This document provides instructions for observing children in a natural setting for 1 hour and taking detailed notes on various behaviors and interactions. The observation notes should include the age range and number of children present, what behaviors children are engaging in, how children interact with each other and adults, whether activities are age-appropriate, children's attention spans, and any gender differences. The written report should be 2-4 pages describing the observation situation and child, analyzing interesting behaviors and their significance to development, and discussing the significance of behaviors for the child and child development in general.