9. 3-Thermal catalytic cracking
• Long ,heavy petroleum chains(less used) converted
into short ,lighter chain product (used).
cracking
-Short chain Alkanes eg.gasoline
-used as car fuels
-short chain alkenes eg ,ethene propene
-C8H18 C4H8+C4H10
- Manfacture of polymers.
High
tem,presure,
catalyst
10. Uses of Halogenated comp of Alkanes
USES
STRUCTURE
COMPOUND
• used as anesthetic substance
but , it is stopped as inaccurate
dose taken.
1-Chloroform
• used now as anesthetic with
safety instead of chloroform.
2-Halothane
• used in dry cleaning .
3-1,1,1 tri chloro
ethane
11. (cont…..)
Uses:
1- in Air conditions and fridges.
2-rushed substance to liquid.
3-in perfumes.
4-cleaner in electronic sets.
About it:
-kind of halogenated comp of alkanes
-eg: CF4(tetra fluoro methane)-CF2CL2 is
a famous .
Advantages:
1- sheep price.
2- Non poisonous.
3-Non corrosive for metals.
Disadvantages:
1- Decay of ozone layer(O3) that protect
the earth from harmful arrays (Uv).
4-freons
12. Economic importance of Alkanes
2- to obtain water gas (CO+H2)
• Uses:
1-Reducing agent in iron synthesis.
2- flammable fuel .
• Preparation:
• CH4(g)+H2O(v)
CO(g)+3H2(g)
1- to obtain divided carbon(black)
• Uses:
1- manufacture of car tiers.
2-black painting.
3- printing ink.
• Preparation:
• CH4(g) C(s)+2H2(g)
No air
catalyst
