This document discusses different types of frequency converters. It describes a three-phase two-tier frequency converter that uses bidirectionally connected power switches and programmed pulse-width modulation. It also describes a matrix frequency converter that uses a cascade voltage summation principle with IGBT modules connected in a matrix formation and compensating capacitances. The document presents the switching algorithm, commutating angle equation, output signal diagrams, and a 2-stage frequency converter diagram in Matlab Simulink.