A look at Stained Glass from churches in Surrey, Hampshire and Berkshire produced during the period 1840 to 1940.

1. Church Stained Glass
1840’s – 1940’s
A look at local examples of stained
glass from the period.
Using photographs by Mike
Sleigh

2. The Victorian period experienced a deep interest in
the study of Gothic design, this coupled with the
upsurge in religious activity and new church
building lead to an explosion of stained glass
manufacturers and designers.
The style became Neo-Gothic, with the
major influences being A W N Pugin,
The Oxford Movement and The Cambridge Camden
Society

3. The influence on Neo-Gothic design by
Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin
(1812 – 1852)
Contrasts (1841)
True Principals of Pointed or Christian Architecture
(1841)
An Apology for the Revival of Christian Architecture
(1843)

6. Drummond Chapel, Albury Old Church.
Design: A W N Pugin. Maker: William Wailes of Newcastle. 1839

7. Drummond Chapel, Albury Old Church.
Design: A W N Pugin. Maker: William Wailes of Newcastle. 1839

8. Drummond Chapel, Albury Old Church.
Design: A W N Pugin. Maker: William Wailes of Newcastle. 1839

9. The increase in population and the rise in religion lead to a
boom in church building
Populace expected to attend church which became the centre
of the community
Anglican, Roman Catholic and Non-conformists
all needed new churches
Wealthy benefactors and sponsors contributed money
New Stained glass windows were often paid for by
subscription ‘In-memoriam’

10. St Mary’s, Guildford. Memorial window to Thomas Andrews.
The Life of St John. Maker: Zettler of Munich. 1896

11. Holy Trinity, Aldershot. Glass by Lavers & Westlake. 1893

12. The study of medieval architecture lead by
The Cambridge Camden Society.
Founded 1839 by undergraduates at Cambridge
University to promote “The study of Gothic
Architecture and of ecclesiastical antiques”
Later known as the Ecclesiological Society
from 1845.
Monthly journal The Ecclesiologist.
Peak influence in 1840’s. Disbanded 1868.

13. The Oxford Movement. ‘Tractarianism’ Begun
in 1833 by John Keble and
John Henry Newman.
Lead to the establishment of Anglo-Catholic
liturgical styles in Anglican churches. Anglo-
Catholicism.
The movement had a major influence in the
layout of churches with the re-instatement of
chancels, alters and the other trappings of ritual
and ceremony.

14. St Nicolas, Guildford.
Glass by Clayton & Bell.

15. Major expansion in Stained Glass window production from
1860’s onwards.
Many new and restored churches required new Stained
Glass windows.
Architects worked closely with glass designers and
manufacturers.
By the 1860’s the main companies were using production
line processes to keep up with the demand for new
windows.
Clayton & Bell and Powell & Sons were main players along
with many smaller companies producing high quality
stained glass windows.

16. St Laurence, Seale.
Glass by Clayton & Bell. 1882

17. St Laurence, Seale.
Glass by Clayton & Bell. Window details.

18. St Faith, Havant
Glass by Clayton & Bell. 1882

19. John Hardman was one of the first to produce quality
stained glass. Pugin persuaded him to expand into glass
manufacture in 1845, Pugin was their chief designer until
his death in 1852.
Many stained glass artists trained in the workshops of the
main manufacturers, such as Clayton & Bell, went onto
set up their own glass studios. Such as C E Kempe ,
Burlison & Grylls, and Heaton, Butler & Bayne.
All the firms were in the mainstream of the High Anglican
Gothic Revival but each developed their own style but
mostly based on medieval examples.

20. St Mary’s, Guildford. Jesse Window
Holland of Warwick 1876

21. St John, Stoke. East Window
Glass by A L Moore & Co.1881

22. Holy Trinity, Guildford
Clayton & Bell 1881
St Laurence, Seale
Clayton & Bell 1868

23. St Martin, Dorking
Designer: H Holiday of James Powell & Sons 1884

24. St Michael & St George, Aldershot
Glass by Heaton, Butler & Bayne 1890’s

25. St John, Milford.
Design: Burne-Jones. Glass: Morris & Co 1897/1908

26. St John, Stoke next Guildford
F J Shields 1888

27. St Mary’s, Fetcham. Moses
Clayton & Bell 1903
St Mary’s, Fetcham
Clayton & Bell 1887

28. St Peter & St Paul, Godalming
Clayton & Bell 1893

29. St Peter & St Paul, Godalming
Clayton & Bell 1893

30. St Peter’s, Ash
Ward & Hughes 1896

31. St Peter’s, Ash
Ward & Hughes 1896

32. Christchurch Ottershaw
King David. Kemp 1901

33. St Thomas of Canterbury, East Clandon
A L Moore 1901

34. St Mary’s, Fetcham
Clayton & Bell 1902/3

35. St Mary’s, Fetcham
Clayton & Bell 1903

36. St Mary’s, Merton
Morris & Co 1907

37. St Nicolas, Great Bookham
Heaton. Butler & Bayne 1910

38. St John the Baptist, Puttenham
W Bainbridge Reynolds 1911
St John the Baptist, Puttenham
Detail. Clayton & Bell

39. St John the Evangelist, Farncombe
A K Nicholson 1923/4

40. St John’s, Woking
James Powell & Sons 1917

41. Holy Trinity, Guildford
James Powell & Sons 1921/32

42. St Mark, Wyke
F C Eden 1926

43. St James (RC) Reading
Harry Clarke Studios 1936

44. By the 1920’s many of the stained glass companies that had
been a major force in the previous 100 years had ceased
to exist, although James Powell & Sons were still
producing windows along with a few other firms mainly
involved in restoration.
As a consequence of bomb damage during WW2 there was a
need to replace many church windows. ‘Modern’ design
and new stained glass artists were employed and the
tradition look of church stained glass was lost for good.
.

45. St Michael. Basingstoke
Christopher Webb 1949

46. Goddard & Gibbs started in 1868, have produced
hundreds of windows since then, including some
important commissions and are still trading.
Individual craft studios continue to produce
windows to order and carry out repairs to
existing windows.

47. For further information visit the
neogothicstainedglass website
or see the
Neo-Gothic Guild Facebook page
Michael C Sleigh. 2017