The Maharashtra government's official website was hacked on September 20, 2007. The website remained closed for the day. Cyber crimes have been occurring since the 1820s in France. Computers can be used as tools to commit crimes like forgery, threats, identity theft, or can be targets themselves through viruses, hacking, and software piracy. Legislation is needed to address crimes involving computers and the internet. Various types of cyber crimes include hacking, information theft, email bombing, denial of service attacks, and Trojan attacks. The document then provides examples and details on some of these crimes and discusses cyber security and privacy recommendations.

1. CYBER CRIME
NOISELESS & CLUELESS THEFT

2. OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF MAHARASTRA
GOVERNMENT HACKED
 MUMBAI, 20 September 2007 — Hon. Deputy Chief
Minister and Home Minister Mr R.R. Patil confirmed
that the Maharashtra government’s official website
http://www.maharashtragovernment.in had been
hacked.
 The website remain closed for the whole day .
 As per the sources the first cyber crime ever recorded
was In France during 1820 with the principle of
Abacus.

3. COMPUTER CRIME
 Computer is used to
commit a crime
 Forgery, threatening email,
assuming someone’s identity,
sexual harassment, defamation,
spam, phishing,etc.
 Computer as a target of a
crime
 Viruses, worms, industrial
espionage, software piracy,
hacking.

4.  computer acts as a tool
for crime .
 Criminals simply devise
different ways to
undertake standard
criminal activities using
the new medium such al
LAN, PAN, MAN ,WAN
often involving the
Internet

5. PC + INTERNET = CYBER CRIME
LEGISLATION
FAR MORE
IMPERATIVE
+ =
PC + INTERNET

6. MEANWHILE…….
 First civilian bulletin
board system on-line in
Chicago. Some engaged
in darker activities.
 1984- Hacker groups
appear. Legion Of Doom
(LOD), Masters of
deception (MOD), etc.
War started.
 1988- Robert Tappan
Morris released the first
Internet worm.
Robert Tappan – Morris
worm
Chris Goggans (LOD) Mark Abene (MOD)

7. DIFFERENT TYPES OF CYBER
CRIMES
Cyber crimes
Hacking
Information
Theft
E-mail
bombing
Salami
attacks
Denial of
Service
attacks
Trojan
attacks
Web jacking

8. HACKING
In simple terms it means illegal intrusion into
a computer system without the permission of
the computer user.

9. IN THE NEWS…….
 1 out of 5 children received a
sexual solicitation or
approach over the Internet in
a one-year period of time (
www.missingchildren.com)
 California warns of massive
ID theft – personal data
stolen from computers at
University of California,
Berkeley (Oct 21, 2004 IDG
news service)
 Microsoft and Cisco
announced a new initiative to
work together to increase
internet security
(Oct 18, 2004
www.cnetnews.com)

10. INFORMATION THEFT
 Information theft is a form of stealing another
person's identity in which someone pretends to
be someone else by assuming that person's
identity, typically in order to access resources or
obtain credit and other benefits in that person's
name.

11. E-MAIL BOMBING
It is characterized by abusers repeatedly sending
an email message to a particular address at a
specific victim site.
FIR NO 76/02 PS PARLIAMENT STREET
was recorded by Mrs. SONIA GANDHI .
She received threatening E-MAILS from:
 missonrevenge84@khalsa.com
 missionrevenge84@hotmail.com

12. SALAMI ATTACKS
 an aspect of crime known as salami fraud, the
salami technique, or simply, a salami attack.
Though most often associated with electronic
banking and electronic data interchange fraud,
the concept can be applied to other scenarios
with little relation to computing.

13. DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACKSDENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACKS
 This is an act by the criminal, who floods the
bandwidth of the victims network or fills his e-mail
box with spam mail depriving him of the services he
is entitled to access or provide

14. Frequency Of Incidents Of Cyber
Crimes In India
Source: Survey conducted by ASCL
Denial of Service: Section 43
Virus: Section: 66, 43
Data Alteration: Sec. 66
U/A Access: Section 43
Email Abuse: Sec. 67,
500, Other IPC Sections
Data Theft: Sec 66, 65

15. To talk about a recent example –
The home page of the official website
of the CID,West Bengal was hacked
on 31st
October ,2011 by a suspected
Anti-Indian Organisation calling
itself THE MUSLIM LIBERATON
ARMY .
Recognising the seriousness of cyber threats the CID
West Bengal had developed a cyber crime unit under its
special operation group SOG.
CYBER TERRORISM

16. TOP CYBER CRIME COUNTRIES

17. IT ACT ,2000IT ACT ,2000
In May 2000, both the houses of the Indian
Parliament passed the Information Technology
(IT) Bill.
The Bill received the assent of the President
in August 2000 and came to be known as the
Information Technology Act, 2000.
Cyber laws are contained in the IT Act, 2000.
This Act aims to provide the legal
infrastructure for e-commerce in India.

18. PROVISIONS UNDER ITPROVISIONS UNDER IT
ACT,2000ACT,2000
Offence Under
Relevant
Section IT Act
Tampering with Computer source documents Sec.65
Hacking with Computer systems, Data alteration Sec.66
Publishing obscene information Sec.67
Un-authorized access to protected system Sec.70
Breach of Confidentiality and Privacy Sec.72
Publishing false digital signature certificates Sec.73

19. COMPUTER RELATED CRIMES
UNDER IPC AND SPECIAL
LAWS
Sending threatening messages by email Sec 503 IPC
Sending defamatory messages by email Sec 499, 500 IPC
Forgery of electronic records Sec 463, 470, 471 IPC
Bogus websites, cyber frauds Sec 420 IPC
Email spoofing Sec 416, 417, 463 IPC
Online sale of Drugs NDPS Act
Web - Jacking Sec. 383 IPC
Online sale of Arms Arms Act

20. E-MAIL SPOOFING
 Pranab Mitra , former executive of Gujarat Ambuja
Cement posed as a woman, Rita Basu, and created a
fake e-mail ID through which he contacted one V.R.
Ninawe an Abu Dhabi businessmen . After long cyber
relationship and emotional messages Mitra sent an e-
mail that ‘‘she would commit suicide’’ if Ninawe ended
the relationship. He also gave him ‘‘another friend
Ruchira Sengupta’s’’ e-mail ID which was in fact his
second bogus address. When Ninawe mailed at the
other ID he was shocked to learn that Mitra had died
and police is searching Ninawe. Mitra extorted few lacs
Rupees as advocate fees etc. Mitra even sent e-mails as
high court and police officials to extort more money.
Ninawe finally came down to Mumbai to lodge a police
case.

22. FORGERY

23. CYBER STALKING
Ritu Kohli (first lady to register
the cyber stalking case) is a victim
A friend of her husband gave her
phone number and name on a chat
site for immoral purposes.
A computer expert, Kohli was able to trace the
culprit. Now, the latter is being tried for "outraging the
modesty of a woman", under Section 509 of IPC.

24. CYBER DEFAMATION
 It can be understood as the intentional
infringement of another person's right to his good
name.
 Cyber Defamation occurs when defamation takes
place with the help of computers and / or the
Internet. E.g. someone publishes defamatory
matter about someone on a website or sends e-
mails containing defamatory information to all of
that person's friends. Information posted to a
bulletin board can be accessed by anyone.

25. PHISHING EXAMPLE

26. COMMON FORMS OF ONLINE
THREATS
 Commercial sites (e.g., offensive content )
 Domain name monetization
(e.g., click-through advertising)
 Unhappy consumer sites
(e.g., xxx-sucks. COM)
 Sale of Counterfeit Goods in Auction Sites
 Logo, Text, and Meta Tag Use in Commercial Sites
 Stopping unauthorized parties from using your trademarks
 Managing partners use of logos and trademarks
 Protecting against “Google bombing”

27. HOW TO AVOID THIS ?
 Do not give your computer password or credit
password to any one.
 Read the terms of use or End User License
Agreement (EULA) before gaming.
 If got cheated report immediately to the authorities.
 Take immediate concern.
 Don’t visit unwanted or unprotected sites.
 Use internet wisely.

28. 5 WAYS TO WIRELESS
SECURITY
 Use strong encryption - in case they are trying to break
it, make it harder for them.
 Transmit on a different frequency - this is why we
haven’t intercepted the aliens yet.
 Turn off WAP when not in use - do you leave your TV on
running when you are not at home?
 Control the wireless signal - unless you want to power
the whole city, there is no need to use signal amplifiers.
 Change the default admin password - avoid using
‘password’ as the password.

29. PROTECTION OF PERSONAL
INFO.
 Identifying Purposes:- The purposes for which personal
information is collected shall be identified by the organization at or
before the time the information is collected.
 Openness:- An organization shall make readily available to
individuals specific information about its policies and practices
relating to the management of personal information.
 Safeguards:- Personal information shall be protected by security
safeguards appropriate to the sensitivity of the information.
 Accountability:- An organization is responsible for personal
information under its control and shall designate an individual or
individuals who are accountable for the organization’s compliance.
 Accuracy:- Personal information shall be as accurate, complete,
and up-to-date as is necessary for the purposes for which it is to be
used.

30. RECOMMENDED CYBER
SAFETY TIPS
 Use antivirus softwares
 Change passwords frequently
 Insert firewalls
 Adopt regular scanning against
spyware
 Install software patches
 Uninstall unnecessary software
 Separate user accounts
 Maintain backup
 Check security settings
 Perform IT audits

31. A Final Word
Treat your password like
you treat your toothbrush.
Never give it to anyone
else to use, and change it
every few months.

32.  @9!#)”< (_@#^%@&*
 !)$)_@ $)*&
 )!@#$* &($)!#
 !%@*^%# *^*!@!(
 #^&*!^#% !#%$*/%^*$

33.  NITIN KANAUJIA
 PRIYA RAJ
 PANKAJ JANGIR
 PRATEEK SINGAL
 SAMEEKSHA SHARMA