A Presentation based on some selected Questions and Answers from the book by Ajahn Jayasaro. The texts are in English and Chinese. For the Video with audio narration, comments and explanation in Hokkien, please check out the Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7cf0MmuraSA

1. 1
有意义的问题，
有见地的答案
Questions and Answers from the Book “Without and Within” by Ajahn Jayasaro
Ajahn Jayasaro 所著 “内外”一书中的问答

2. 2
What does taking refuge mean?
皈依是什么意思？
Life is full of difficulties, and never free from pain
or at least its possibility.
Feeling unsafe and in a chronic state of lack, human
beings crave a sense of safety and security. Many
seek it through the adoption of a belief system or
the comfort of rituals. Equally popular is the path of
distraction: pursuing sense pleasures, wealth, fame,
power and status. In the Buddhist view none of these
strategies achieves its aim. Sensuality and worldly
success cannot satisfy the deepest human needs.
Faith in dogmas and ritual observances
cannot provide a true refuge.
生活充满了困难，永远不会摆脱痛苦，或者至少没
有痛苦的可能性。 感觉不安全并处于长期缺乏的状
态，人类渴望安全感。 许多人通过采用信仰体系或
舒适的仪式来寻求它。 同样流行的是分心之道：追
求感官愉悦、财富、名誉、权力和地位。 在佛教看
来，这些策略都没有达到目的。 肉欲和世俗的成功
无法满足人类最深层次的需求。 对教条和仪式的信
仰不能提供真正的避难所
佛教的“三宝”~
佛陀 -老师； 佛法 -
教义; 僧伽 - 社区
Answer continued at Next Slide. 答案在下一张幻灯片继续
Ajahn
Jayasaro

3. 3
What does taking refuge mean?
皈依是什么意思？
As long as human beings lack clear understanding of
their lives, and continue to commit unwise actions,
they can never be secure.
Taking refuge in the “Triple Gem” (The Buddha, the
Dhamma and the Sangha) is considered to be the first
step to liberation from suffering and its causes
because it gives Buddhists a grounding and a
direction for their efforts to reach that goal. Taking
refuge signals the first step of commitment
to the path of the Buddha. Buddhists declare that they
seek refuge in the Buddha as their teacher and guide;
in the Dhamma, his teachings, as their path; and in
the Sangha, his enlightened disciples, as their
inspiration on the path.
只要人类对自己的生活缺乏清晰的认识，继续做出不明智
的行为，他们永远不会安全。皈依“三宝”（佛、法、僧）
被认为是从痛苦及其原因中解脱的第一步，因为它为佛教
徒提供了一个基础和方向，以帮助他们努力实现这一目标。
皈依标志着承诺的第一步到佛道。 佛教徒宣称他们皈依佛
陀作为他们的老师和指导者； 以佛法，他的教法，作为他
们的道路； 而在僧伽中，他的觉悟弟子，作为他们在修行
路上的灵感。

4. 4
Human beings can experience two kinds
of happiness: that which is
dependent upon an external stimulus and
that which is not. The first kind
of happiness is experienced at its most
basic level in sensual pleasure:
seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting and
touching agreeable things. It also
includes the positive emotions we
experience through personal relation-
ships, worldly accomplishment
and social status.
人类可以体验两种幸福：一种依赖于外部刺
激的幸福，另一种不依赖于外部刺激的幸福。
第一种快乐是在感官愉悦的最基本层次上体
验的：看、听、闻、尝和触摸令人愉快的事
物。 它还包括我们通过人际关系、世俗成就
和社会地位所体验到的积极情绪。
What does Buddhism teach about
the nature of happiness?
佛教教的是什么幸福的本质？
Worldly sensual happiness 世俗的感官幸福
Answer continued at Next Slide.
答案在下一张幻灯片继续

5. 5
What does Buddhism teach about
the nature of happiness?
佛教教的是什么幸福的本质？
The second kind of happiness is known
through spiritual development. It is first
enjoyed through the cultivation of
generosity and moral discipline, but
reaches its most profound levels through
meditation. Seasoned meditators recognize
the zest and bliss that arise in a focused
mind as unquestionably superior to
pleasures dependent upon the grosser
senses. But refined meditative states do not
constitute the highest happiness.
第二种幸福是通过灵性发展来认识的。 它最
初是通过培养布施和戒律来享受的，但通过
冥想达到最深的层次。 经验丰富的禅修者认
识到，在专注的头脑中产生的热情和幸福无
疑优于依赖于粗俗感官的快乐。 但精致的冥
想状态并不构成最高的幸福。
Buddhist
Moral
Precepts
佛教道德
戒律
Answer continued at
Next Slide.
答案在下一张幻灯片继续

6. 6
It is in the gradual abandonment of toxic
mental states—the root cause of suffering—
that the practitioner discovers a stable and
sublime sense of well-being. This is
considered as a higher kind of happiness
which is experienced as a natural expression
of the cultivated mind, rather than as a
transient experience subject to gain and loss.
Lay Buddhists are encouraged to pursue, in
moderation, worldly happiness compatible
with access to inner happiness; and to
relinquish indulgence in worldly pleasures that
turn the mind away from spiritual cultivation.
正是在逐渐放弃有毒的心理状态——痛苦的根本原
因——中，修行者发现了一种稳定而崇高的幸福感。
这被认为是一种更高层次的幸福体验是修养心灵的自
然表达，而不是受制于得失的短暂体验。鼓励在家佛
教徒适度追求与获得内在幸福相适应的世俗幸福； 并
放弃沉迷于使心灵远离修行的世俗享乐。
What does Buddhism teach about
the nature of happiness?
佛教教的是什么幸福的本质？
For Your Reflection
If by renouncing a lesser happiness
one may realize a greater happiness,
let the wise man renounce the lesser,
having regard for the greater.
Dhammapada Verse 290
供您反思 如果舍弃小乐，可以
证得大乐，让智者舍弃小乐，考
虑到更大的。
法经290句

7. 7
What does it mean to “let go”?
“放手”是什么意思？
The Buddha taught us to observe how we
constantly create suffering for ourselves by
grasping onto the body and its senses, feelings,
perceptions, thoughts, emotions as being “me”
or “mine”. Learning how to abandon that habit
is learning how to “let go”. It is not possible
through an act of will. Letting go occurs
naturally when the trained mind is keen enough
to perceive that there is nothing to be found in
our direct experience which
corresponds to the concept of “me” and “mine”.
佛陀教导我们观察我们如何不断地为自己制造
痛苦，将身体及其感官、感觉、认知、思想、
情绪视为“我”或“我的”。 学习如何放弃这种习
惯就是学习如何“放手”。 通过意志的行为是不
可能的。 当受过训练的头脑足够敏锐地感知到
在我们的直接经验中找不到任何东西，这与
“我”和“我的”概念相对应时，放手自然会发生。
Let go of the 5 aggregates
There is no ‘I, ME or MINE’.
5
Aggregates
放开 5 个聚合体：
形式，感觉，认知，
行、识。
没有“我、我或我
的”。
Answer continued at
Next Slide.
答案在下一张幻灯片继续

8. 8
“Me” and “mine” are not, however, mere
illusions; they are extremely useful social
conventions, and the Buddha taught that they
should be respected as such. Although the body,
for example, is strictly speaking “not mine”, that
does not mean that it should be neglected. Letting
go of the body does not mean giving up on
exercise, bathing and a healthy diet. It means not
allowing one’s life to be defined
in terms of the body.
然而，“我”和“我的”不只是幻想； 它们是非常有
用的社会习俗，佛陀教导它们应该受到尊重因此。
例如，虽然身体严格来说是“不是我的”，但这并
不意味着它应该被忽视。 放弃身体并不意味着放
弃锻炼、洗澡和健康饮食。 这意味着不允许以身
体来定义一个人的生命。
What does it mean to “let go”?
“放手”是什么意思？
Answer continued at
Next Slide.
答案在下一张幻灯片继续
The delusion of an eternal,
permanent “I”, “ME” and
“MINE” leads to much
Dukkha.
一个永恒的、永久的“我”的
错觉， “我”和“我的”
会导致很多苦。

9. 9
What does it mean to “let go”?
“放手”是什么意思？
It means freeing oneself from all the anxiety,
insecurity and vanity, and all the fear of aging,
sickness and death that accompanies an unwise
relationship to the body.
“Letting go” is also an idiom used for intelligent
effort. Knowing that no effort we make exists in a
vacuum, that it will always be affected to some
degree by conditions over which we have no control,
we let go of our demands and expectations for the
future. We create the best possible conditions for
reaching our goals, and then let go of the results.
这意味着将自己从所有的焦虑、不安全感和虚荣心以及
对衰老的恐惧中解脱出来，疾病和死亡伴随着与身体的
不明智的关系。“放手”也是一个用于聪明努力的成语。
知道我们所做的任何努力都不会存在于真空中，它总是
会受到某些人的影响在我们无法控制的情况下，我们放
弃了对未来的要求和期望。 我们为实现目标创造最好
的条件，然后放弃结果。
“Letting Go” frees oneself
from Anxiety, Depression,
Fear and Post-traumatic
stress disorder.
“放手”让自己摆脱焦虑，抑
郁、恐惧和创伤后应激障碍。
放下

10. 10
愿我们热切的学习和
勤奋的练习真正的佛
法带领我们稳步前进
到停止各种形式的苦。
With Metta,
Bro. Oh Teik Bin