor support
Reduced ventricular diastolic function Increased filling pressure, increased
pressor support
Abnormal rhythm Increased pressor / ionotropic support
Single ventricle with A P shunt Increased filling pressure
Intracardiac structural lesions Increased ionotropic or pressor
support