1. Patrick Mose Creating Graphics for Learning and Performance
Chapter 4: Review: ACE with PAT
This chapter focuses on the entire process involved in producing visuals
used for learning purpose. Three broad elements of analyzing, creating and
evaluating have been identified as the pillar of the process. All these elements
have a varied level of complexity depending on the subject. Analysis component
requires one to know exactly what one is looking for in a particular piece of
work. Lohr (2008) posits that creation is the most difficult component among the
three especially where one is required to generate an idea and build on it. Other
factors considered in this component range from selection, organization, to the
actions and tools required for the process.
Lohr (2008) refers to Landa’s (1998) interesting idea of synectics i.e.,
brainstorming on an idea in order to familiarize with it before taking any action.
Lohr’s strategy of using analogies to generate ideas is particularly interesting to
me because by visualizing ideas first, an understanding is struck quickly. This
introduces us to the PAT model (Principles, Actions, and Tools) he proposes. To
my understanding, the two models gives clear guidelines for creating intended
finished product. The analysis component applies principles of selection, creation
and organizing while creation component is action oriented.
Finally, to confirm whether an idea has worked one has to conduct some
evaluation using several tools. Making aesthetic judgments using tools like color,

2. texture, shape and others gives users an evaluation platform for the end product.
Generally the chapter is a discussion of how to generate ideas using different
types of instructional models ACE, ADDIE, PAT. Notably, these models seem to
complement one another in achieving the main goal of creating effective visual.
Reference
Lohr, L. (2008). Creating Graphics for Learning and Performance: Lessons in
Visual Literacy. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.