Presented by Akamai CEO Tom Leighton at the MIT Colloquium event October 30, 2013.

1. Akamai: From Theory to Practice
Dr. Tom Leighton
CEO and Co-Founder, Akamai Technologies
Professor of Applied Mathematics, MIT (on leave)

2. Agenda
Managing a state-of-the-art Web presence
Akamai’s role in the Internet
Our evolution from theory to practice
Three grand challenges
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

3. Managing a State of the Art Web Presence
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Web servers
Local load balancers
Application servers
SSL and authentication servers
Video streaming infrastructure
Managing third party content
Compression & connection
management servers
IDS & IPS servers
DNSSec & IPv6 support
Mobile app infrastructure
Redundant data centers & failover
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

4. The Web: Simple on the Outside…
End-Users
Internet
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5. …but Problematic on the Inside
12,000 networks
connected by
peering points
(Cloud)
Datacenters
AT&T
End-Users
X
Level 3
X
Cogent
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6. The Akamai Solution
AT&T
(Cloud)
Datacenters
End-Users
X
Level 3
Akamai
Server
X
Cogent
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7. The Akamai Cloud Today
A Global Platform:
•
•
•
•
141,000+ Servers
1,200+ Networks
650+ Cities
90 Countries
Delivering 250,000+ Domains
•
•
•
•
All top 60 eCommerce sites
All top 30 M&E companies
9 of the top 10 banks
13 of the top 15 largest auto manufacturers
Accelerating Daily Traffic of:
• 10+ terabits per second
• 25+ million hits per second
• 2+ trillion deliveries/day
• 100+ petabytes/day
• 10+ million concurrent streams
15–30+% of Web Traffic
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

8. Our Evolution From Theory to Practice
Fall 1998: Incorporation
1995 – 1998:
Academic
Research
at MIT
1995
1996
1997
2004 Onward:
Growing a Profitable Company
1999 – 2001:
Bubble Mania
Akamai IPO
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2010:
$1B Milestone
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012 2013+
2001 – 2003: The Bubble Burst
February 1999:
Victoria’s Secret Flash Crowd
Akamai Goes Live
2013+: Road to
$5B: Innovation &
Global Expansion
Fall 1997 – Spring 1998: $50K Competition
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9. THE INTERNET HAS
COME A LONG WAY…
Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
…BUT WE’RE REALLY
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

10. EVERYONE
AND EVERYTHING IS
GETTING CONNECTED
Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

11. Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

12. The Internet of Things
Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
The Internet of Everything
The Hyperconnected World
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

13. ENORMOUS
EXPECTATIONS
Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

14. Instant Web
performance
for any device,
anywhere
The Web
The ultimate
must be
in video
secure
quality over
IP Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
at scale
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

15. Instant Web
performance
for any device,
anywhere
The Web
The ultimate
must be
in video
secure
quality over
IP Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
at scale
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

16. GRAND CHALLENGE FOR PERFORMANCE
Instant Web performance for any device, anywhere
Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

17. The Performance Challenge
Time to Download
$
User
Expectations
$$$
Heavier
Content
3rd Party
Content
Complex
Experiences
Chatty
Protocols
Mobile
Congestion
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

18. Speed Matters: Conversion Rate vs. Load Time
Population
Conversion Rate (%)
Conversion Rate (%)
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-9
9-10
10-11
11+
Page Load Time (Sec)
Page Performance & Site Conversion – Feb 2012
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

19. Akamai Performance vs. Large Cloud Provider
APS – AKAMAI (ApP) – Total Time (seconds)
APS – LARGE CLOUD PROVIDER (ApP) – Total Time (seconds)
8x
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20. But What About Mobile?
1 in 4
visits to a
U.S. retail site
today is from
a smartphone
Source: IBM Digital Analytics Benchmark, November 2012
55%
OF TIME SPENT ON AN
E-RETAILER’S SITE OCCURS
ON A MOBILE DEVICE
Source: Internet Retailer, October 2013
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

21. Challenge: Mobile Internet Access is SLOW because…
…the mobile network architecture was not designed for the Web
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22. Keynote Commerce Index: Desktop vs. Mobile
TOP 30 DESKTOP
COMMERCE SITES*
TOP 30 MOBILE
COMMERCE SITES*
Seconds
to load
Seconds
to load
WE HAVEN'T SEEN 8 SECONDS SINCE 2001!
* As of September 29, 2013, Keynote
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

23. Akamai Performance for Mobile
Origin
Akamai Aqua
Ion Mobile
48%
Average Performance
Improvement on 3G
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

24. GRAND CHALLENGE FOR MEDIA
The ultimate in video quality over IP anytime, anywhere
Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

25. Quality Requires Bits
4K-UHD
HEVC/H.265
16,000-30,000
Kbps
50,000
COMPRESSED BIT RATE (Kbps)
8K-UHD
XEVC+?
50,000+ Kbps
40,000
30,000
20,000
QVGA
MPEG1
550 Kbps
VGA/SDTV
MPEG2-4
1,800 Kbps
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
HD-1080p
security perimeter outside the data-center and
AVC/H.264
7,500 Kbps
HD-720pprotect from increasing frequency, scale and
AVC/H.264
sophistication of web attacks.
3,500 Kbps
 IP TODAY
10,000
0
2001
48%
CAGR
2004
25%
CAGR
2007
21%
CAGR
2011
75%
CAGR
2013
Future
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

26. Possible Future Demand for Traffic
2.5B Primetime Viewers
x 10 Mbps
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
~25,000 Tbps
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

27. The Scalability Challenge
Cloud Data Centers
LET’S DO THE MATH:
100 Major Networks
X 5 Tbps
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
500 Tbps
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

28. The Scalability Challenge
Cloud Data Centers
LET’S DO THE MATH:
100 Major Networks
500 Tbps
X
= 5ofTbps
what
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
2%
25,000 Tbps
we need!
500 Tbps
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

29. Akamai’s Strategy Today:
Over 141,000 Servers Inside 1,200 Networks
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

30. Akamai’s Next-Gen Platform:
Multicast, Pre-Positioned Content and Client-Assisted Delivery
Akamai Software Moves into the Home
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

31. GRAND CHALLENGE FOR SECURITY
The Web must be secure
Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

32. Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

33. Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

34. Attacks on Akamai Customers
Typical Attack Size
Large Attack Size
100–200 Gbps
Attacks are originating from
all geographies and are
moving between geographies
during the attack
Number of Attacks
3–10 Gbps
768
800
600
510
400
220
200
14
0
2009
2010
2011
2012
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

35. Attacks are Varied and Sophisticated
Predictable Resource
Location 2%
Cross-Site Forgery 2%
Stolen Credentials 2%
Brute Force 3%
• SQL Injection is the most
common attack type followed
by DoS attacks
• Attack tools such as LOIC,
HOIC and SlowLoris evolve
rapidly and are easily available
Clickjacking 1%
Banking Trojan 3%
Unreported
37%
Denial
of Service
23%
Top WHID
Attacks in
2011
SQL Injection
27%
Source: Trustwave, Web Hacking Incident DB – 2012 report
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

36. Why?
Traditional Hackers: Glory Hounds
Political Hacktivism
Profit
State Sponsored
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

37. Akamai Has a Solution – Kona Site Defender
(Cloud)
Datacenters
Origin
Traffic
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
End User
sophistication of web attacks.
Akamai
Traffic
10000
10000
1000
1000
100
100
10
10
1
1
COVERED
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

38. GRAND CHALLENGES
Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
Our goal at Akamai is to make the
Internet fast, reliable, and secure.
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

39. Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized
web experiences and manage complexity from peak
demand, mobile devices and data collection.
Thank You!
©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM