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Known as “Human Engineering” and “Human Factors
Engineering”
Scientific study of the relationship between man and his
working environment.
Word “Ergonomics” was derived from two Greek words
1. Ergon means – Work
2. nomos means – Natural laws
Therefore Ergonomics is concerned with creating laws to
suit various works.
Definition: International Labour Organization – “The
application of human biological sciences in conjunction
with engineering sciences to the worker and his
environment so as to obtain maximum satisfaction for the
worker which at the same time enhances Productivity”.

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British standard – “ The relationship between man and his
occupation, equipment and environment and particularly
the application of anatomical, physiological and
psychological knowledge to the problem arising there from.
Objectives of Ergonomics
Fundamental objective is to optimize the integration of
man and machine so as to improve the productivity and
accuracy.
Two broader objectives of Ergonomics are
1. To enhance the efficiency and effectiveness with which
the activities are carried so as to increase the
convenience of use, reduce errors and increase
productivity.
2. To enhance certain desirable human values including
safety, reduced stress and fatigue and improved quality
of life.

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Ergonomics involves the design of
2. Machinery and controls to minimize mental and
physical strain.
3. An environment conducive for performing the task most
effectively.
4. A good working environment
Uses
1. Improved working condition
2. Reduced physical work load
3. Improved work posture
4. Reduced efforts for certain movements
5. Better instrument displays, handling of machine levers
and controls.

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Application of Ergonomics
1. Design of man machine system
2. Design of working environment
3. Design of consumer goods and service system
1. Design of Man Machine System
 Where one or more workmen work in relation with one
or more machines, devices equipments.
 The man will receive certain information from the
machine either from dials, displays etc. designed for
that purpose.
 He will process this information and controls the
machine operation.
 Ergonomics applied to provide – maximum job
satisfaction and comfort and minimum physiological
and mental load to the operator and the system.

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2. Design of Working Environment
 Working conditions are those which surround the
worker as he performs his work.
 Working environment affects his physical wellbeing and
therefore his efficiency towards work.
 While designing various factors to be considered
1. Lighting
2. Ventilation
3. Temperature
4. Noise
5. Vibration‘
6. Colour
7. Safety.

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3. Design of Consumer Goods and Service System
 Starting from tooth brush and other items such as sofa
set, kitchenware, house hold fittings, tables, shoes etc.
 Protective equipments – safety goggles, clothing,
gloves, helmets, fire extinguisher and industrial hazard
protection equipments.

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