2. What is MSW
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) more
commonly known as trash or garbage
consists of household waste, construction
and demolition debris, sanitation residue,
and waste from streets. This garbage is
generated mainly from residential and
commercial complexes. With rising
urbanization and change in lifestyle and food
3. What is MSW
habits, the amount of municipal solid waste
has been increasing rapidly and its
composition changing. In 1947 cities and
towns in India generated an estimated 6
million tones of solid waste, in 2012 it is
about 160 million tones. This comes from
our homes, schools, hospitals, and
businesses. Municipal Solid Waste does
have four broad category-Organic, Toxic,
Recyclable, BMW.
4. What is MSW
Organic Waste : kitchen waste, vegetables,
flowers, leaves, fruits etc.
Toxic Waste : Old medicines, paints, chemicals,
bulbs, spray cans, fertilizer
pesticide containers, batteries
etc.
Recyclable : Paper, glass, metals, plastics.
BMW : Hospital waste such as cloth
soiled with blood and other body
fluids.
5. Approximate Decomposition Time of Waste
Type of Waste Degeneration Time
Organic waste such as vegetable and
fruit peels, leftover foodstuff, etc.
a week or two.
Paper 10–30 days
Cotton cloth 2–5 months
Wood 10–15 years
Woolen items 1 year
Tin, aluminum, and other metal items
such as cans
100–500 years
Plastic bags one million years
Glass bottles undetermined
6. Management for MSW
Management is the collection, transportation,
processing, recycling and disposal,
monitoring of waste materials. The term
usually relates to materials produced by
human activity, and is generally undertaken
to reduce their effect on health, the
environment or aesthetic. Waste
management can involve solid, liquid,
gaseous or radioactive substances.
7. Management for MSW
Waste management practices differ for
developed and developing nations, for urban
and rural areas. Management for non-
hazardous waste residential and institutional
waste is usually the responsibility of local
government authorities, while management
for hazardous commercial and industrial
waste is usually the responsibility of the
generator.
8. Open Dumping
Compost (14%)
98 % 30%
7.0
Transfer Station
(Compaction)
Resource Recovery
Transfer Station
SANITARY LANDFILL
NH4
Ground Water
16.0
Recyclable Inorganic & Others Organic
56%
MSW Management
Scientific Dumping
OPEN GROUND
9. Disposal & Processing
MSW rules 2000 clearly specifies
“DISPOSAL” in terms of the specified
manner so as to prevent contamination of
ground water, surface water and ambient air
quality.
ULB’s responsibility is to adopt suitable
technology of combination of technologies to
make use of waste so as to minimize the
burden of landfill.
10. Disposal & Processing
Few Technology Options:
Technology Status
Sanitary Landfill with recovery of
organic waste
A good option. Most of the Ulbs
are adopting this option.
Vermiculture
Practical for small volume of
waste. Large area is required.
Power Generation through bio-
methanation
Can be used for source
segregated food waste with low
CN ratio
An aerobic digestion for organic
manure
There is a risk factor of waste
water discharge
13. Scientific landfill must have following infrastructure
facilities
1.Approach Roads
2.Weigh Bridge
3.Administrative Building & Laboratory
4.Site Drainage
5.Leachate Collection & Treatment
6.Landfill Gas Collection
7.Monitoring Network
Disposal and Processing
14. Waste from the city are to be carried in perfectly
covered condition by using Compactors etc.
All carried waste are initially be stacked on
concrete yard protected by surrounding
drainage system.
Entire quantity of waste collected passes through
the processes -
Sanitization
Disposal and Processing
15. Bioconversion & value enhancement
Segregation of recyclable item
Bio degradable waste (moisture content <
20%) finally goes to mechanical plant
Mechanical plant does have certain process
where further segregation is done while waste
moves through different sizes
trommel/scanner.
Disposal and Processing
16. Trenching Method
Anaerobic
Enclosed Hall Method
Closed Box or Tunnel Method
Windrow Composting with weekly turning for
aeration either by lifting ,shifting or turning
Disposal and Processing
Types of Compost
18. Disposal and Processing
After the composting process is over the rejects are
taken to the Landfill in which no. of cells are made to
run for a certain period.
The base liner of each cell at initial layer is a
composite liner comprising of 50 cm highly
compacted soil.
Over this a Geo-synthetic Clay Liner (GCL) is used to
prevent ground water pollution.
Landfill
19. Disposal and Processing
A 1.5 mm HDPE Geo membrane is placed over the
GCL. Leachate collection system is placed over the
Geo-membrane with other additional layers of Gravel,
Geo Textile etc. to make it perfectly impermeable.
Landfill
20. Disposal and Processing
Closure
After the Landfill Cell is fully filled up it is to be properly
capped. The various layers are placed on the waste as
gravel of 200 mm thick, soil layer 600 mm thick, 1 mm
thick HDPE liner. Over that a 150 mm gravel layer is
placed as a drainage layer then a soil layer of 400 mm
thick is placed for vegetation, plantation etc. for a
pleasing look
25. Source of Waste Generation Quantity/Day
Household 80 MT/Day
Street Littering 15 MT/Day
Hotels & Restaurants 20 MT/Day
Vegetable Market 30 MT/Day
Other Commercial Establishment 15 MT/Day
Total 250 MT/Day
Statistics
26. Parameters
Quantity in
percentage
Weight in Tons
Compostable organics 72.5 182.25
Recyclable 2.8 7.00
Metal & Glass 1.50 3.75
Plastics 6.50 16.25
Inerts & Others 16.70 41.75
Total 250.00
Statistics
27. Primary Collection
NGOs to collect household waste generally
kitchen waste from the household bins
(distributed to house hold from AMC’s end) and
transport through tricycle van/ auto tipper to
dispose off primarily in the community bins of
capacity 1.1/4.5 cum available in the main roads
No of NGOs- 20
User Charge per Household : Rs. 30 PM
Collection & Transportation
28. Primary Collection
Hotel, restaurants and other commercial
establishments are also covered in door to door
collection.
No of NGOs : 01
User Charge : Rs. 250 PM
All vegetable markets are also covered by NGOs
No of NGOs : 10
Collection & Transportation
29. 1.1 cum & 4.5 Cum container
Collection & Transportation
33. 600 nos. 1.1 cum container and 60 nos. 4.5 cum
metallic community bins are placed across the
city.
21 nos. refuse compactor to transport waste
from 1.1 cum capacity CB.
6 nos. dumper placer for transportation of waste
from 4.5 cum capacity CB.
18 open tipper truck for transportation of waste
10 nos. mini auto tipper are in the service of
door to door collection
Collection & Transportation
34. Most of the vehicles movement are tracked with
GPS system namely vehicle tracking system
introduced in the year 2012.
To handle debris, construction material 6 nos.
skid steer loader along with 02 nos. back hoe
loader are utilized which minimizes manpower &
time
De-siltation is being done using 2 nos. De-silting
Machines comprising 4 dump tanks. Work is in
progress for covered and un covered drains.
Collection & Transportation
35. BMW (Bio Medical Waste) is collection done
through 02 nos. specialized vehicle from 65 nos.
of hospitals, pathological labs, clinic and
incinerated in out incinerator at Hapania.
To handle debris, construction material 6 nos.
skid steer loader along with 02 nos. back hoe
loader are utilized which minimizes manpower &
time.
Collection & Transportation
39. 20 nos. TATA Ace based hopper type mini tipper
will shortly be inducted in the door to service
which will be made departmental activity to
ensure cent percent D2D collection across the
whole AMC area .
Setting of “Design, Build and Operate basis 250
TPD Solid Waste Processing Plant is in progress
at Devendra Chandra Nagar.
02 nos. new 14 cum refuse compactor will be
inducted in the service.
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