1. OTHER COMMON STRUCTURES
1.
It + takes / took + (O ) + Ktg + to
V0 ..
: (ai) maát ktg
ñeå
S + spend / spent + Ktg + (in) +
Ving …
: traûi qua ktg
laøm gì
Ex: It takes me 2 hours to do homework every day.
I spend 2 hours doing homework every day.
2.
S + would rather + (not) + V0 (HT) :muoán,
thích
S + would rather + V0 .. + than + V0
…
(HT) : thích ..
hôn
S + would rather + S + V2 / were +
….
(HT) : muoán,
thích
Ex: 1. She would rather go to the cinema.
2. I would rather watch TV than go out.
3. I would rather he didn’t smoke here.
3.
S + prefer + Ving / sth + to + Ving / sth : thích hôn
S + prefer + to-inf + than + to-inf …. : thích hôn
Ex: They prefer swimming to playing football.
I prefer to cook than (to) clean the floor.
4.
The last time + S + V2 … was + in +
1993
when
S’+ V2
two years
ago
Laàn cuoái …
laø …

2. S + haven’t / hasn’t + V3 ….. since
1990
since S’ +
V2
for two
years
Ñaõ khoâng ….
It is + KTG + since + S (last) + V2 Ñaõ bao laâu
keå töø ..
Ex: 1. The last time we met him was in 1990. → We haven’t met him since 1990.
2. The last time I talked to him was when I was at school.
→ I haven’t talked to him since I was at school.
3. The last time we played football was ten years ago.
→ We haven’t played football for ten years.
→ It’s ten years since we (last) played football.
5.
This is the first time + S +
have/has + V3
Laàn ñaàu
tieân...laøm
S + have never( not) + V3 + .....
before.
Chöa bao giôø laøm
tröôùc ñaây
Ex: This is the first time I have met him.= I have never met him before.
6.
S + began / started + to V0/ Ving when + S + V2
...........ago
baét ñaàu
laøm… khi
...
caùch ñaây
S + has /have + V3 … since + S + V2
Has/ have + been + Ving for khoaûng thôøi
gian
Ñaõ laøm....keå
töø khi..
.... trong
ktg
Ex: He started to learn English when he was 5 years old
→ He has learned English since he was 5 years old
Ex: He began working here 6 years ago= he has been working here for 6
years

3. 7.
It’s (high / about) time + for + O + to V0 : ñaõ ñeán luùc
It’s (high / about) time + S + V2
Ex: It’s time she went to bed. It’s time for her to go to bed.
Ex: I shouldn't have stayed up last night. ( I stayed up last night and now I regret)
The woman might have gone home.
8. a)
It + be + adj + (for O ) + to-inf …
Ving
… + be + adj ….
To-inf
Ex: It is important (for us) to study English.
To study English is important. Studying English is important.
b)
nice
polite
It’s + kind + of + sb + to-inf
… :
considerate
rude
töû teá
lòch söï
töû teá
chu ñaùo
thoâ loã
Ex: It is kind of you to help me with the homework.
c)
nice
polite
Sngöôøi + be + kind to + sb /
sth
considerate
rude...
töû teá
lòch söï
töû teá
chu ñaùo
thoâ loã
EX: He is kind to everyone. You are a little rude to customers
9. Extra object “it”:
find
consider to-inf …
S + make + it + adj / noun +
that + clause
think ‘Wh’
believe
prove
: tìm thaáy
: xem nhö
: nhaän ñònh
: nghó raèng
: tin raèng

4. : chöùng toû
Ex: He finds it difficult to do maths.
My sister made it her duty to do housework.
`10. USED TO/ BE USED TO
USED TO: ( ĐÃ TỪNG ) S + Used to +V0
S + didn't use to +V0
Did +S + use to +V0 ?
BE / GET USED TO ( QUEN VỚI) S + (be) Used to + V-ing
11. Lối nói phụ họa khẳng định và phủ định ( củng vậy, củng thế)
1. Khẳng định S + auxiliary + too
Affirmative statement + and +
So + auxiliary + S
Ex: They will work in the lab tomorrow, and you will too.
Ex: They will work in the lab tomorrow, and so will you.
2. Phủ định S + negative auxiliary + either
Negative statement + and +
Neither + positive auxiliary + S
Ex: I didn't see Mary this morning, and John didn't either
Ex: I didn't see Mary this morning, and neither did John.