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Prasedimentasi
       Bangunanprasedimentasimerupakanbangunanpertamadalamsisteminstalasipeng
olahan          air        bersih.Bangunaniniberfungsisebagaitempat            proses
pengendapanpartikeldiskritsepertipasir,   lempung,      danzat-zatpadatlainnya   yang
bisamengendapsecaragravitasi.        Prasedimentasibisajugadisebutsebagai        plain
sedimentation
karenaprosesnyabergantungdarigravitasidantidaktermasukkoagulasidanflokulasi.
Olehkarenaituprasedimentasimerupakan            proses        pengendapan          grit
secaragravitasisederhanatanpapenambahanbahankimiakoagulan.
Tipeinibiasanyadiletakkan    di      reservoir,    grit     basin,    debris     dam,
atauperangkappasirpadaawal proses pengolahan.

      Kegunaan                                                           proses
prasedimentasiadalahuntukmelindungiperalatanmekanisbergerakdanmencegahakumul
asi   grit  padajalurtransmisi  air   bakudan   proses    pengolahanselanjutnya.
Pertimbangandasardalammendesainbakprasedimentasiadalah:

      a. Lokasiperletakanbakprasedimentasi

        Penempatanbakprasedimentasipadalokasi                              intake
akanmemaksimalkankegunaanbakkarena                                            grit
tersisihkanlebihawaldanmenekankemungkinanakumulasi grit padasaluran/pipatransmisi
air baku.

      b. Jumlahbak yang dibutuhkan

      Bakprasedimentasidibangundalambentuktunggal                                 yang
memilikiduakompartemenatauduabakterpisah,
sehinggabilasatukompartemendibersihkan,         kompartemen            yang        lain
masihdapatberoperasisehinggasupplai air keinstalasitidakterganggu.

      c. Bentukbakprasedimentasi

       Bentukbakpersegipanjangmemilikikinerjalebihbaikdaribentukbakbujursangkarkar
enamemilikikemampuanuntukmeredamterjadinyapusaran                air          yang
akanmenurunkanefisiensipengendapan.        Perbandinganpanjangdanlebar        yang
dianjurkanadalah4 : 1.

      d. Ukuran grit yang disisihkan

      Partikel yang disisihkanpada unit prasedimentasiberukuran 1,2 -1,5 mm.
Prasedimentasiakanmengurangibebanpada                                   proses
koagulasidanflokulasidankolamsedimentasi,
samahalnyamengurangijumlahkoagulankimia yang dibutuhkanuntukpengolahan air.
Sebagaitambahan, prasedimentasisangatbergunakarena air bakumemasukiinstalasidari
reservoir        biasanyalebihseragamdalamkualitasdaripada     air        yang
masukinstalasitanpakolampenahan.

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Prasedimentasi

  • 1. Prasedimentasi Bangunanprasedimentasimerupakanbangunanpertamadalamsisteminstalasipeng olahan air bersih.Bangunaniniberfungsisebagaitempat proses pengendapanpartikeldiskritsepertipasir, lempung, danzat-zatpadatlainnya yang bisamengendapsecaragravitasi. Prasedimentasibisajugadisebutsebagai plain sedimentation karenaprosesnyabergantungdarigravitasidantidaktermasukkoagulasidanflokulasi. Olehkarenaituprasedimentasimerupakan proses pengendapan grit secaragravitasisederhanatanpapenambahanbahankimiakoagulan. Tipeinibiasanyadiletakkan di reservoir, grit basin, debris dam, atauperangkappasirpadaawal proses pengolahan. Kegunaan proses prasedimentasiadalahuntukmelindungiperalatanmekanisbergerakdanmencegahakumul asi grit padajalurtransmisi air bakudan proses pengolahanselanjutnya. Pertimbangandasardalammendesainbakprasedimentasiadalah: a. Lokasiperletakanbakprasedimentasi Penempatanbakprasedimentasipadalokasi intake akanmemaksimalkankegunaanbakkarena grit tersisihkanlebihawaldanmenekankemungkinanakumulasi grit padasaluran/pipatransmisi air baku. b. Jumlahbak yang dibutuhkan Bakprasedimentasidibangundalambentuktunggal yang memilikiduakompartemenatauduabakterpisah, sehinggabilasatukompartemendibersihkan, kompartemen yang lain masihdapatberoperasisehinggasupplai air keinstalasitidakterganggu. c. Bentukbakprasedimentasi Bentukbakpersegipanjangmemilikikinerjalebihbaikdaribentukbakbujursangkarkar enamemilikikemampuanuntukmeredamterjadinyapusaran air yang akanmenurunkanefisiensipengendapan. Perbandinganpanjangdanlebar yang dianjurkanadalah4 : 1. d. Ukuran grit yang disisihkan Partikel yang disisihkanpada unit prasedimentasiberukuran 1,2 -1,5 mm. Prasedimentasiakanmengurangibebanpada proses koagulasidanflokulasidankolamsedimentasi,
  • 2. samahalnyamengurangijumlahkoagulankimia yang dibutuhkanuntukpengolahan air. Sebagaitambahan, prasedimentasisangatbergunakarena air bakumemasukiinstalasidari reservoir biasanyalebihseragamdalamkualitasdaripada air yang masukinstalasitanpakolampenahan.