1. If dirt or paint is found on the hands while making wudoo', it does not break the continuity of wudoo' as long as the person is trying to remove it, as this is connected to purification. 2. If a wound cannot be covered, tayammum should be performed for that part instead of wudoo'. 3. If traces of janabah are found on clothes after praying without realizing, ghusl and repeating prayers said since the last sleep in those clothes are required.

1. ShetkhltuhamndbflrAr.llluaall
OTFIC[
c0Drlt4
E.mai1

2. ilhntyorr$horrldd0hthefoilowrlr|ffif'
f,Jiltc.,YBl+J- it,

3. G) Oar Khalid bin Al-Waleedfor Pub. & Dlst,2004
Ktng Fahd Natlona I Llbra ry Cataloglng-ln-Pubtlcatlon Data
Al Munajjad, MuhammadSalih
What you shoulddo in the followingsituations./
MuhammadSalihAl Munajjad.- Riyadh, 2004
62p; 17cm
ISBN:9960-9578-3-7
1- lslamicFiqh l-Title
258.4dc 142515360
L.D. no. 1425/5360
ISBN: 9960-9578-3-7

4. By:
SheikhilItrhalruredSlihAl'Munap
www.islom-qo.com
Arrongedond edited by:
AbdulKholiqShorifSoripodo

5. Confenls
l. lntroduction
Tohoroh(puritYond cleonliness)
Pointor dirton hondswhenmoking
wudoo'
Dressingsonwounds
Trocesof ianobohon clothes
Jonobohwhiletroveling
Bleedingoftermisconioge- nifoosor
noi?
2. Soloh(proYer) 17
Woswoos(insinuotingthoughtsfrom 17
Shoyioon)
Whqtifsomethinghoppensduring
'18
proYer?
Collofnoturewhentheiqomohisgiven
Doubtsoboutpossingwind
lf odhoon forfojrisgivenwhileone is
proyingwitr
Missed'osrond reochesmosjidofter 20
moghribproyerhosslorfed
Trovellerjoiningcongregotionwithout 21
knowingif imomisolsoo troveller
Beingunobleto stondfortherestof the 22
proyer
A knockon thedoorwhenoneis 23
proying,oro motherseeingherchild
do somethingdongerous
Poqe
6
l0
l0
ll
ll
t3
l5
l8
19
20

6. Respondingto soloomwhen proying
Joiningq proyerinprogress
Nothosteningundulytojoino proyerin
progress
Breokingwind duringFridoyproyer
Whenone hosolreodyproyedond
comesto onothermosqueto findthe
people thereproying
Stillproyingsunnohwhentheiqomohis
given
Beinginformedof thecorrecldirection
of the qiblohwhileproying
Follingbehindwhenproyingin
congregotion
Whenthe imomnullifieshiswudoo'
Whenthe imom's'owrohbecomes
uncovered
Reolizingthotone'swudoo'isinvolid
becouseof wipingoversockswhen
doingsoisno longerocceptoble
Whenthe imomforgetstheendingof
on oyoh
Intendingto proyforrqin,thenifroins
beforethe peoplestorfthe prctyer
Feelingsleepywhenlisteningto Fridoy
sermon
Rulingsoboul forgetfulnessduring
proyer
Doubtobout numberof rok'ohsproyed
25
26
27
27
28
30
3l
33
35
37
37
38
38
39
403.
40

7. 5.
lmomremembersthotheforgotto 4l
recite ot-Fotihohduringo silenlrok'oh
A memberof o congregotionforgelting 42
to reciteol-Fotihoh,orjoiningo
proyerof fhe momentof rukoo'
Roisingone'sheodfromrukoo',lhen 43
reolizingthot one forgolto soythe
tosbeeh
Forgettingthefirsltoshohhud
lmomsoysthesoloomthenmokes
prostrolionsof forgetfulness,but o
lotecomersiondsup to completethe
proyer
lmommokeso mistokebufdoesnol
understondwhotfhecongregotionis
refeningto whentheysoy"Subhoon
Alloh"lo drow hisoiientionto if
Miscelloneousrulings
Forgettingto weorihroomforHojjor
'Umroh
lnfenuptionof towooforso'ee
Buriolof onewhodiesof seo
Chongingmoney(somecunencY)
Beingoskedlo do somethingof work
fhotisogoinstlslomicteochings
Generolbehoviororidsunnohof the
Prophet*
Theproperwoyto thonkAlloh0*i
Acceptingmoneyorpropertyreceived
44
45
46
45
52
52
47
49
49
5l
52

8. withouloskingforit
Askingo Muslimhostoboutfood or
drinkheseryes
Wolkingwithonlyoneshoewhenthe
otherisdomoged
Good dreoms
Boddreoms
Beingoffectedby seeingowomon
Sittingbetweenthesunond theshode
isnotollowed
Whenillnessslrikesone'sfomilY
lf one'schildrenorfomilymemberslie
Whentellingthetrufhisnol the best
option.
53
54
54
55
57
57
58
58
59

9. 0d)$c
tntroduction
Proisebe to Alloht#,the Lordof the Worlds,ond
peoce ond blessingsbe uponthe mostnobleof the
Prophelsond Messengers,our ProphetMuhommod,
ond uponollhisfomilyond componions.
The Muslimmoy be foced with o number of
emergencysituolionsin hislife,wherehe needson
immediofeonsweros to how he shouldoct in thot
porticulorsituotion.ln mostcoses,however,it isnot
possibleto look for or osk obout the oppropriote
lslomicrulingsof thottime.
Thisprovesthe imporfonceof leorningobout
lslomond knowingihe rulesof shori'oh,sothol when
o Muslimneedsihisinformofion,he will hove it ot
hond ond will thusbe oble lo sove himselfor his
Muslimbrofherfrom doing somethinghoroom or
mokingo mistoke.Insomonycoses,ignoroncecon
leod to conuptionof worshipor- of the veryleost-
ocule embonossment.lt isunfortunotethol on imom
moymistokenlystondup foro fifthrok'Qh,ond there
moy be nobodyin the congregotionor the mosque
who knowswhot the rulingsof shoree'ohsoyshould
be done in sucho siluotion.Or o trovellerwho is
intendingto perform 'umreh moy come to the
oirportof theloslminule,ond suddenlydiscoverlhot
he hosforgolfenhisihroomgorments,but he hosno
time to do onyihingobout it, ond lhere is nobody

10. 7
omong the Muslimin the oirportwho con tellhimwhot
he shoulddo in thisemergency.Or o mon moy come
to the mosqueon on occosionwhen the proyershove
been joined together becouse of roin: the
congregotionisolreodyproying'ishoo'but he hos not
yet proyed moghrib,so he is confusedos lo whot he
shoulddo. In sucho situotionthe people moy embork
upon o debote bosed only on ignoronce,ond so
confusionwill reignin the mosques.In mony individuol
ond personol motters, ignoronce moy leod to
embonossmenfond evensin,especiollywhen o person
isin the positionof hovingto moke o decisionond he
does not hove sufficienfknowledgeon which to bose
thot decision.
People in this world hove prepored informotion
fellingpeople how to behovein emergencysituotions:
whot lo do it firebreoksout,if someoneisdrowning,if o
scorpionbite, if thereiso cor occident,if someoneis
bleedingor hos brokeno bone...All of thesefirstoid
proceduresorewellknown;lheyteochthemfo people
ond holdspeciolcourses.Howmuch moreimportontis
it, then, lhot those who ore concerned with the
Hereoftershould leorn ond teoch the rulesof fhis
religion!
At this point, we shouldnote fhe importonceof
differentioting between hypotheticol molters which
rorely,if ever, hoppen, ond motterswhich we know
fromexperiencedo hoppenfo peopleond ore osked
oboul.

11. 8
Withregordto the firsttype (hypotheticolsifuolions),
oskingobout fhem iso fruitlesswosteof time,which is
not ollowedin lslom.
TheProphel* wornedusogoinstfhiswhen he soid:
"Accepl whot I hove leftyou with,for the peoplewho
come beforeyouwereonlydestroyedbecouseof their
excessivequeslioningond their dispufingwith their
Prophets..."I
Commenting on this hodifh, lbn Rojob * soid:
"Theseohodith indicote thql it is forbidden to osk
questionsunnecessorily...or lo osk questionsout of
sfubbornnessoron infenlionto mock."2
Thisishow we inferpretthe wordsof o group of the
solof,suchosthe reporlthotwhenZoydibnThoobit,*,
wos osked obout something,he would soy, "Hos it
reolly hoppened?" lf they soid "No," he would tell
them,"Leoveil untilitreollyhoppens."s
Withregordlo the secondtype, motfersthot reolly
hoppen, then il is good to osk obout fhem. The
Componionsof lhe Prophet* sometimesosked him
obouf thingsbeforethey hoppened,but it wos sothot
| . Reportedby al-BukhariandMusllm;this verslonwasreportedby
Muslim,no,1337,vol.2, p. 975
r . Jaami'al-'Uloomwa'l-Hukmby lbn Rajab,1/240,editedby al-
Arna'oot
I . Reportedby lbn RaJab,op,cit., 1/245;seealsosimilarreportsin
Sunanal-Daarlmi,L/49,andJaamiBayaanal-'Ilmby Ibn 'Abdal-
Barr,21L74

12. 9
they could ocl occordingly when these lhings did
hoppen. Forexomple,they oskedhim:"We ore going
fo meet with fhe enemy fomorrow,ond we do not
hove knives,so shouldwe use dried sugorcones os
weopons?"Theyosked him obout the rulerswho he
hod told them would come ofter him, ond whether
fheyshouldobey themor fightthem.Hudhoyfohosked
him oboul of-fiton(timesof tribulotion)ond whol he
should do ot such times.aThisindicotes thot it is
permissibleto oskoboul thingswhich ore expected to
hoppen.
Therefollowso discussionobout someissueslhot
people ore likelyto foce inreollife.Theseore proclicol
motferswhich hove hoppenedond could hoppen to
some people. ln eoch cose, the onsiwer is
occomponied by o referenceto the sourcesin the
work of frustworfhyscholors.Theremoy be differing
opinionsin some coses,bul lhe onswerhos been
limited lo one viewpoinl,lhe one bosed on lhe
soundestevidence.for the sokeof brevityond eoseof
understonding.I osk Alloh to benefit me ond my
brothersin lslom in fhis wodd ond on fhe Doy of
Judgement.Moy He rewordwith good oll lhosewho
shorein thisendeovor,for He is the Mosf Kindond
Generous. Alloh knows best. Moy Alloh bless our
Prophet Muhommod ond oll his fomily ond
componions.
' , Jaami'al-'Uloomal-Hukm,1/243

13. * Tohooroh(pudVondcleonllness)
. Polnlor dlrl on hqndswhen moklng wudoo'
lf o personfindssomethinglikepointor dirton his
hqnds efc, while moking wudoo', ond tries to
remove it, does lhis breok the continuityof his
wrJdoo'ondmeonfhothehosto stortogoin?
Answer:Accordingto the most soundopinion,
thisdoes nol breok the continuityof his wudoo',
evenif the portsof hisbodythot hoveolreodybeen
woshedbecome dry,becousehe wos deloyed by
somethingthot is connected to tohooroh.Similody
hiswudoo' isnotoffectedif he movesfromone top
to onotherinorderto getwoler,etc.
Buiif he isintenupledby somethinglhot isnot
connectedto hiswudoo',suchos removingsome
impurilyfromhisclolhes,oreotingordrinking,ond so
on, ond the portsof hisbody thot he hosolreody
woshedduringwudoo'becomedry,thenhe hosto
repeothiswudoo'.1
t, Fatawalbn'lJthaymeen, 41t45-t46

14. ll
I DresslngSon wounds
lf o personhoson injuryin ony pori of hisbody
thot shouldbe woshedduringwudoo',ond connot
put o bond-oidor dressingon it,thenhe shoulddo
wrJdoo',ond do tayommumforfhewoundedPort.z
He does not hove to woshthe wounded port if
thiswillbe hormful.
. Trocesof lonoboh (lmpurlty)on clolhes
lf o personseessometrocesofybnoboh{impurily
such os semen,elc.) on hisclothes,ond he hos
olreodyproyed someproyerswithoutreolizingthol
thiswos there,he shoulddo ghus/ond repeof the
proyersdone sincethe mostrecenlperiodof sleep
weoringtheseclothes.lf,however,he knowsthofthis
jonobohisfromo previousperiodof sleep,heshould
repeot oll the proyerssincethe end of the sleepin
whichhethinksthelbnobohoccuned,s
Theevidencethol he shouldperformghuslfor
solohin cosesof ionoboh isto be found in mony
ploces,suchostheoyoh:
2. al-Mughni ma'a al-Sharh al-Kabeer,L/282
' . al-Mughnl ma'a al-Sharhal-Kabeer,LlL99

15. l2
6rJ*t,1# ;; u'fJ Afsii'uilip 7t;t; t,.ifr4t{)
<@j-,tit;;E ca6$1ci1,
"O youwho believe!Approochnotthe proyerwhen
you ore in o drunkenstote until you know {the
meoning)of whol you utter,norwhen you ore in o
stote of jonoboh {i.e.,in o stote of sexuolimpurity
ond hove not yet token o both), except when
trovellingon the rood {withoutenoughwoter,etc.),
tillyouwoshyourwholebody..."r
And the hodeethof 'Ali* inwhichhe soid:"l woso
monwho experiencedo lot of urethroldischorge,so
I kept woshingmyself(doingghusl)untilthe skinon
my bock stortedto crock.I mentionedthot to the
Prophet*, or it wos mentionedto him,so he soid:
"Don't do thot. lf you see dischorge,wosh your
privoteporlsond do wudoo' for proyeros usuol.lf
woter(i.e.,semen)gushesout,thendo ghusl."s
Thisindicoteslhol whensemenisemitted,ghusliso
must,butwhenthereisdischorge,it isenoughjustto
woshfheprivoteportond do wudoo'.
' . al-Nisaa'4:43
3 Reportedby Abu Dawood,no. 206; classedas salreelrby al-
Afbaaniin lrwaa'al-Ghaleel,no, L25)

16. l3
. Jqnqbqh whlle trovellng.
A troveler moy find himselfon o long plone
journeyduringwhich he becomesiunub (impure).
He hos no woy of performingghusl,ond there is
nothing on the plone thot he could use for
toyommum. lt he woits until he reoches his
destinotion,the time for proyerwillbe over,ond it
moy be o proyerthot he connotjoinwifh onother,
suchosfojr,whenhe setout beforeFofond willnol
orriveuntilofter sunrise,or ihe time for joiningtwo
proyerssuchos 'Dhohrqnd 'Asrmoy olsobe over,
becousehe setout before'Dhohrwillnotoniveunlil
ofter Moghnb. Whot should he do in such o
situotion?
lfwe occept lhot he hosno meonsof performing
ghuslon boord the plone,then he isin the situotion
knownby the scholorsos "fhe one who does nof
hove occess to the two purifyingmoteriols(i.e.,
woter or eorth)."Thereore voryingopinionson this
situolion.lmoom Ahmod ond the moiority of
mu'hoddithunsoy thot he shouldproy os he is,
becousethisisollthothecon do,ondAllohiHsoid;
{@(;:j {;r;' i'i'r!i'i>
"Allohburdensnoto personbeyondhisscope."e
o. al-Baqarah2:286

17. t4
Thespecificevidencein thiscose is the report
nqnotedby MusliminhisSoheeh,whereit sloteslhot
lhe Prophet* sent some people to look for o
necklocethot 'A'ishohhod lost.Thetime for proyer
come, ond they proyedwithoutwudoo' (becouse
theycould nol findwoter).Whentheycome to the
Prophet(peoceqnd blessingsof Allohbe uponhim),
they iold him obout it ond then lhe oyoh of
toyommumwos reveoled.The Propheti5 did not
blome or criiicizethem,neitherdid he tell them to
repeot the proyer. Thisindicotes thot proyer is
obligotory,ond evenlhoughtohorohiso condition
for proyer, proyer should not be deloyed when
tohoarohconnotbe occomplished.a
A similorrulingopplieslo the sickwho connot
move their limbs of oll, qnd people who ore
imprisonedond choinedup or suspended.Whotis
meoniisthot the proyershouldbe performedinthe
besl woy possibleunderthe circumstonces,ond it
should not be deloyed beyond ifs sei time.
Accordingto fhe soundestopinion,it doesnot hove
lo be repeoled,for Allohtfi doesnot loy upon usin
religiononyhordship"
?. SaheehMuslim,367
I . al-Mughnlma'aal-Sharhal-Kab€er,1/251

18. 15
r Bleedlngqfler mlsconloge- nlfoosor nof?
lf o womon misconiesond bleeds,shouldshe
proyor not?
Theonswerto fhisquestiondependson the kind
of blood: is it nr'foosor not? The scholorshove
mentionedlhe regulotionsconcerningthis:"lf she
seesblood ofter possingsomethinglhot hos ony
humonfeotures,then it is nifoos,but if she seesit
ofterpossingsomethingthot resembleso bloodclot
lnvtfohor 'oloq),thenitisnotnr'foos."e
In the lotter cose, this is isfihoodoh(inegulor
bleeding),sosheshoulddo wudoo'foreoch proyer
ofterthe timefor thot proyerhosstorted,ond then
proy.lfwhotshepossedis.ofullyformedfefusor hos
someformedlimbs,suchoso hondor o foot or o
leg, then thisisnifoos.lf shesoysthof they took it
CIwoyinthe hospitolond threwit owoy,ond shedid
nofseeit,thenthescholorssoythollheshortesltime
inwhichhumonfeoiurescouldbe formediseighty-
onedoysfromfhetimeofconception.to
Thisisbosedon the hodeethnorrotedby 'Abd-
Alloh ibn Mos'ood occording lo which the
Messengerof Alloh*, whoistheonewhospeoksthe
truth,soid: "Thecreotionof eoch one of you is
e. al-Mughnima'a al-Sharhal-Kabeer,1/361
r0. MaJmu'atFatawaal-Shaykhibn'Uthaymeen,4l29Z

19. l6
gothered for forty doys in his mother'sstomoch
(womb),thenhe is 'oloqoh(somethingthot clings)
for o similorlength of time, lhen he is mudghoh
(somethinglikeo lumpof chewedflesh)foro similor
lengthof time.ThenAllohsendson ongel who is
commonded to do four things:he is told to write
downhisdeeds,hisprovisionondwhetherheislo be
unforlunole(doomedto Hell)or blessed(destined
forPorodise)..."tt
Anywomonfocingthisproblemshouldtryto seek
lhe odvice of doctorsto find out exoctlywhot her
situotionis.
With regord to the blood which moy be
dischorgedjust prior to o normol birth: if it is
occomponiedby loborpoinsorcontroctions,ihenit
is nifoos,otherwiseit is not. Shoykhol-lslomlbn
Toymiyoh{moy Alloh hove mercy on him} soid:
"Whotsheseeswhenfheloborpoinsbeginisnifoos.
Whqt is meont here is controctionsfollowed by
delivery;ifthisisnollhecosethenil isnotn,'foos."12
tt . Thls versionnarratedby al-Bukhari,Fath,6/303
t2 . Malmu' Fatawalbn'Uthaymeen, 4/327

20. t7
* 2. Solooh(proyer)
. Wosweo,s(insinuotingthoughtsfromShoyton)
lf,when proying,o personexperienceswoswoos
(insinuotingthoughts)from Shoyton,which couse
himto folterinhisrecitotionof theQur'on,mokehim
thinkbod thoughtsond mokehimdoubtthenumber
of rok'ohshe hoscompleted,whotshouldhedo?
Thishoppenedto one of the Sohoboh,nomely
'UthmonibnAbi ol-'Aos.*. Hecome to the Prophet
* ond comploinedobouf it: "TheShoytoncomes
beiweenme ond mysoloh,ond cousesme to folter
in my recitotion."The Messengerof Alloh* soid:
"Thotis o shoyton(devil)colled Khonzob.lf you
sensehispresence,seekrefugewithAlloh0bond spit
(dryspitting)to yourleffthreelimes."'Uthmon(loter)
soid:"l didthot,ond Allohridmeof him."13
Thishodithindicotestwowoysinwhichone moy
word off the shoytonwho triesto disruptone's
proyers.Thefirstisto seekrefugewith Allohitsfrom
lhe evil of Shoylon,even by pronouncingfhese
wordswhile proying- there is nothingwrong with
doing so in thiscose.The secondis to spit (dry
spitting)to theleftthreelimes.Thismeonsblowingoir
in o monnersimilorto spitiingbut ejectingmoreo
verysmollomounlof solivo,so longos thiswillnol
rr , SaheehMuslim,no, 2203

21. l8
offect the personnextlo you or mokingthe mosjid
dirly.
. Whotlf somelhlnghoppensdurlng prqyel?
lf somethinghoppensto o personwhileproying,
men shouldsoy "SubhoonAllooh,"ond women
shouldclop. The evidencefor this is the hqdith
norrotedfom SohlibnSo'd,oCcordingto whichthe
Messengerof Alloh* soid:"lf somethinghoppensto
you duringsoloh,men shouldsoy 'SubhoonAlloh'
ond women should clop." (Reportedby Abu
Dowud).Accordingfo the versionnonoted by ol-
Bukhooriqnd Muslim:"Iosbeeh (soying'Subhoon
Allooh')isformen,ond cloppingisforwomen."1a
. Cqllof nolurewhenlhe fgoomohlsglven
lf the proyeris obout to stort(the iqoomoh is
given)ond o personfeelsthe coll of noture,he
shouldgo to the bothroomond ottendto hisneed,
even if lhismeonshe will misslhe congregolionol
proyer.Theevidencefor thiswos nonoled by 'Abd-
Allohibn Arqom:"TheMessengerof Alloh# soid:'lf
ony one of you needsfo onswerihe coll of nqture
tt . Sunan Abi Dawud,941; Saheehal-Bukhaari(al-Bughaedition),
1145; SaheehMuslim,106

22. l9
ond lhe proyerisoboutto begin,lel himtend to his
needfirst."'15
. Doublsoboul posslngwlnd
lf o personwho is proyingis in doubt os lo
whelherhe hospossedwindor not,or hefeelssome
movemenlin hisobdomen,shouldhe slopproying
orshouldhecontinue?
lfhe iscerlointhothehospossedwind,heshould
stop proying,but if he is uncertoinor doubtful,he
shouldnot sfop- unlilhe becomessureof it, eifher
by heoringo soundorbysmellingonodor.lf hefinds
thot he hos possedwind,he shouldstop proying;
otherwiseheshouldnolpoyonyotfenlionto it,
Theevidencefor thisis lhe hodithreportedby
Abu Huroyroh.*: "TheMessengerof Allohf soid:'lf
onyoneof youisproyingondfeelssomemovement
inhisbockpossoge,ondisindoubtoslo whelherhe
hospossedwindor not,he shouldnofstopproying
unfilheheorso soundordelectsonodor."'16
Thisisone of lhe imporfontldomicprescriptions
for curing woswoos(lhe insinuotingwhispersof
Shoyton).
13. Reportedby Abu Dawud, no. 881seealso Saheehal-Jaaml',373
ft , Reportedby Abu Dawud, 177; seealsoSaheehal-Jaaml',75o

23. 20
. lf odhqon ior lajr ls colled whlle one ls proylng
wlh.
lf o personisproyingwitrond the muezzincolls
the odhoon (collto proyer)tor foy whilehe is still
proying,shouldheconlinuewithhiswifr?
Yes,if fheodhooncomeswhileheisproyingwifr,
he shouldcompletetheproyer,qnd lhereisnothing
wrongwithdoingso.tz
Thismofterhosto do withthetimingof witrproyer
ond whetheril endsol thestortof fayor fheend of
fojr.Ihe mojority(ofscholors)soythot il endsoi the
stortof fol proyer.18
. Mlssed'Asrqnd teoches mosfldwhen Moghrib
prqyer hosslqrled.
lf o personhosmissed'Asrproyerond orrivesoi
the mosjidto find thot Moghribproyerhosstorted,
whotshouldhedo?
Shoykhol{slomlbnToymiyoh{moyAllohftlthove
mercyon him)soid:HeshouldproyMoghribwiihthe
imoom,then proy 'Asr,os is ogreed upon by oll
leodingscholors.As to whetherhe shouldrepeot
ft . lbn
'Uthayrneen, FatawaIslamlyyah, t/346
tt,. Is'aaf Ahl allAsr blma wanda f, Ahkaam Salaat al-Witr by
Fayhaanal-Mutayri,p, 33

24. 2l
Moghib, there ore two opinions.The firstis ihot he
shouldrepeot if; thisisthe view of lbn 'Umor,Moolik
ond Abu Honifoh,ond the mostwell knownview of
Ahmod.Thesecondopinionislhol he doesnot hove
to repeot if; thisis the view of lbn 'Abbos ond ol-
Shofi'i,ond the second view of Ahmod.Thesecond
view ismore conecf, becouse Alloh0lddid nof moke
it obligofory for o personto proy o soloh twice if he
hos feored Alloh 0#os much os he con. And Alloh
knowsbesl.le
. Trqvellerfolnlng congregqllon wllhoul knowlng
lf lmoom ls olso o lroveler.
lf o trovelercomes upon o congregotion proying,
ond he does not know if the imom isolsoo troveler
(sothot he con join the proyerwith fhe intentionof
shorteningil),or he iso residenl(sothoi he con proy
lhe complete proyerbehind him),whot shouldhe
do?
Accordingto the sirongestopinion,he shouldocl
on the bosisof whot he seesof signsof trovelon the
imom,suchosclothingor trovelgeor.lf it oppeorslo
him lhot the imom iso resident,lhen he shouldproy
the complete proyerbehindhim.
Ihe evidence for this is lhe report norroted by
Ahmod from lbn 'Abbos,who wos osked:"Whot is
if . Malmoo' FataawaIbn Taymiyah, 22/LO6

25. 22
the reosonwhy o trovelerproystwo rok'ohsif he is
olone ond four rok'ohs if he proys behind o
resident?"Hesoid:"Thotisthe sunnoh."According
to onotherrepori he soid:"Thotis the sunnohof
Abu'l-Qoosim."20
lf he ossumeslhol the imoomiso troveller,ond
proystwo rok'ohswith the intenfionof proyingo
shortenedproyer,thenofterlosleem(complelionof
fhe proyer)he discoversthoi the imoomisin foct o
residentond thot thesetwo rok'ohswere the third
ond fourlh proyed by fhe imom,in thiscose he
shouldstondup,proytwomorerok'ohsto complele
the proyer, ond do sulbodsohw (on extro two
prostrolions).z1
Thereisno hormdone by onyspeokingor osking
thotwerenecessoryforthesokeof hisproyer.
. Belngunqblefo slondfor lhe reslof o proyer.
lf o personwho isproyingissuddenlyunoblefo
stqndup for lhe restof hisproyer,or o personwho
hod to proysitfingdownissuddenlyoble to stond,
wholshouldhedo?
20, Af-Haaflzdid not comment on this hadeeth ln al-Takhlees,2/5o,
but Ahmad Shaaklr classedits lsnaadas saheeh in his commentary
on al-Musnad,3/260
zr . Al-MaJmoo'li'l-Nawawi,4/356

26. 23
lbn Qudomoh(moyAllohhove mercyon him)
sqid: "As soon os o sick personwho is proying
becomesoble lo do whot he couldnot do of the
beginningof his proyer,whetherit be sfonding,
sitting,bowing,prostrotingor ony othermovement,
then he shouldcontinueond buildon whot he hos
olreodycompleted.Similody,if o personbeginsthe
proyer copoble of performingoll oclions, then
suddenlybecomesunobleto do cerfointhings,he
shouldcorryon os besthe con, ond buildon whot
he hos olreody completed os if nothing hos
chonged." 22
Theevidencefor lhisisihe hodithof 'lmronibn
Husoyn.{r:"l hodhemonhoids("piles"),soIqskedthe
Prophet* oboutsoloh.Hesoid:'Proystondingup,
but if you connot,thensitdown,ond if youconnot,
ihenonyourside."r23
. A knock on lhe door when one ls proylng, or o
molher seelng her chlld do somelhlng
dongerous.
lf someoneknockson the door while one is
proying,or o motherwho is proyingseesher child
22. al-Mughnima'a al-Sharhal-Kabeer,L/782i see also al-MaJmoo'
ti'l-Nawawi,4/318
23. Reportedby al-Bukhaarl,Fath,2/587

27. 24
ployingwilh on electricoloutletor doingsomething
similorlydongerous,whotshouldbe done?
lf o personwho isproyingneedsto do something
relotivelyminor,such os opening o door, lhere is
nothingwrongwiihdoingso,solongoshecontinues
fo foce the qibloh.
Theevidencefor fhisis the hodith nonoled by
Abu Dowud from 'A'ishoh s who soid: "The
Messengerof Alloh* used to proy with the door
closed.I come ond osked him to open it, so he
come ond openedit for me,thenwent bock lo his
proyer."Thenonotormenfionedthotthedoorwosin
thedirectionof the qibloh.ze
The some oppliesif o motheris proyingond
needs lo move her child owoy from something
dongerous or hormful, ond so on' A simple
movement lo fhe right or lefl, or forwords or
bockwords,will not offect her proyer.Similorly,if
one'sridao' (uppergorment)follsoff,theonewhois
proying con pick if up, ond if the zoor {lower
gormenf) becomes loose,he con tighten it. In
certoin coses, shoree'oh ollows excessive
movementsduringproyer,eveniflhismeonsmoving
owoy from focing the qibloh,os is reportedin the
hodithnonotedby AbuHuroyroh.*:"TheMessenger
2t . SunanAbi Dawud,no.922i SaheehSunanAbl Dawud,815

28. 25
of Alloh* soid:'Killthe two blockthingswhilein
proyer:thesnokeondthescorpion."'2s
. Respondlngto sqloomwhenproylng
lf soloom (lslomicgreefing) is given to o person
while he is proying,he con replywith o gesture,os
wos reported from Suhoyb.g,who soid:"l possedby
fhe Messengerof Alloh S os he wos proying. I
greeted him wilh solom, ond he responded with o
9€slure."zs
Thegeslureisdescribedin o numberof ohodith,
suchos thot nonoled by lbn 'Umor
4rwho soid:"The
Messengerof Alloh * went oul to Quboo' to proy
there.TheAnsorcome to himond greeled him wifh
solqm while he wos proying. t osked Bilol,'How did
you see lhe Messengerof Alloh fi reply to them
when they soid solomlo him ond he wos proying?'
Hesoid:'Likefhis,'ond flotlenedhishond."Jo'foribn
'Awn (one of lhe norrolors)flottened hishond with
the polm focing downwordsond lhe bock of his
hondfocingupwords.2T
2t. SunanAbiDawud,no,92;SaheehSunanAblDawud,814
2r. SunanAbiDawud,925;SaheehSunanAbiDawud,818
27.SunanAbiDawud,927;SaheehSunanAblDawud,820

29. 26
! Jolnlngo proyerln progress
lf o mon entersthe mosjidwhile the imom is
proying,shouldhe join ihe imom immediotelyin
whoteverpositionheisinond stortprofng, orshould
he woit to seewhetherfhe imom isgoing to sitor
stond?
Thecorreclonsweristhot whichisindicotedby
fhe evidence(doleel):he shouldjoinlhe imomno
moiter whot port of the proyerhe hosreoched-
proslroting,slonding,bowingorsitfing.Theevidence
isfhe hodithof Abu Huroyroh.*: "TheMessengerof
Alloh* soid:'lf youcomefo theproyerond we ore
prostroling,then prosirote,but don't counl il, ond
whoevercofcheso rok'ohhoscoughtthe proyer""
28
Mu'odhsoid:"TheMessengerof Alloh0#soid:'lf
one of you comesto proyerond lhe imom isin o
certoinposilion,thendo osiheimomi5doing."'ze
Also,fhereislhe generolmeoningof the hodith:
"Whoteveryoucotchupwith,proy."
2' . SunanAbi Dawud,893; SaheehSunanAbu Dawud,792)
2e, Sunanat-Tirmidhi,591; seealsoSaheehSunanal-Tirmidhi,484

30. 27
. Nol hosfenlng unduly lo Joln o proyer In
progress.
lf lhe proyerstortsond o personissiillon hiswoy
to ihe mosque,he shouldnot hostenunduly;he
shouldwolkwilh colmnessond dignity,osindicofed
in fhe hodithof Abu Huroyroh.*: "TheProphet*
soid:'lf the proyersforts,do notopproochii running;
opprooch it wolkingwith colmnessond dignity.
Whoteveryou cotch up with,proy,ond whotever
youmiss,compleleit [ofterwords]."'so
. Breoklngwlnd durlngq congregollonql proyer
lf o mon breokswind duringo congregotionol
proyer,whot shouldhe do in this embonossing
situolion?
Heshouldput hishondoverhisnose,ond go out.
Theevidencefor thiswos reportedby 'A'ishoh.#,
who soid:"TheMessengerof Alloh* soid:'lf one of
you posseswindwhilehe isproying,he shouldhold
hisnoseondleove."'31
Al-Teebisoid:"Thecommondto holdone'snose
isto mokeif oppeorosthoughoneisbleeding.Thisis
notlying;it iso formof octionthotisqllowedsothot
30. Reportedby al-Bukhari,Fath, 2/390
tl . SunanAbl Dawud,1114; seealsoSaheehSunanAbi Dawud,985

31. 28
Shoytonwill not convinceo personin thissituotion
noi to leovebecousehefeelstooshyof others."g2
Thisison exompleof thekindof ombiguitythotis
ollowed ond opproved of, in order lo ovoid
embonossment,oswhoeverseeshimleovingin this
monnerwillossumethothe issufferingo nosebleed.
Anolherbenefiiof fhisPropheticodviceisthotit puts
o stop to the insinuolingwhispersof the Shoyton,
whichmoyotherwisecousehimto stoyinthe rowor
continueproyingwith the congregolionwhen he
hospossedwind,ond lhisdoesnot pleoseAlloh03.
How con he stoy when the Prophet X hos
commonded him to leove? ln this cose he is
permittedeitherto possthroughihe rows,or lo wolk
to theedgeof themosque,inorderto leove,sothot
hecongo ondmokewudoo',thencomebockond
rejointheproyer.
. Whenone hos olreody proyed ond comes lo
onolher mosque lo flnd lhe people lhere
proylng.
lf o personhosolreodyproyedin one mosque,
lhenhecomesto onothermosqueforo lessonor for
some other reoson,ond findslhe people there
proying,then he shouldjoin them ond hisproyer
would be consideredo noofil (supererogoloryor
32. Mirqaatal-MafaateehSharh Mishkaatal-Masaabeeh,3/18

32. 29
"extro") proyer. He should do so even if it is during
the prohibited times of proyer becouse there is o
reoson behind it. The evldence for thiscomes from
the hodifh of Yozidibn ol-AswodaF:"l performed Hojj
with the ProphefE ond proyed Fo.[with him in Mosjid
Al-Khoyt.When he completed hisproyer ond turned
oround, he found two people of the bock who did
not proy with him. He soid, 'l hove fo tolk to them.'
So he come to them, ond they were trembling. He
oskedthem: 'Whot preventedyou two from proying
with us?' Theysoid: 'O Messengerof Allohl We hqd
olreody proyed in our ploces.' He soid: 'Do nol do
thot. lf you hove olreodyproyed ol your plocesond
then come lo o congregotionolmosque,proy with
them too ond it will become o supererogotory
proyerfor you."' 33
Inonother hodithit isnonoted thot the two come
ofler lhe Fojr proyer which is o time when proyer is
prohibited.lmoom Molikhosreportedinol-Muwotto'
in the chopter on "Whot hos been nonoted obouf
repeoting the proyerwith the imom ofter o person
hosproyed individuolly":
"Mihjon*, soid thot he wos in the compony of
the Messengerof Alloh *, when the coll lo proyer
wos given.The Messengerof Alloh * got up ond
proyed in congregolion, then come bock, while
33. SunanAl-Tirmidhi,no, 219; Saheehal-Jaami',667

33. 30
Mihjonsioyed in hisploce ond did not proy with
them.sofheMessengerof Alloh* soidfo him:'whot
preventedyou from proyingwith lhe people?Are
younoto Muslim?'Hesoid:'lndeedI om,O Prophef
of Alloh!Buft hod olreodyproyed ol home.' The
Prophet* soid lo him: 'Whenyou come {to the
mosque)thenproywilhlhe peopleevenifyouhove
olreodYProyed.'rr34
. Stlll proylng sunnoh when lhe lqaomah ls
glven.
lf o person hos entered the mosque ond is
proyingsunnoh,lhenthe iqaomohiscolled,thebest
opinioninthiscoseisthotifheisinhissecondrok'oh,
he shouldfinishit quickly,ond if he is in the first
rek'oh,he shouldjustbreokhisproyerond enterlhe
congregotionwiththeimom.s
Thebosisforlhishodilhisihe reportwhichlmom
MuslimnonoledinhisSoheeh:
"TheMessengerofg soid:'lfiqoomohiscolledfor
the proyer then there is no proyer except fhe
obligotoryone."'s
3' . af-Muwatta',t/130: Silsilahal-Saheehah,no, 1337
33, Fataawalbn'Uthaymeen,1,/345
3r. Saheeh Musllm, t1493

34. 3l
So, if o person hos performed the rukoo' of the
second rok'oh when the iqomoh is colled, then he
shouldcomplete hisproyer.tf lhe igomoh is colled
before he does the rukoo' of the second rok'oh,
then he shoulddiscontinuebecouse whot is left of
sujood ond foshohhud is not needed ony more,
Moreover,he shouldbreokwithoutfosjeem.ond it is
enough to hove the intentionin the heort,controry
to common misconception.
Belng Informed of lhe conecl dlrectlon ol lhe
qlbloh whlle proylng.
lf there is o congregotion proying, ond during
their proyer lhey ore informedthot the qib/oh is in o
direction other thon lhol which they were focing,
they shouldoll furntowordsthe conect direction.The
some is olso true for someone proying individuolly.
Whotever port of their proyer hos been performed
(before chonging direcfion) will be conect. The
evidence for thisis o norrolionreporied by lmoom
MuslimfromAnos.#:
"Whilethe Prophet* wos proyingtowordsBoyf-
ol-Moqdis (Jerusolem),the oyoh wos reveqled to
him:
'F i,Vi )i'W-;'-&&rt"|ai ai+:
j, ej b,
{ GD',',r;i
'&;"iii ;* c,*s"t'rli ,q:"3i

35. 32
'VerilylWe hove seen the turningof your foce
towordsthe heoven.Surely,We shollturn you to o
qiblohthot shollpleoseyou,soturnyourfoce in the
direclionof ol-Mosjidol-Horomwhereverye ore,turn
yourfocesinthotdirection.'37
A mon from BoniSolomohwos possingby ond
foundthem (i.e.,fhe peopleof BoniSolomoh)in the
stote of rukoo' in the second rok'oh of the Fof
proyer.Hecolledoutlo them:'Theqiblohhqsbeen
chonged,' so they chonged directionwhile they
werestillinrukoo'."38
lf some of the peoplewere informedond the
otherswerenol,fhentheone to whomit wosmode
cleqrshouldturnto the directionwhichhe believes
to be the conecl directionof qibloh.Now if oll of
thesepeoplewereoriginollyproyingtogetherin the
somedirection,then someof them iurnedtowords
the rightqnd sometowordsthe left,it isstillvolidfor
one of them fo leod the othersin proyer.Butthe
scholorshove o differenceof opinionoboul some
people following others in coses of complete
disogreementobout the directionof the qiblah.lf
there is someoneomong them who is completely
ignoronloboul the direction,he shouldfollowthe
t7 . Af-Baqarah2:L44
!'. SaheehMuslim,No. 527

36. 33
one who is more owore omongst them of the
directionof the eibloh.sg
lf someone does not know the direction of lhe
qibloh, he musl osk someone if he con, or else .he
shouldmoke ijfihaad(mokeo judgmenl to the best
of hisobilitybosed on the informotionovoiloble)if he
is oble to, otherwisehe mustfollow someone who is
relioble.lf he connof find such o person,then he
should feor Alloh, do his besi ond proy, ond his
proyer is votid. Thissometimeshoppens to people
who lrovel to the londsof the disbelieversond find
no Muslimor onybody elsewho could tell lhem the
conect directionof the qibloh,ond hove no meons
of finding out. But if o personis copoble of finding
oul the direction of the qibloh, but wos negleclful
ond proyed without moking oll possibleefforts,he
shouldrepeot hisproyerbecousehe wos coreless.40
' Fqlllngbehlnd when proylng In congregotlon.
lf o personis proyingin o congregotionond fhe
loudspeokerstopsworking or he becomes drowsy
ond he logs behind the imom by one or more
obligofory octs (orkon) of proyer (i.e., the imom
performedil ond he did not becouseof not heoring
the imom'svoice),thenwhen he wokesup ogoin or
re, Af-Mughnima'a al-Sharh al-Kabeer,t/473
'0 . Al-Mughnlma'a al-Sharhal-Kabeer,1/490

37. 34
lhe soundof the speokercomesbock, he should
complete the obligotoryocts fhot he hos missed,
thenconlinuefollowingtheimom.
Thisproblem moy orise in mony coses. For
exomple:the imomrecileso versefhot contoinsihe
wordof prostrofion(soldoh)ond someof the people
misunderstondil to be o verseof prostrofionwhilein
reolityii is not, so when lhe imom soystokbeerfor
rukoo'of the end of theverseond performsrukoo',
someof the followers(especiollythoselowordsthe
reorof fhe congregotion)tokeit to be the fokbeer
forthe prostrotionof recitol.sotheyprostrole.When
theimoomstondsup fromtherukoo'soying"sorni'o
AllohuIi mon hemideh",they siond up from their
prostrotion,thushovingmissedtheoct ofrukoo'ond
sfondingup fromit. Soit isincumbenton them to
completewhottheymissedond thencotch up with
the imom. Thisis becouse they did nof do it
intenfionolly.However,in the cose of one who
intentionollylogsbehindthe imom (e.9.,someone
who prolongshis prostroiionlo moke o long
supplicolionsuchthot he missesfhe obligotoryoct
whichcomesofterthe prostrotion),the mojorityof
scholorssoythot the proyerof someonewho misses
two consecutiveobligoloryoctsof proyerwithouto
volidexcuse,isvoidondheiso sinner.41
ar. Kashshaafal-Qinaa',Ll467; al-Mawsoo'ahal-FiqhiYyah,6/29

38. 35
However,the principleis thot the imom must be
followed,os lhe Prophef* soid:,,Theimom is there
to be followed, so do not differ from him. When he
goes into rukoo', moke rukoo'. When he soys
"Sorni'o Allohuli mon homidoh" (Allohheorsthe one
who proisesHim),soy "Robbonea loko'l-homd" (O
our Lordl To You belongs the proise).When he goes
into soJdoh,moke soJdoh.lf he proyssitting,then oll
shouldproysitting."12
. When the lmom nulllfleshlswudoo'.
lf the lmom nullifieshiswudoo'while he isproying,
or remembers during the proyer thol he did not
perform oblution, ihen he should come oul from
proyer ond oppoint someone to finishleoding the
proyer,os wos norrotedfrom 'Umor,'Ali, ,Alqomoh
ond 'Atoo'. lf he doesnot oppointonyone,ond the
people proy individuolly,thisisolsoocceptoble, ond
fhisis the opiniontoken by tmom Al-Shoofi,i.lf he
bringssomeone forword to leod them, thot is olso
permilted.
The evidence for thisiswhof hos been nonoted
regording 'Umor
4r when he wos stobbed: he took
the hond of 'Abd ol-Rohmonbin 'Awf ond mode
42.Saheehal-Bukhaari,no.689

39. 36
him step forwqrd, ond he led the proyer to
completion.rs
Thereosonforthisdeductionisthot 'Umordidthis
in the presenceof o numberof Componionsond
othersond no oneopposedthisocl, soit becomeo
consensus(ijmoo'l,.*
lf fhe imomremembersthot he isnotino stoteof
purity,heshouldindicoieto thepeopleto remoinos
theyoreond go ond purifyhimself,thencomebock,
soy "Allohu ekber"ond leod them in proyer.Thisis
volid.
The evidence for thisis the report nonoted by
AbuDowudfromAbuBokroh:
"TheMessengerof Allohf storiedto leod the Fojr
proyer,ond fhen he indicotedto the people thot
theyshouldstoyiniheirploces.Thenhe come bock
ondwoferwosdrippingfromhisheod."4s
Commentingon thishodiih, lmom Al-Khotlobi
soid:"ln thishodiththereisevidencethot if one is
leoding the people in proyer while in o stote of
jonaobohond the people do not know of it, lhen
a3. Reportedby al-Bukhaari,Fath,7160
". Ahkaamal-lmamah,al-Muneef,p. 234
'5 , Sunan Abi Dawood, no. 233i Saheeh Sunan Abi Dawood, L/45,
Abu Dawood included a chapter entitled Fi'l-Junubyusalll bi'l-qawml
wa huwa naasin (One who inadvertently leads the people in prayer
when in a state ofjanabah),

40. 37
theirproyeris unoffectedond thereis no need for
ihem to repeotit. Butthe lmoomhosto repeothis
Proyer."46
. When the lmom's
uncovered.
'owroh becomes
lfsomeoneisproyingincongregotionbehindthe
imoomond seeshis'owroh(thoseportsof the body
thot musf be covered) uncovereddue to on
openinginhisclofhesorduefo hisclolhesbeingthin
ond tronsporent,then if if is possiblehe shouldgo
oheod ond cover it with something,olherwisehe
shouldcome outof hisproyerond informfheimoom
by soying"coveryour 'owroh"(inArobic"ghotti'l-
'owroh"),or "protectwhol hosbeen uncovered".
He shouldnot stoy quiet ond continueto proy
becouseit isknownthot the imom'sproyer(inthis
condition)isincorrectond followinghimisinconect
oswell.lz
. Reollzlnglhql one'swudoo' ls Involldbecouse
of wlplng over sockswhen dolng so ls no longer
occeptqble.
ao, SunanAbl Dawoodwa ma'ahuMa'aalimal-Sunanby al-Khattaabi,
editedby al-Da'aas,1/159,
t7 . From the oral fataawaof Shaykh'Abd alrAzeez lbn Baz

41. 38
lf one is proying(eilheros on imom or os o
member of o congregotionor individuolly)ond
recollsthol he hod wiped over his socks(khuff)
duringwudoo' of the timewhenthe periodduring
which lhis is occeptoble hod expired,he should
terminotehisproyerbecousehisoblutionisinconect.
Thisis whot hos been quoted from lmomsAhmod
ond ol-Shoofi'i.rs
. Whenfhe lmqm lorgelslhe endlngof on oyoh.
lf the lmom reciteso port of ihe Qur'onin the
proyerond forgetsthe ending of ihe verse,ond
none of the membersof the congregotionremind
him of if, he con chooseeitherto soythe fokbeer
ond discontinuetherecitolion,or lo recileone verse
or morefromonolhersuroh.Buithisisollowedonlyif
lhe forgottenport isnotfromol-Fofihoh.Asfor osol-
Fatihohisconcerned,it mustbe recitedinitsentirety,
osrecitingitisonobligotoryoct of proyer.ls
. Intendlng to proy for roln, then lt rolns before
lhe people stortlhe proYer
lf the peoplego outto gotherforso/ofolislisqoo'
(proyerfor roin),or were intendinglo do so,qnd
thenitroined,lheneitherof thefollowingopply:
'r , al-Mughni,2/505
{e. Ibn Baz: FataawaIslamiyyah,395

42. 39
lf they hod gol reody to go out ond it'roined
before lhey left, then they should thonk Alloh
(subhonohuwo fo'olo) for Hisblessingsond not go
oul.
lf fhey hod olreody come ouf, ond it roined
before they could proy, they shouldoffer o proyer in
grotitudeto Alloh,moy Hebe exqlted.50
. Feellng sleepy when llsfenlng to Frldoy
setmon.
lf o person becomes sleepy or dozes while
listeningto the Fridoysermon,it isrecommended for
him fo chonge ploceswilh fhe personnextto him.ln
doing thishe shouldbe corefulnol to speok;roiher,
he shouldcommunicote by geslures.Theevidence
for thisislhe hodifh noroted by Somurohwho sqid:
"TheProphet* soid:'lf one of you dozesduring the
Fridoysermon,he should chonge ploces with the
personsittingnextto him."'51
Another hodifh wos norroled by lbn 'Umorwho
soid:"TheProphet# soid:'lf one of you dozesin lhe
mosqueon Fridoy.he shouldmove to onofherploce
to sit."'s2
30. al-Mughni,2/296
!i . Af-Bayhaql,3/238; Saheehal-Jaami'no,812
52. Abu Dawud,no, 1119; Saheehal-Jaami'no. 809

43. 40
* 3. Rullngsoboul Forgelfulnessdurlng Proyer
(ol-sohw).
. Doubloboulnumberofrok'ohsproyed.
lf o person is in doubt os to whether he proyed,
for exomple, lhree or four rok'ohs, he should oct
occording to whof is most likely. However, if he
connot be sure which is more likely, he should
ossumewhot he con be certoin of, which isthe lesser
omount, ond moke fhe prostrotionsof forgelfulness
(su,pboduFsohw).
The evidence is the hodith norroied by Abu
So'eed Al-Khudri.gr,who soid:"TheProphel* soid:'lf
one of you hosdoubts duringhisproyerond he does
not recoll how mony rok'ohshe hosproyed, whether
threeor four,then shouldforgetoboul hisdoubt ond
complele hisproyer on lhe bosisof thot of which he
is certoin, ond then moke two sujood before the
solam.lf it turnsout thof he hod proyed five rok'eh,
the two sujoodwould moke it even,ond if he ended
up completing his four rok'ohs , they would be in
defionceof the Shoytsp."'sr
t3, SaheehMuslim,no, S7L

44. 4l
. lmom remembersfhql he forgol fo reclle ol-
Fatlhohdurlngq sllenlrak'sh.
lf fhe imom remembersin ihe finol foshohhvd
(sitiing of the proyer) thot he hod recited ot-
tohiyyoot (the greetings mentioned during the
siiting)in the beginningof o silentrok'oh insteodof
ol-Fotihoh,he should stond up ond offer qnother,
conect, rok'oh, to moke up for the one he
performed inconectly where he did not recite o/-
Fotihoh.Thisis becouse lhe Prophet* soid:"Thereis
no proyer for ihe one who did nol recite (in it) o/-
Fotihoh{theopening chopter of ihe Qur'on)."t4
It is olso required for fhe members of the
congregolion behindhim to followhim,even though
it would be the fifthrok'oh for lhem. lf they do not
understondond do not stond up, bui soy "subhoon
Alloh" os if to indicole to the imoom lhot he is in
error, the imom should gesture with hond
movementsto the rightond left fo informthem thot
he did it purposefullyond to indicote to them ihot
they shouldsfond up ond thot he knowswhot he is
doing.
However,if somethinglikethishoppensfo one of
the people proyingbehind fhe imom, hisproyerwill
be conect os long os he followedthe imom.
51, Saheehal-Bukhaari,no.723

45. 42
Theevidence for fhisisthe hodith of Abu Bokroh
which describeswhen he joined the proyer in the
positionof rukoo' ond did nol recite ol-Fotihoh.The
Prophet * soid lo him: "Moy Alloh increose your
endeovor. Youdo not need to repeot." ss
, A member of q congregollonforgetllngto
reclle ol-Follhoh,or lolnlng lhe proyer ol the
momenlof rukoo'.
lflhe personfollowingtheimomforgeisto recite
ol-Fotihoh,or is ignorontof itsobligotorynoture,or
joinsthe proyerwhen ihe imom is in lhe stoteof
rukoo', then his rok'oh will be consideredos
completeond hisproyerconect.Hedoesnot need
to repeof the rok'oh, os he is excused for his
ignoronce or forgeifulness,or for not joining the
proyerin fimefor the qiyoom(theportof the rok'oh
whenone isslondingupright).Thisisfhe opinionof
themojorityof scholors.$
Thisisone of the thingswhichthe imoombeors
on beholfof fhosewhomheleodsinproyer.
t5, Saheehal-Bukhaarl,no. 750
5c. Ibn Baaz: FatawaIslamlyyah, 1/263

46. 43
r Rqlslngone's heod from rukoo'lhen reollzlng
lhol one forgol lo soy the fosbeeh.
lf o personroiseshis heod from rukoo' then
remembersthot he did noi soy the tosbeeh of
rukoo',he shouldnot returnto the rukoo'becouse
the requirementfor supplicolionof rukoo' is no
longeropplicobleby virtueof hishovingroisedhis
heod. lf he returnsto the rukoo' inientionolly,lhis
octionwouldrenderhisproyerinvolidsincehe hos
odded on extrorukn(obligotoryoct of the proyer)
whichisthissecond,superfluous,rukoo'.However,if
it wos due to ignoronceor forgetfulness,hisproyer
willnotbe nullified,bufinthiscosehemustmokethe
prostrotion of forgetfulnessif he wos proying
individuollyor leoding o congregoiion.This is
becouse soying tosbeeh ("subhoonoRobbi al-
'A'theem,HowPerfectismy Lord,the Supreme")is
woojib (obligotory).ond if one forgetsit, it con be
compensotedfor by moking the prostrotionof
forgetfulness.lf he wos proyingbehindon imoom
ond forgetsthe tosbeeh,then he is no longer
consideredto hoveomiltedon obligoloryoct.sz
s7. al-Mughnima'a al-Sharhal-Kabeer,1/679

47. 44
. Forgelllngthe flrslloshohhud.
lf o personforgefsthe firsttoshohhud,stondsup
for the thirdrok'oh ond stortsthe recilotionof ol-
Fatihah,then occordingto the mojorityof scholors,
heshouldnotreturnto thesittingposition.lf he does
so knowing fhof his refurn is unopproved of, his
proyer will be nullifiedbecouse he hos olreody
stortedonotherobligotoryoct. The obligotoryoct
thot he forgof(i.e.,toshohhud)con be mode up for
by moking the proslrotionsof forgetfulness.The
evidenceisthe hodithnonoiedby ol-Mugherohibn
Shu'boh:"TheProphel* soid:'lftheimombeginsto
stondup ofterthe secondrok'oh,thenremembers,
beforehe hosstoodfullyupright,thot he shouldsit,
lhenhe shouldsiidown,but if he hosolreodystood
fullyupright,he shouldnol sit,but shouldmoketwo
proslrotionsof forgetfulness.s8
Inshort,if someonestondsup forthethirdrek'eh,
forgettingthe foshohhud,one of the threefollowing
scenoriosopplies:
lf he remembersit beforestondingup stroight:
thenheshouldreturnto toshohhud.
lf he remembersoflerstondingup stroight,ond
beforestortingthe recifolion-ofql-Fotihoh:then it is
5r, Abu Dawood,no. 1036; Silsilahal-saheehah,321

48. 45
betterfor himnotto sit,but if he sitshisproyerwillbe
volid.
lf he remembersit ofier stortingthe recitotionof
ol-Fofihoh:then he is not ollowed to refurn to
loshohhud.se
Thesethreecoseshovebeendeducedfromfhe
hodithquotedobove.
. lmom soys the sqroom lhen mqkes
proslrollons of forgelfulness, bul o lqtecomer
slondsup lo complele hlsproyer.
lf the imom soysthe so/oomond o personwho
joinedthe proyerlote sfondsup to completewhqt
he missed,thensuddenlyhe seesthe imommoking
prostrotionsof forgetfulnessofter the soloom, the
lotecomer should sit bock down ond moke
prostrotionswilh the imom,if he hosnot yel stood
fullyupright.Otherwisehe shouldnotsitbock down;
he shouldcompletehisproyer,thenhe shouldmoke
ihe missedprostrotionsof forgetfulness.Theevidence
forlhisislhe someospresentedin lhe discussionon
forgettingto sitfor foshohhudbetweenthe second
ondthirdrok'ohs.oo
5e, al-Mughnima'a al-Sharhal-Kabeer,1/677
t0 . al-Mughnima'a al-Sharhal-Kabeer,1/697

49. 46
. lmom moker q mlsloke but doesn'l
understqndwhot lhe congregollon ls refenlng lo
when they soy "subhoon Allo" lo drow hls
otlentlon to ll.
lf the imom mokeso misiokeond misseson
obiigotoryportof the proyer,ond the congregotion
remind him of the mistoke(by soying"subhoon
Alloh"),buthedoesnotunderstondwhotfheymeon
or does not know when or where he mode the
misloke,ond continuesto move on to olher
obiigotoryoctswhichdo notincludelhe missedoct,
then there o numberof opinionsos lo how they
shouldmoke him understond.The best of these
opinionsisthottheyshouldremindhimof theoct by
the porliculorsupplicotionfor thot oct, e.9.,soying
o'subheoneRobbiol-'A'fheem"if ii wostherukoo'or
"subhoonoRobbiol-A'le"if il wqsthe prostrolion,or
Rabbighfir fi rt it wos the sittingbetween the two
prostrotions,eic.61
* 4. MlscellqneousRullngs
. Forgetllngto weor lhrqamfor Hollor'Umrqh.
lf someoneistrovelingin on oirploneond forgets
to weorthegormenlsof ihroom,ond lhe plonelokes
61, al-Mughnima'aal-Sharhal-Kabeer,L/707

50. 47
off, he should lry to moke it oul of two pieces of
cloth,whotever colorthey moy be, or wilh ony type
of sheetsor towels he con get hold of. lf he connot
find onything oppropriote, he should remove
whotever sewn clothes ond heod covering (if he is
weoring one) he con, ond enterfhe sfole of ihroom
in whotever he is weoring when he possesby the
miqaot in the oir. He should not crossthe mgoof
withoutbeing in o stoteof ihraam.Once he reoches
o ploce where he con chonge hisclothesond weor
two sheelsof cloth {proper ihroom gorments),he
should do so; in oddition, he musf poy o penolty
(fidyo) of eifher socrificingo sheep or fosling for
three doys or feeding sixneedy people. He hos lhe
choice of doing ony one of lhese three ond his
ihroom isconect.
. lnlerrupllonof lawootorsq'ee.
lf o person is performing tawoaf (circu-
mombulolion oround the Ko'boh) or so'ee
(betweenSofoond Mowohl, ond he findshimselfin
need (e.9.,he isthirstyond needsto drinksomething,
or losesone of hisfomilymembersond stopsto look
for him, or becomes iired ond needs to foke some
rest),fhen if the breok isshortond is recognizedos
such ('urfon),he moy then confinuefrom where he
leftoff. Inlhe cosewhere the proyeriscolled ond he
intenupts his towoof to proy, the scholors hove

51. 48
disogreedon thisissue.Themostcoufiousopinionis
thot when he continueshistowoaf, he shouldnot
countthe lostroundwhichhe leflincompletewhen
he intenuptedhistowoofinorderto proy.6a
Theissueof tokingo resfin fowof ond so'ee,
however,isbosedon lhe conditionthqt fowof ond
so'eeshouldbe uninlenupled.Inso'ee,continuityis
not q requirementoccordingto the bestopinion.63
So,if o personis performingso'ee, ond he breoks
oftersomeof the rounds,ond thencomesbock to
complete fhem, this would be considered
permissible.However,regordingconlinuityof towof,
thescholorshovefwoopinions:
Thotcontinuityiswooiib(mondotory),ond thoto
longinterruptionwithoutdue justificotionnullifiesthe
towqf.
Thofcontinuityiso sunnoh,ond the towofisnot
nullifiedeventhoughthebreokwoslong.aa
However,it isbeiferlo oct occordingto the first'
opinion,to be onthesofeside.
62 lbn Baz: Fatawa al-HaJJwa'lrumrah, p. 80; al-Majmoo' li'l-
Nawawi,S/49
c! . al-Mughnima'aal-Sharhal-Kabeer,3/414
t' . This is the opinionfavored by al-Nawawiln al-Ma|moo',8/47

52. 49
' Burlolof one who dlesol seo.
lf o persondieson o shipwhiletrovelingof seo,
occordingto lmomAhmod,the peopleshouldwoit
if they hope to reoch someploce wherethey con
buryhim (suchos on islondor beoch)in o doy or
two,ond if theyore confidenlthot the bodywillnot
decoy. However,if thisisnot possible,lhey should
woshthebody,shroudond embolmit,thenproyfhe
funerolproyer,ond finolly,tiesomefhingheovyfo it
ond dropifinihewoter.65
' Chonglngmoney (somecunency).
Supposeo personhos,for exomple,o cunency
note wlth o foce volue of 50, ond he wontsto
chongeii intofive l0's,ond osk onotherpersonto
providethechongeforhim,butthispersonhosonly
threel0's.lsii permittedfor thefirstperson(i.e.the
onewhowontsthechonge)to givehimthe50ond
toke the three i0's,leovingthe remoining20 os o
loqnfo be collectedbyhimloter?
Sincesucho procticeiswidespreodnowodoys,
most people would be token obock if they ore
informedthotthisisribo(usury).Thereoson(forsuch
o procticebeingusury)islhotlheomounteochone
of the two tookisdifferent,whereostheconditionin
c5, al-Mughnima'aal-Sharhal-Kabeer,2/381

53. 50
sellingond chongingcunencynotesisthot if they
belongfo thesometypeof currency{e.9.,dollorsin
exchonge for dollors,or dinors in exchonge for
dinors,etc.)thentheymustbe thesomeinmonetory
volueond exchonged"coshdown" (hondin hond,
notdefened).ThisisbecousetheProphet* soid:
"Do not sell gold for gold unlessthe two ore
equivolent,ond do not sello lesseromounl for o
greoteromount or vice verso.Do not sellsilverfor
silverunlessthetwooreequivolent,onddo nofsello
lesseromountforo greoleromounlorviceverso.Do
nof sellgold ond silverthot is not presentof the
momentof exchonge(i.e.o defenedomount)for
goldorsilverthotispresent."ee
Thishodith prohibitsbolh ribo ol-fodl (usuryof
surplus)qnd ribo on-nosee'oh(usuryof credit or
deloyedpoyment).
Sothe woy for peoplelo ovoid lhis,os lhey ore
olwoysin needof exchongingcurrencynotes,isos
follows:the one who hos o currencynote of 50
shouldgiveit io theotheroscolloterolond tokethe
30fromhimoso loon.Loferheshouldrepoytheloon
ond toke his50 bock. (N.B.Alfhoughihe net result
moy oppeorthe some,thereiso differencein the
woythetronsoctioniokesploce.)e7
tG, Saheehal-Bukhari,No. 2068
rt. Fromthe oral fatawaof Shaykh'Abdalf,Azlzibn Baz.

54. 5l
' Belng qrked lo do somelhlng ql work thol ls
ogolnsl lslqmlc teochlngt.
Whot should one do if one is osked to do
somethingof work thot he feels is conlrory lo the
teochingsof lslom?
lf o personisordered to do o cerioin ossignment
ot hiswork, he shouldthinkobout it_-ifthe oct does
noi involve ony disobedienceto Alloh,moy He be
glorifiedond exolled,he shouldgo oheod ond do if.
Olherwise,if it does involve some disobedience to
Alloh, moy He be glorifiedond exolted, he should
not obey the commond, or elsehe willbe o porty to
sinond wrong-doing.TheProphet(* soid:"A humon
mustnot be obeyed if thot involvesdisobedienceto
Alloh, moy He be glorified ond exolted. Indeed,
obedience only opplies in the cose of righteous
deeds."68
Alloh soid in the Qur'on (obout the people who
went ostroy):
t
( @'tJi 6)tG 6;rS3ul.3u-rJiilu:6irlu; y
"They will soy: 'Our Lordl Verily,we obeyed our
chiefsond our greot ones,ond they misledus from
the (Righi)Woy."'os
ct . Saheehal-Bukhariwith Fath al-Baari,L3/LZL;Ahmad, 1/91; thls
versionwas narratedin al-Silsilahal-Saheehah,No. 181
'e, al-Ahzaab33:67

55. 52
* 5. Generql Behovlor ond Sunnoh of lhe
Prophet(peoce qnd blesrlngsol Alloh be upon
hlm).
. Ihe properwoy lo lhonk Alloh*.
lf o Muslimreceiveso bounlyor isrescuedfrom
sometriol,it isrecommendedfor himio performthe
prostrolionof thonkfulness.Abu Bokroh.{r reports
thot: "When the Prophetild receivedsomething
whichpleosedhimor glod tidings,he wouldmoke
prostrotioninlhonkslo Alloh."zo
Rituolpurity(tohooroh|ond focing the qibloh is
not o requirementfo moke the prostrotionof
thonkfulness,however,if one mokeswudoo' ond
focestheqibloh,lhotisprefened.Tl
. Accepllng money or property recelved
wllhout osklngfor ll.
lf something(e.g.,money,property,etc.)whichis
holaol (lslomicollypermissible)comes to you,
whether through onolher personor other entity,
withoutyou osking,yeorningor beggingfor it, ond
without you hoving degroded yourself,then he
70, Abu Dawud, na,2774i,lt ls saheeh,and was also reported in
Mishkaatal-Masabeh,no. 1494
?r, Malmod Fataawaby Ibn'Uthaymeen, 4/216

56. 53
shouldoccept it. 'Umor
S nonoied thot: "The
Prophel;r soid:'lf something(i.e.,money,property,
etc.) comeslo you for whichyou did not yeornor
osk for, then occept it. Othenarisedo not bother
oboutit."'72
. Asklng q Musllm hosf obout food or drlnk he
servet.
lf o Muslimisservedfood in hisMuslimbrother's
house,ond he iswoniedoboutwhetherthe meot is
holoolor horoom,he moyeol it wilhoulquestioning
becouse,in lslom,the principleis thot o Muslimis
trustworthy.Theevidencefor thisisthe soyingof the
Prophet*: "lf one of you enlersthe houseof his
Muslimbrotherond he offershimfood,let himeof it
ond not oskonythingoboutit, ond if he offershim
somethingto drink,let him drinkit ond not osk
onYthingoboulit."73
Thisisolsobecousesuchintenogotionmoy insult
hishostond mokehimfeelthotheisbeingdoubted.
t2. Saheehal-Bukhari,no, 1404
73. Ahmad,2/399; al-silsllahal-Saheehah,no.627

57. 54
r Wolklngwlth only one shoeon lf the olher one
lsdomoged.
lf someonewolkingwifhshoeson,ond breoksor
teorsone of them,he shouldnotwolkwithonlyone
shoe,while hisother foot is bore. He shouldeither
repoirthe brokenshoeond weor both, or toke otf
bothond wolkborefoot.Wolkingborefootot timesis
sunnoh.Theevidenceforthisisthe nonotionof Abu
Huroyrohlhot:"TheProphet* soid:'Oneshouldnot
wolk wiih only one shoe.One shouldeitherweor
bothortokebothof themoff."'74
Thescholorshqvesoido numberof thingsoboul
thereosonfordoingso.Themostouthenticof these
is whot hos been describedby lbn ol-'Arobiond
othersthot "lt isthewoy of wolkingof theShoyton".
(FothoLtuon, 10/310)Theevidencefor thisis the
report of Abu Huroyroh4p:"The Prophetfi soid:
'lndeedtheShoytonwolksinoneshoe."7s
. Good dreoms
lf o Muslim sees o good dreom, ii is
recommendedforhimto do thefollowing:
. He shouldproiseond lhonkAlloh0*,moy He be
glorified.
tt. Saheehal-Bukhari,no. 5518
t5 . al-sllsllahal-saheehah,no. 348

58. 55
r He moy interpretit himselfor discussit with o
knowledgeoblepersonwho moyinterpretitforhim.
. He should not tell onyone obout it except
someone who moy give him good odvice, or
someonewho is wise, or someonehe loves.He
should not inform someonewho moy become
jeolousof him.
Theevidenceforthisisthereportof Abu So'eed
ol-Khudri.#: "TheProphetS soid:'lf onyoneof you
seeso dreomthot he likes,thenit isfromAlloh,ond
heshouldthonkAllohforitondtellitto others."76
And it wos olsoreportedfrom Abu Huroyroh.*
lhot:"TheProphet* soid:'Donotnonoteyourgood
dreomsto onyoneexcepto knowledgeobleperson
orsomeonewhomoygiveyougoododvice."z
Thisisbecousesuchpersonsmoyinterpretifinthe
mosloppropriotewoy, unlikeone who isjeolousor
ignoronf.
' Bod dreqms
lf o Muslimseeso bod dreom (nighimore),he
shoulddo lhefollowing:
. Heshouldspit(dryly)to hisleftihreetimes.
76,Saheehal-Bukharl,no, 6584
77. Jaami'al-Tirmidhi,no. 2280; al-Silsilahal-Saheehah,no. 1119

59. 56
. Heshouldseekrefugein AllohfromShoytonthree
times.
. Heshouldseekrefugein Allohfromthe evilof the
dreom.
. Heshouldstondup ond proy.
. He shouldchonge the side on which he wos
sleepingif hewontsto conlinueto sleep,evenif thot
meonsfurningontohisleftside.
. Heshouldnotinformonyone.
' He should neither inlerprel it himselfnor osk
onyoneelseto interprelit.
Theevidencefor lhisisthe ndnolionof Joobir.*s
thot: "TheProphetf soid:'lf ony one of you seeso
dreomthot he dislikes,he shouldspitto hisleftlhree
iimes,seekrefugein Allohfrom the Shoyton,ond
turnoveronto hisotherside."78
Accordingto onotherreporl,the wordingis:"He
shouldseekrefugein Allohfrom itsevil,so thot it
doesnothormhim."
The nonoiorof thishodithsoid:"l usedto see
dreoms thot weighed heovier on me thon o
mountoin,but os soonos I heqrdthishodith,so I
neverwoniedoboutitogoin."ze
7r, SaheehMuslim,no.2262
7e, SaheehMuslim,no. 2261

60. 57
Joobir +* reported thot o Bedouincome to the
ProphetiF ond soid: "O Prophefof Alloh, I sow o
dreom ihot my heod wos chopped off ond rolled
owoy, ond I ron ofier it." TheProphelfi soid to him:
"Do nol tell people the Shoytonisployingwith you in
yourdreoms."80
According to onother report, the wording is: "lf
onyone seessomethinghe dislikes,he shouldget up
OrtdPrOY."al
. Belng offecled by seelng o womqn.
lf o Muslimseeso non-mohromwomon, ond lhis
hoson effeci on him,then if he hoso wife he should
go home ond hove intercoursewilh her so thot he
moy rid himself of whotever offected him. The
evidence for fhisis the nonofion of Joobir 4r: "The
Prophet* soid:'lf ony one of you isottrocfed to qnd
likeso womon, he shouldgo bock to hiswife ond
hove iniercoursewith her,becouseihiswillrid him of
whoiever offected him."'o2
. Sltllng between lhe sun ond lhe shqde ls nol
qllowed.
lf the ploce where one issittingfollsbeveen the
sun ond the shode. he shouldchonge his ploce,
to . SaheehMuslim,no. 2268
t! . Jaami'al-Tirmidhi,no. 2280; Saheehal-Jaaml',no. 3533
!2 . SaheehMuslim,no, 1403

61. 58
becousethe Prophet* soid:"lf one of youis(sitting)
in shodethot diminishesinsize,resultingin port of his
bodyremoininginthesunond therestundershode,
heshouldget upond move."83
The reoson for this is thot this is the position
fovored by the Shoyfon.The evidence is the
Prophet'sprohibitionof sittingportiollyinthesunond
porfiollyinshode.HeS soid:"Thisisthe plocewhere
theShoytonsifs."e
. Whenlllnesssirlkesone'swlfe.
lf on illnessslrikes someone's wife, it is
recommendedforhimto do whottheProphet*did:
"When on illnessslruckhis one of his wives,he
orderedfor soupto be prepored.Thenhe ordered
herto drinkfromif. He usedto soy:'Thisstrengthens
the heort of lhe one who isdistressed,ond cleons
theheorlof thesickpersonjusiosoneof youcleons
herfocewithwoter."'E5
. lf one'schlldrenor fomllymemberslle.
lf one of the childrenor fomilymembersof o
personlies,he shouldlreof lhis issueos did the
Prophet*: "lt he * come lo knowthof one of his
13, Abu Dawud,no. 4821; Saheehal-Jaami',no. 748
!' . Ahmad, 3/413; Saheehal-Jaami',No. 6823
t5 , Jaami'al-firmidhi, no. 2039; Saheehal-Jaami',no.4646

62. 59
fomily members hod lied, he would keep owoy from
him untilhe repente{." ae
. When lelllng lhe lruth ls nol lhe best optlon.
lf o Muslim foces o difficuli siluotion where he
needs to soy whot is ogoinsl the kuth in order to
protecf himselfor someone who is innocent, or lo
sove himselffrom seriousfrouble, is there o woy for
him to escope lhe situotionwilhout lying or folling
intosin?
Yes, there is o legol woy ond o permissible
escope lhot one con moke useof if necessory.tt is
equivocotion or indirecinessin speech. lmom ol-
Bukhori(moy Alloh hove mercy on him) entifled o
chopter of hisSoheeh:"lndirectspeechiso sofewoy
to ovoido lie".87
Equivocotionmeonssoyingsomethingwhich hos
o closermeoningthot the heorerwillunderstond,but
it olsohoso remote meoningwhich whot isoctuolly
meoni ond is linguisticollyconecf. Thecondition for
thisislhot whoteverissoidshouldnot presento trufh
os folsiiyond vice verso.Thefollowingore exomples
of such stotementsused by the solof ond eorly
t6 , al-Silsilahal-Saheehah,no.2052; Saheehal-Jaami.,no.4675
17. Saheehal-Bukhaari,Kitaabal-Adab(Book of Manners),chapter
1 1 6

63. 60
imoms,ond collectedby lmom lbn ol-Qoyyimin his
booklghothotol-Lohfoon:
Itwosreportedobout Hommod{moyAllohhove
mercyon him),if someonecqme thot he did nol
wontto sitwith,hewouldsoyosif inpoin:"Mytooth,
mytoothl"Thenlhe boringpersonwhomhe did not
likewouldleovehimolone.
lmom SufyoonAl-Thowriwos brought to lhe
kholeefohol-Mohdi,who likedhim, but when he
wonted to leove,the kholeefohfold himhe hod fo
stoy.Al-Thowrisworethot he wouldcome bock. He
then wenl out, leovinghisshoesof the door. After
sometimehe come bock,tookhisshoesond went
owoy.Thekholeefohoskedobouihim,ond wostold
thot he hod swornlo come bock,so he hod come
bockond tokenhisshoes.
lmomAhmodwosin hishouse,ond someof his
students,including ol-Mirwodhi,were with him.
Someonecome olong,oskingfor ol-Mirwodhifrom
outsidethe house,but lmomAhmoddid not wont
himto go out,so he soid:"Al-Mirwodhiisnot here,
whot would he be doing here?"whilstputtinghis
fingerin the polmof hisotherhond,ond the person
outsidecouldnolseewhothewosdoing.
Otherexomplesof equivocotionorindirectnessin
speechincludethefollowing:

64. 6l
lf someone osksyou whether you hove seen so-
ond-so, ond you ore ofroid lhot if you tell the
questionerobout him thiswould leod lo horm, you
con soy"mo ro'oytuhu",meoningthot you hove not
cut his lung, becouse ihis is o conect meoning in
Arobic l"mo re'eyfuhu" usuollymeons "l hove not
seen him," bul con olso meon "l hove not cut his
lung"l; or you could deny hovingseenhim,refening
in your heortto o specificfimeond ploce where you
hove not seenhim.lf someoneosksyou to sweoron
oolh fhof you will never speok to so-ond-so,you
could soy,"Walloohilon ukallumohu",meoninglhot
you will not wound him, becouse "kolorn"con olso
meon "wound" in Arobic [os well os "speech"].
Similorly,if o person is forced lo utter words of kufr
ond istold to deny AllohtH,it ispermissiblefor him io
soy "Koforlu bi'l-loohi",meoning "l denounce the
ployboy" [which soundsthe some os the phrose
meoning "l deny Alloh."l(lghoathot ol-Lahfaonby
lbn ol-Qoyyim, l/3Bl tt., 2/106-107.See olso the
seclion on equivocotion (mo'ooreed) in A/-Adoob
ol-Shor'iyyohby lbn Muflih,1/14l'.
However,one shouldbe coutiousfhot the useof
such stotementsis restrictedonly to situotionsof
greol difficulty.olherwise:
. Excessiveuseof it moy leod to lying.
. One moy losegood friends,becouse they would
olwoysbe in doubf osto whot ismeont.

65. 62
r lf the person to whom such o stotement is given
comes to know thot the reolity wos different from
whot he wos told, ond he wos not owore thot the
person wos engoging in deliberole ombiguity or
equivocotion, he would considerthot personto be o
lior. This goes ogoinst fhe principle of protecting
one's honor by not giving people couse to doubt
one'sintegrity..
. The personwho usessuch o technique frequently
moy become proud of hisobilityto toke odvontoge
of people.
Finolly,I osk Alloh t3, moy He be glorifiedond
exolted, to give us o proper understonding of our
religion,t<-rteoch us thot which will benefit us,ond
benefitusfromwhot Hefeochesus,to guide us,ond
to profect usfrom the evilsof our own selves.Alloht*
isthe bestProtectorond Heisthe mostMercifulof oll.
Moy AllohS#blessourProphetMuhommqd * ond
hisfomilyond comPonions.
SheikhMuhommedSolihAl-Munoijid
P.O.Box2999,Al-Khobor,
Kingdomof SoudiArobio
http//www.islom-qo.com

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