This document provides an overview of mental health nursing and the classification of mental disorders. It outlines the objectives of explaining classifications of mental disorders according to the ICD-10, DSM-V systems, and differentiating between the two. Key points covered include definitions of mental illness and psychiatric nursing, the historical development of psychiatry, and classifications of disorders by the ICD-10 including organic disorders, substance use disorders, schizophrenia and mood disorders. DSM-V criteria and the axes system are also summarized. Traditional classifications of mental disorders are mentioned.
2. • General objective
At the end of this session M.N students will able to explain
classification of mental disorder.
3. Specific Objectives:
At the end of this session, the MN first year student will be able to:
Identify the mental health illness
enlist the traditional classification of mental health illness.
Describe the ICD -10 classification of mental illness.
state the DSMV classification of mental illness
Differentiate between the ICD – 10 classification and DSMV
classification of mental illness.
4. Contd.
Mental health Nursing/ Psychiatric nursing
“ A specialty nursing practice focusing on the identification
of mental health issues, prevention of mental health
problems, and the care and treatment of persons with
psychiatric disorders.”
- The American Psychiatric Nurses Association
5. Contd.
Mental Illness
“Maladaptive response to stressors from the internal or external
environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings and behaviors that are
incongruent with the local and cultural norms and interfere with the
individual’s social, occupational, and/or physical functioning.”
- Townsend (2009)
6. Historical development of psychiatric nursing
Psychiatry – etymology
• Psychiatry is derived from the Greek words:
- Psyche: meaning “Mind” or “soul”
- Iatros: meaning “Physician”
• The term was coined by the German Physician Johann Christian Reil
in 1808
7. Classification of Mental Illness according to ICD 10
• The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related
Health Problems, usually cited by short form: ICD ( International
Classification of Disease)
• It is : “standard diagnostic tool for epidemiology, health management
and clinical purpose”
• Published by WHO
8. Major Classification of Mental Disorder/ Illness
Traditional Classification of Mental Illness(Neurosis and Psychosis)
• DSM V
9.
10. F00-F09 Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders
• F00 Dementia in Alzheimer's disease
• F01Vascular dementia
• F02 Dementia in Pick's disease(frontal lobe)
• F03Unspecified dementia
• F04Organic amnesic syndrome,
• F05 Delirium, not induced by alcohol and other psychoactive
substances
11. • F06 Other mental disorders due to brain damage and
dysfunction and to physical disease
• F07 Personality and behavioral disorder due to brain disease,
damage and dysfunction
• F09 Unspecified organic or symptomatic mental disorder
12. F10--F19 Mental and behavioural disorders due
to psychoactive substance use
• F10 Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol
• F11Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of opioids
• F12Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of
cannabinoids
• F13Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of sedatives
or hypnotics
• F14Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of cocaine
• F15Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of other
stimulants, including caffeine
13. • F16Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of
hallucinogens
• F17Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of tobacco
• F18Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of volatile
solvents
• F19Mental and behavioral disorders due to multiple drug use
and use of other psychoactive substances
17. F31 Bipolar affective disorder
• F31.0 Bipolar affective disorder, current episode
hypomanic
• F31.1Bipolar affective disorder, current episode manic
without psychotic symptoms
• F31.2Bipolar affective disorder, current episode manic
with psychotic symptoms
• F31.3Bipolar affective disorder, current episode mild
or moderate depression Depression 17
18. F31 Bipolar affective disorder contd..
• F31.4Bipolar affective disorder, current
episode severe depression without psychotic
symptoms
• F31.5Bipolar affective disorder, current
episode severe depression with psychotic
symptoms
Depression 18
28. F51 Nonorganic Sleep Disorders
F51.0 nonorganic insomnia
F51.1 nonorganic hypersomnia
F51.2 non organic disorder of sleep wake schedule
F51.3 sleep walking
F31.4 sleep terrors
F51. 5 Nightmare
29. F52 Sexual dysfunction, not caused by organic disorder or
F52.0 lack or loss of sexual desire
F52.1sexual aversion and lack of sexual enjoyment
F52.3 failure to genital response
F52.4 orgasmic dysfunction
F52.5 premature ejaculation
F52.6 non organic dyspareunia
F52.7 excessive sexual drive
30. • F53 Mental and behavioural disorders associated with the puerperium,
• F54Psychological and behavioural factors associated with disorders or
diseases classified elsewhere
31. F55 Abuse of non-dependence-producing substances
F55.0 antidepressant
F55.1 laxatives
F55.2 analgesic
F55.3 antacids
F55.4 vitamins
F55.5 steroids or hormones
F55.6 specific herbal or folk remedies
35. F65 Disorders of sexual preference
• F65.0 Disorders of sexual preference Fetishism
• F65.1 Fetishistic transvestism
• F65.2 Exhibitionism
• F65.3 Voyeurism
• F65.4 Paedophilia
• F65.5 Sadomasochism
• F65.6 Multiple disorders of sexual preference -
36. F68 Óther disorders of adult personality and behaviour
F69 Unspecified disorder of adult personality and behaviour
37. F66 Psychological and behavioural disorders associated
with sexual development and orientation
• Sexual maturation disorder -F66.0
• Ego dystonic sexual orientation -F66.1
• Sexual relationship disorder -F66.2
• A fifth character may be used to indicate association with:
• Heterosexuality
• Homosexuality
• Bisexuality
• Other, including pre-pubertal
• F68 Other disorders of adult personality and behaviour
• F69 Unspecified disorder of adult personality and behaviour
39. F80-F89: DISORDERS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
• F80 Specific developmental disorders of speech and language
• F80.0 Specific speech articulation disorder
• F80.1 Expressive language disorder
• F80.2 Receptive language disorder
• F80.3 Acquired aphasia with epilepsy [Landau-Kleffner syndrome.)
40. F81 . Specific developmental disorder of scholastic skills
• F81.0 Specific reading disorder
F81.1 Specific spelling disorder
F81.2 Specific disorder of arithmetical skills
F81.3 Mixed disorder of scholastic skills
• F82 Specific developmental disorder of motor function
• F83 Mixed specific developmental disorders Pervasive developmental
disorders
41. F84 pervasive developmental disorder
F84.0 Childhood autism
F84.1 Atypical autism
F84.2 Rett's syndrome
F84.3 Other childhood disintegrative disorder
F84.4 0veractive disorder associated with mental retardation
and stereotyped movements
F84.5 Asperger's syndrome
• F88 Other disorders of psychological development
• F89 Unspecified disorder of psychological development
42. F90-F98: BEHAVIOURAL AND EMOTIONAL DISORDERSWITH
ONSET USUALLY OCCURRING IN CHILDHOOD AND
ADOLESCENCE
• F90 Hyperkinetic disorders
• F91 Conduct disorders
• F92 Mixed disorders of conduct and emotions
• F93 Emotional disorders with onset specific to childhood
Separation anxiety disorder of childhood F 93.0
Phobic anxiety disorder of childhood F93.1
Social anxiety disorder of childhood F93.2
Sibling rivalry disorder F93.3
43. F94 Disorders of social functioning with onset specific to
childhood and adolescence
F95 Tic disorders
Transient tic disorder F95.0
Chronic motor or vocal tic disorder F95.1
Combined vocal and multiple motor tic disorder [Tourette's
syndrome] -F95.2
44. • F98 Other behavioural and emotional disorders with onset usually
occurring in childhood and adolescence
Nonorganic enuresis -F98.0
Nonorganic encopresis -F98.1
Feeding disorder of infancy and childhood F98.2
Pica of infancy and childhood F98.3
Stereotyped movement disorders F98.4
Stuttering [stammering] F98.5
Cluttering F98.6
• F99 Unspecified mental disorder
• F99 Mental disorder, not otherwise specified
47. The DSM - IV
• The diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
published by American Psychiatric Association, offers a common
language and standard criteria for the classification of mental
disorders.
• Used together with the alternatives such as ICD
48. Contd.
The DSM – IV – TR (text Revision, 2000) consisted of five axes (domains)
on
Which disorder could be assessed. The Five axes were:
Axis I: Clinical Disorders (all mental disorders except Personality Disorders
and Mental Retardation)
Axis II: Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation
Axis III: General Medical Conditions (must be connected to a Mental
Disorder)
49. Contd.
Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems (for example
limited social support network)
Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning (Psychological, social and
job-related functions are evaluated on a continuum between
mental health and extreme mental disorder)
50. The Dx criteria and codes in DSM -5
1.2.1 Neurodevelopmental disorder.
1.2.2 schizophrenia spectrum and other psychiatric disorder
1.2.3 bipolar and related disorder.
1.2.4 depressive disorder
1.2.5 anxiety
1.2.6 OCD related disorder
1.2.7 trauma related disorder
1.2.8 dissociative disorder
51. • 1.2.9 somatic symptom
• 1.2.10 feeding and eating disorder
• 1.2.11 sleep wake disorder
• 1.2.12 sexual dysfunction
• 1.2.13 gender dysphoria
• 1.2.14 disruptive impulse control.
• 1.2.15 substance related and addictive disorder
• 1.2.16 neurocognitive disorder
• 1.2.17 paraphilic disorder
• 1.2.18 personality disorder
52. Summary
• Mental Health
• Classification
1. Indian classification
2. ICD Classification
3. DCMV Classification
53. References
• Ahuja N.A short Textbook of Psychiatry.7thed. New Delhi:Jaypee
Brothers Medical Publishers (P)Ltd;2011.
• Sreevani R. A Guide to Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing .4th
ed.New Delhi:Jaypee Brothers ;2018.
• Sharma C, sharma p, Essentials of Psychiatric and Mental Health
Nursing.3rd ed.Kathmandu:Saurav and Awish ;2019.
• World Health Organization (WHO).ICD -10:International statistical
classification of diseases and related health problem.Tenth revision
,2nd ed.Geneva:WHO ;2004.Retrived from
https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/bluebook.pdf on 5th
April,2021
Editor's Notes
Delirium is a serious disturbance in mental abilities that results in confused thinking and reduced awareness of the environment. Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that can result in hallucinations, delusions, and extremely disordered thinking and behavior.
