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C_Stevens_Immigration.ppt
1. What do Immigration Officers
look for in a travel document?
Charlie Stevens
National Document Fraud Unit
UK Immigration Service
2. Introduction
What is the purpose of a
travel document?
It is a document that
confirms identity and
nationality for the
purpose of crossing
international borders
3. Why does it need to be secure?
To ensure that the document cannot be
counterfeited or unofficially altered. An
Immigration official will use the document to
confirm a person’s nationality, identity and
entitlement to leave to enter.
4. What is the role of ICAO?
• More than 200 countries issue passports
• Each country issues many different docs.
• ICAO promotes a standard layout
• Recommended safeguard standards
• Digital images are more secure
• The MRZ offers global machine-readability
• Standards for biometrics are vital
5. Training
Because of the numbers of different travel
documents that are in circulation, it is usual for
Immigration officials to be trained to identify
generic rather than specific security features.
It would be impossible to remember the specifics
of every travel document.
That is why adherence to ICAO specifications is
so vital.
6. How is the document checked?
Verification of a travel document takes place on
four levels.
• Level 1 – on entry
• Level 2 – back office
• Level 3 – forensic lab
• Level 4 - manufacturer
7. Why is Level 1 so important?
• This is the start of the chain. If suspicions are
not raised here, level 2 – 4 checks cannot be
conducted.
• Often it is behaviour that gives rise to
suspicion, not the document.
• At this point impostors as well as document
fraud are identified.
8. Equipment used at Level 1
• MRZ reader
• Ultra-violet light
• Transmitted light
• Limited magnification
• Full page reader
9. Detection at Level 1
• At this level it is the passenger's bona fides
that are tested
• Compliance of MRZ is validated
• Check of passenger against watch lists
• Check of document number against watch lists
• Are they the rightful holder?
• Security features checked
10. Document security features
verifiable at Level 1
• Substrate features
– UV dull paper
– Complex multi-tonal watermark
– Random fibres (visible and/or UV)
– Planchettes
– Embedded thread
11. Document security features
verifiable at Level 1
• Security printing
– Intaglio with latent image
– Anti-copy features
– Rainbow
– Guilloche
– Micro-text
12. Document security features
verifiable at Level 1
• Laminate features
– UV inks
– Visible safeguards
– Special inks (thermochromic, phosphorescent)
– 3M
13. Document security features
verifiable at Level 1
• Security features
– Optically Variable Devices
– Optically Variable Inks
– ImageperfTM
– CLITM, TLITM, etc.
15. BUT!
It must be borne in mind that an Immigration
official only has a very short time and little in
the way of equipment to conduct all of these
checks.
