In 2017, Jasmine and Thomas, a married couple, had taxable income of.pdf

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In 2017, Jasmine and Thomas, a married couple, had taxable income of $150,000. If they were to file separate tax returns, Jasmine would have reported taxable income of $140,000 and Thomas would have reported taxable income of $10,000. Use Tax Rate Schedule for reference. What is the couple’s marriage penalty or benefit? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places. Input the amount as positive value.) Solution Answer Married Couple Taxable Income Tax if jointly filed Tax if single Jasmine 140,000 32,181.75 Thomas 10,000 1,033.75 Jointly 150,000 28,977.50 33,215.50 Tax on Jointly Filed = $10452.5 + 25%* (150000-75900) = 28,977.50 Tax if filed separately Jasmine = $18713.75 + 28%* (140000-91900) = $32,181.75 Thomas = $932.5 + 15%* (10000-9325) = $1,033.75 Marriage benefit = $4,238 (33,215.50 - 28,977.50) Married Couple Taxable Income Tax if jointly filed Tax if single Jasmine 140,000 32,181.75 Thomas 10,000 1,033.75 Jointly 150,000 28,977.50 33,215.50.

In 2017, Jasmine and Thomas, a married couple, had taxable income of $150,000. If they were to
file separate tax returns, Jasmine would have reported taxable income of $140,000 and Thomas
would have reported taxable income of $10,000. Use Tax Rate Schedule for reference.
What is the couple’s marriage penalty or benefit? (Do not round intermediate calculations.
Round your answer to 2 decimal places. Input the amount as positive value.)
Solution
Answer
Married Couple
Taxable Income
Tax if jointly filed
Tax if single
Jasmine
140,000
32,181.75
Thomas
10,000
1,033.75
Jointly
150,000
28,977.50
33,215.50
Tax on Jointly Filed = $10452.5 + 25%* (150000-75900)
= 28,977.50
Tax if filed separately
Jasmine = $18713.75 + 28%* (140000-91900)
= $32,181.75
Thomas = $932.5 + 15%* (10000-9325)
= $1,033.75
Marriage benefit = $4,238 (33,215.50 - 28,977.50)
Married Couple
Taxable Income
Tax if jointly filed

Tax if single
Jasmine
140,000
32,181.75
Thomas
10,000
1,033.75
Jointly
150,000
28,977.50
33,215.50

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Contrast apomixis with sexual reproduction in flowering plants Solution Answer: The development of embryo without the ferlization is called apomixis. Embryo is developed by the fusion of haploid male and female gametes in sexual reproduction. During apmixis parental combination are only produced but recombinants are not produced. During sexual reproduction, crossing over in gamete foramation thereby new cobmiantions will be produced.

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Contrast apomixis with sexual reproduction in flowering plantsSo.pdf

Before dawn Josh hurriedly packed some clothes for a job-interview trip while his roommate was still sleeping. He reached in his disorganized sock drawer where there were M black socks and M navy blue socks, although they appeared to be the same color in the dimly lighted room. Josh grabbed N socks, and with no time to spare, he then raced to the airport to catch his plane. a. What is the probability that Josh packed at least A black socks so that he will be dressed appropriately the day of his interview? b. What is the probability that Josh packed at least B black socks so that he will be dressed appropriately the latter day of his trip as well? Solution.

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5. A child’s toy oven uses an incandescent light bulb to bake cookies or cakes. It resembles a conventional oven, except that the heating element is simply a 60 W electric light bulb. a. The light bulb is completely enclosed inside the oven and is barely visible from the outside. Nonetheless energy enters the empty oven in one form and leaves in another. What are these two forms? c. Some that is not a child’s toy is Nitinol. What is that, and how is it affected by temperature that is different from other metals? d. Inside the oven, the light bulb is located just below the food. What heat transfer mechanism carries most of the heat from the bulb to the food? e. If the bulb were above the food rather than below it, what heat transfer mechanism would carry most of the heat from the bulb to the food? It would be mostly radiation. f. The oven’s door locks when the oven is hot. The lock uses a horizontal bimetallic strip. The lower piece of metal in the strip expands more when heated than the upper piece of metal. Which way does the strip curl when the oven is hot? It will curl to U shaped. Solution A)Enters as electrical energy of the filament and leaves as electromagnetic radiation C)It is a nickel- titanium metal alloy with some unique properties. It is also known as Nickel titanium. This alloy exhibits the superelasticity or pseudoelasticity and the shape memory properties. It means this unique metal can remember its original shape and shows great elasticity under stress. Nitinol alloys exhibit two closely related and unique properties: shape memory effect (SME) and superelasticity (SE; also calledpseudoelasticity, PE). Shape memory is the ability of nitinol to undergo deformation at one temperature, then recover its original, undeformed shape upon heating above its \"transformation temperature\". Superelasticity occurs at a narrow temperature range just above its transformation temperature; in this case, no heating is necessary to cause the undeformed shape to recover, and the material exhibits enormous elasticity, some 10-30 times that of ordinary metal D)Radiation mostly some convection too . E)Mostly radiation F)As noted above, different materials expand differing amounts when heated. As an example, brass expands nearly twice as much as steel. If you take a straight strip of brass and bond it to a an strip of steel, you will have what is called a bimetalic strip. When heated, the brass side will expand more than the steel side, and so the entire strip will curve, with the brass on the outside of the curve.

5. A child’s toy oven uses an incandescent light bulb to bake cookie.pdf

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Write a program that moves the ball in a pane. You should define a pane class for displaying the ball and provide the methods for moving the ball left, right, up. and down, as shown in Figure Check the boundary to prevent the ball from moving out of sight completely. Exercise uses the buttons to move the ball. Solution public class Exe extends Application { public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception { double width = 400; double height = 400; BallPane ballPane = new BallPane(width / 2,height / 2, Math.min(width,height) / 15); Button btUp = new Button(\"Up\"); btUp.setOnAction(e -> ballPane.moveUp()); Button btDown = new Button(\"Down\"); btDown.setOnAction(e -> ballPane.moveDown()); Button btLeft = new Button(\"Left\"); btLeft.setOnAction(e -> ballPane.moveLeft()); Button btRight = new Button(\"Right\"); btRight.setOnAction(e -> ballPane.moveRight()); HBox buttons = new HBox(btUp, btDown, btLeft, btRight); buttons.setAlignment(Pos.BOTTOM_CENTER); buttons.setSpacing(10); buttons.setPadding(new Insets(10, 10, 10, 10)); BorderPane pane = new BorderPane(); pane.setCenter(ballPane); pane.setBottom(buttons); Scene scene = new Scene(pane, width, height); primaryStage.setScene(scene); primaryStage.setTitle(\"Click to move ball\"); primaryStage.show(); } private class BallPane extends Pane { private Circle mCircle; public BallPane() { this(0, 0, 10); } public BallPane(double centerX, double centerY, double radius) { mCircle = new Circle(centerX, centerY, radius); getChildren().add(mCircle); } public void moveUp() { if (mCircle.getCenterY() - mCircle.getRadius() - 10 < 0) return; mCircle.setCenterY(mCircle.getCenterY() - 10); } public void moveDown() { if (mCircle.getCenterY() + mCircle.getRadius() + 10 > getHeight()) return; mCircle.setCenterY(mCircle.getCenterY() + 10); } public void moveRight() { if (mCircle.getCenterX() + mCircle.getRadius() + 10 > getWidth()) return; mCircle.setCenterX(mCircle.getCenterX() + 10); } public void moveLeft() { if (mCircle.getCenterX() - mCircle.getRadius() - 10 < 0) return; mCircle.setCenterX(mCircle.getCenterX() - 10); } } public static void main(String[] args) { Application.launch(args); } }.

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Write a program that moves the ball in a pane. You should define a pa.pdf

1. Answer the following questions about OSI model: a.At which layer of the OSI reference model, routers operate? b. At which level of the OSI model, bits are packaged into frames? c. List the layers of the OSI model from top to down. d. Mark those from the following list that operate at the presentation layer? i.MIDI ii.FTP iii.SMTP iv.TFTP v.JPEG e. List the two protocols at the Transport Layer. f. What is the difference between logical and physical address? Do your research (do not copy your answer). Which type of address is used in the network layer of the OSI model? g. Which OSI layer implements IP? 2. Answer the following questions about Router: a. What is a router? b. How many types are routers are available to use? Name them. c. Explain how a router works? d. How many interfaces can be assigned to a router? 3. Describe the components of address classes A~E of TCP/IP addresses. Also explain mathematically how many maximum network and hosts per network can be addressed by these classes. 4. Answer the following questions: a. what is the difference between IP address and MAC address? b. What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6? Why IPv6 was introduced? Show an example of each and explain how they are represented mathematically. Solution 1) a) At what level of OSI the routers operates : The routers operates at the third layer of the model which is Network Control Layer, where a router examines the packets\' data structure and determine whether to forward or not. b) At which level of the OSI model, bits are packaged into frames : Bits are packaged into frames at data link layer, which setups the links accross the physicsl network. c) Layers of OSI model : The seven layers of OSI are Physical Layer, Data Link Layer, Network Layer, Transport Layer, Session Layer, Presentation Layer, Application Layer. Application Layer : At this layer communication partners are identified where we see some one to talk to. Presentation Layer : This is basically part of Operation System where incoming and outgoing data are changed from one format to another. Session Layer: This layer basically handles session and conversations/communications where services include authentication and reconnecting service after interruption. Transport Layer : This layer manages packetiztion of data, delievery of those packets, checking for error. Network Layer : This part is responsible for handling addressing and routing of packets. Data Link Layer : This setup links between physical networks putting packets into frames. Physical Layer : This layer communicates, conveys bit stream through network. d) The protocols that work on transport layer are UDP(User DataGram Protocol), TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) e) Logical Address : In terms of memory logical address is the location where an item resides with the perspective of executing program. Physical Address : Its the actual address or location residing in memory which is defined in binary form. g) The Network Layer impleme.

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1. Answer the following questions about OSI modela.At which layer.pdf

1. Answer the following questions about OSI modela.At which layer.pdf

17. Of these, which represents a heterozygote? a. aa b. Aa c. AA d. both a. and c. 18. Active transport across a cell membrane is a. moving a molecule from lower to higher concentration b. moving a molecule from higher to lower concentration c. moving a molecule from outside the cell to inside the cell d. a method by which cells get rid of waste products 19. All of the following are true about the cell membrane except _____. a. They are mainly composed of lipids and proteins b. All polar molecules pass freely, directly through the membrane c. They are selectively permeable. d. They have a lipid bilayer 20. Which cellular process produces the most ATP? a. Photosynthesis b. aerobic respiration c. meiosis d. anaerobic respiration 21. A plant can regulate the amount of water in its cells by a. moving to a more aqueous environment b. increasing the amount of solute in the cytoplasm c. reducing its rate of respiration d. drinking a tall glass of refreshing rain water 22. Eye color is represented by the alleles AaBBCc. This is an example of ______. a. complete dominant inheritance b. heterozygote advantage c. sex-linked inheritance d. polygenic inheritance 23. During amniocentesis the baby\'s cells are obtained from the ____. a. fluid around the embryo b. placenta c. uterine wall d. developing embryo Solution 17.The word \'hetero\' itself means different and zygote means an eukaryotic cell formed by a fertilization event between two gametes.The answer is (b) as there are two different alleles A and a. 18.a)moving a molecule from lower to higher concentration. When the movement of molecules across acell membrane from a region of their lower concentration to aregion of their higher concentration in the direction against some gradient or the other obstructing factor this is called active transport. 19.(b)All polar molecules pass freely,directly through the membrane. The cell membrane allows only selective molecules to pass,which are required to the membrane. 20.(aerobic respiration) Beccause the majority of ATP is produced in the mitochondria during aerobic respiration. 21.(b)increasing the amount of solute in the cytoplasm because the stomata opens up and aquire the water and stores it.The amount of water in the cells get regulated by increasing the amount of solute in the cytoplasm. 22.(d)Polygenic inheritence As the capital letters are indicated as dominant.Here A has appeared once,B has appeared twice and C has appeared once ,which becomes a dominant allele as there are less recessive characters. 23.(a)Fluid around the embryo Which has cell of the baby and help in diagnosing,whether the baby is a male or female by chromosomal detection..

17. Of these, which represents a heterozygote a. aa b. Aa c. .pdf

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When a researcher is working with a large set of scale data, which measures are we most likely to see her report? When a researcher is working with a large set of scale data, which measures are we most likely to see her report? Solution There are four scale of measures 1) Ordinal 2) Nominal 3) Interval 4) Ratio These are all measures of Qualitative characteristics We usually use frequency distribution and classify the data in different class For the measure of central tendency median or mode is most frequently used and we do not use median which is an average of the given values The mode, median are allowed to measure central tendency of interval variables, while measures of statistical dispersion include range and standard deviation. Since one can only divide by differences, one cannot define measures that require some ratios, such as the coefficient of variation. More subtly, while one can definemoments about the origin, only central moments are meaningful, since the choice of origin is arbitrary. One can define standardized moments, since ratios of differences are meaningful, but one cannot define the coefficient of variation, since the mean is a moment about the origin, unlike the standard deviation, which is (the square root of) a central moment..

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When a researcher is working with a large set of scale data, whic.pdf

When a researcher is working with a large set of scale data, whic.pdf

Which functions of the lymphatic system are not assisted by another system? Explain. Solution The functions of lymphatic system that are not assisted by another system is the transport of white blood cells containing lymph to all parts of the body.This function is carried out by the help of lymphatic vessels or ducts that are connected to lymph nodes to filter the lymph.The right lymphatic duct and the thoracic lymphatic duct together drain lymph to the right side of neck,head ,arm and to the circulatory system via left subclavian vein..

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The symbiotic relationship in which the symbiotic benefits from the relationship but the host u neither harmed nor benefited is called: mutualism. parasitism. commensalism. competition. niche interactivity. Communities of organisms are made up of: populations of different species. different habitats. two or more populations of the same species. ecosystems. interacting niches. The primary source of energy for primary production is: high temperatures. sunlight. hydrogen bonds. glucose. carbohydrates. Chemosynthetic organisms use the energy from ____ to produce organic molecules. the sun chemical reactions the water other organisms. glucose The proper order of predator-prey relationships is herbivore-producer-carnivore. carnivore- producer-herbivore. herbivore-carnivore-producer. producer-herbivore-carnivore. carnivore- herbivore-producer. With each change in trophic level we can expect a _____ % transfer of biomass. 5 10 25 50 20 When nutrients are limited, they do all the following except: reduce metabolism. decrease growth rates. a fleet growth form. immobilize an organism. cause algal blooms. Solution 1. Mutualism: It is a way two organisms of different species exist in a relationship in which each indiviual benefits from the activity of other. Parasitism: It is a non-mutual relationship between species, where one species, the parasite, benefits at the expense of other, the host. Commensalism: is relationship between indiviuals of two species, in which one species obtains food or other benefits form the other without either harming or benefitting the latter. Compettion: Competition is an interaction between organisms in which both the species are harmed. The correct answer is Option C. 2. A community of organisms is made up of populations of different species that interact with each other in some way. Option A is the correct answer. 3. The primary source of energy for the primary production in plants is sunlight. Sunlight is trapped in the leaves of the plants and is used to synthesize glucose. The correct answer is B..

The symbiotic relationship in which the symbiotic benefits from the r.pdf

The symbiotic relationship in which the symbiotic benefits from the r.pdf

The symbiotic relationship in which the symbiotic benefits from the r.pdf

What are brain ventricles. and what functions have been ascribed to them over the ages? What experiment did Bell perform to show that the nerves of the body contain a mixture of sensory and motor fibres? What did Flourens\' experiments suggest were the functions of the cerebrum and the cerebellums? What is the meaning of the term animal model? A region of the cerebrum is now called Broca\'s area. What function do you think this region performs, and why? What are the different levels of analysis in neuroseience research? What questions do research- ers ask at each level? What are the steps in the scientific process? Describe each one. Allman JM. 1999. Evolving Brains, New York: Scientific American Library. Clarke E, O\'Malley C. 1968. The Human Brain and Spinal Cord, 2nd ed. Los Angeles: University of California Press. Corsi P, ed. 1991. The Enchanted Loom. New York: Oxford University Press. Crick F. 1994. The Astonishing Hypothesis: The Scientific Search for the Soul. New York: Macmillan Finger S. 1994. Origins of Neuroscience. New York: Oxford University Press. Glickstein M. 2014. Neuroscience: A Historical introduction. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Solution Ques-1: What are brain ventricles, and what functions have been ascribed to them over the ages? Answer: Brain ventricles: these are the cerebrospinal fluid filled spaces mainly present within the brain useful to protect brain from shocks. Over the ages mainly from Anno domino 130 to 200, scientist and Greek physician, Galen have illustrated about these hollow and fluid filled spaces. According to him, brain ventricles are going to function for a balance of cerebrospinal fluids and sensation and humors associated with movements are mediated by these brain ventricles within the brain through cranial nerves. According to Galen, these ventricles are mainly involved in registering sensations and perceptions finally to promote motor activity through limb movements. French scientists have illustrated that these ventricles are mainly enabled fluid- mechanical theory of brain function to mediate limb movements via muscle activity..

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What are brain ventricles. and what functions have been ascribed to t.pdf

What are brain ventricles. and what functions have been ascribed to t.pdf

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USING JAVAThere are at least two types of nearly sorted array.pdf

USING JAVAThere are at least two types of nearly sorted array.pdf

USE PYTHON ONLY USE DEF function. For number 68 Solution #!/usr/bin/python import sys #Global variables interest =0 montlyPayment =0 balance =0 interestPaidForMonth =0 reducOfPrincipal =0 eomBalance =0 # getInput Function definition is here def getInput(): global interest, montlyPayment, balance; interest = input(\"Enter annual rate of interest:\") montlyPayment= input(\"\ Enter monthly payment:\") balance= input(\"\ Enter beg. of month balance:\") interest = float(interest) montlyPayment=float(montlyPayment) balance=float(balance) return; # calculateOutput Function definition is here def calculateOutput(): global interestPaidForMonth, reducOfPrincipal, eomBalance interestPaidForMonth= ((balance*interest)/100)/12 reducOfPrincipal = montlyPayment-interestPaidForMonth eomBalance = balance-reducOfPrincipal return; def showOutput(): print(\"Interest paid For the month:\",round(interestPaidForMonth, 2)) print(\"\ Reduction of principal:\",round(reducOfPrincipal, 2)) print(\"\ End of month balance:\",round(eomBalance, 2)) def main(): getInput() calculateOutput(); showOutput() main() #In the question the value of reduction of principal is given wrong #Using python , call by reference is not possible.

USE PYTHON ONLY USE DEF function. For number 68Solution#!.pdf

USE PYTHON ONLY USE DEF function. For number 68Solution#!.pdf

USE PYTHON ONLY USE DEF function. For number 68Solution#!.pdf

2. Using our sample data, construct a 95% confidence interval for the mean salary difference between the genders in the population. How does this compare to the findings in week 2, question 2? Difference St Err. T value Low to High Can the means be equal? Yes or No. Why? Why is using a two sample tool (t-test, confidence interval) a better choice than using 2 one- sample techniques when comparing two samples? ID Salary Compa Midpoint Age Performance Rating Service Gender Raise Degree Gender1 Gr 1 66.1 1.159 57 34 85 8 0 5.7 0 M E 2 25.9 0.834 31 52 80 7 0 3.9 0 M B 3 35.2 1.135 31 30 75 5 1 3.6 1 F B 4 55.3 0.971 57 42 100 16 0 5.5 1 M E 5 49.6 1.033 48 36 90 16 0 5.7 1 M D 6 78.3 1.168 67 36 70 12 0 4.5 1 M F 7 42.3 1.058 40 32 100 8 1 5.7 1 F C 8 22.8 0.990 23 32 90 9 1 5.8 1 F A 9 78 1.164 67 49 100 10 0 4 1 M F 10 23.3 1.014 23 30 80 7 1 4.7 1 F A 11 23.6 1.025 23 41 100 19 1 4.8 1 F A 12 60.8 1.067 57 52 95 22 0 4.5 0 M E 13 40.6 1.014 40 30 100 2 1 4.7 0 F C 14 21.7 0.943 23 32 90 12 1 6 1 F A 15 21.8 0.949 23 32 80 8 1 4.9 1 F A 16 37.4 0.934 40 44 90 4 0 5.7 0 M C 17 57 1.000 57 27 55 3 1 3 1 F E 18 33.5 1.081 31 31 80 11 1 5.6 0 F B 19 23 1.000 23 32 85 1 0 4.6 1 M A 20 36 1.162 31 44 70 16 1 4.8 0 F B 21 76 1.135 67 43 95 13 0 6.3 1 M F 22 43.7 0.911 48 48 65 6 1 3.8 1 F D 23 25.3 1.098 23 36 65 6 1 3.3 0 F A 24 48.9 1.019 48 30 75 9 1 3.8 0 F D 25 25.8 1.122 23 41 70 4 0 4 0 M A 26 23.3 1.013 23 22 95 2 1 6.2 0 F A 27 42.3 1.057 40 35 80 7 0 3.9 1 M C 28 75.2 1.122 67 44 95 9 1 4.4 0 F F 29 80.9 1.208 67 52 95 5 0 5.4 0 M F 30 49 1.020 48 45 90 18 0 4.3 0 M D 31 24.2 1.054 23 29 60 4 1 3.9 1 F A 32 27.5 0.886 31 25 95 4 0 5.6 0 M B 33 63.6 1.115 57 35 90 9 0 5.5 1 M E 34 28.6 0.922 31 26 80 2 0 4.9 1 M B 35 22.4 0.976 23 23 90 4 1 5.3 0 F A 36 23.6 1.026 23 27 75 3 1 4.3 0 F A 37 24.3 1.057 23 22 95 2 1 6.2 0 F A 38 63 1.105 57 45 95 11 0 4.5 0 M E 39 34.8 1.123 31 27 90 6 1 5.5 0 F B 40 24.3 1.057 23 24 90 2 0 6.3 0 M A 41 42.8 1.071 40 25 80 5 0 4.3 0 M C 42 23 0.998 23 32 100 8 1 5.7 1 F A 43 75.4 1.125 67 42 95 20 1 5.5 0 F F 44 60.7 1.065 57 45 90 16 0 5.2 1 M E 45 57.9 1.206 48 36 95 8 1 5.2 1 F D 46 62.2 1.091 57 39 75 20 0 3.9 1 M E 47 62.2 1.091 57 37 95 5 0 5.5 1 M E 48 70.1 1.230 57 34 90 11 1 5.3 1 F E 49 61.7 1.083 57 41 95 21 0 6.6 0 M E 50 61.4 1.077 57 38 80 12 0 4.6 0 M E Difference St Err. T value Low to High Solution Two-sample T for Salary Gender N Mean StDev SE Mean 0 25 52.3 18.6 3.7 1 25 37.2 17.5 3.5 Difference = mu (0) - mu (1) Estimate for difference: 15.06 95% CI for difference: (4.77, 25.35) T-Test of difference = 0 (vs not =): T-Value = 2.94 P-Value = 0.005 DF = 48 Difference = 15.06 standard error of difference between means = 5.107 T value = 2.94 Low = 4.77 High =25.35 No, The means are not equal . ( since P-value is very low i.e. 0005) We use two sample t-test to the average salary differences between the two genders. This gives whether there is truly difference exists between the genders . If we use.

2. Using our sample data, construct a 95 confidence interval for th.pdf

2. Using our sample data, construct a 95 confidence interval for th.pdf

2. Using our sample data, construct a 95 confidence interval for th.pdf

Sasha thinks she may have been adopted. She has blood type O, but mother has AB and her father has B blood type. Based on what we\'ve discussed in class, is it possible for Sasha\'a parents to have an O blood type child? Justify and explain your answer, give the genotype of Sasha and both of her parents. It is. Solution The O allele for blood type, is recessive to both the A and B allele and both the alleles A and B are co dominant, hence based on this fact Sasha parents when having the blood type AB and B have the genotypes AB and BO and for Sasha to have the O type blood she has to be homozygous for O allele as it is recessive to both A and B type; hence it is not possible as only one of the parents has the O allele and homozygosity cannot be achieved in the offspring i.e. Sasha..

Sasha thinks she may have been adopted. She has blood type O, but mot.pdf

Sasha thinks she may have been adopted. She has blood type O, but mot.pdf

Sasha thinks she may have been adopted. She has blood type O, but mot.pdf

Review diffusion and the function of cell membranes by matching each of the phrases with the appropriate mechanisms from the choice below. Some questions may require more than one answer. Diffusion Active transport Osmosis Phagocytosis Facilitated Diffusion Pinocytosis Receptor-mediated endocytosis Exocytosis Moves a solute against its concentration gradient with the help of ATP Diffusion of polar molecules and ions passively with the help of transport proteins Three types of endocytosis Engulfing of fluid in membrane vesicles Diffusion of free water across a selectively permeable membrane Enables a cell to engulf bulk quantities of specific large molecules How oxygen and carbon dioxide enter and leave cells Causes plant cell to become turgid Fusion of membrane-bound vesicle with the plasma membrane, dumping of contents outside cell How a macrophage engulfs a bacterium Three typos of passive transport How a cell membrane maintains a higher K* concentration and lower Na* concentration that its surroundings Test your understanding of osmosis by predicting whether water will enter the cell (IN) or leave the cell (OUT), or if there will be no net movement of water (NONE). Assume that the plasma membrane is permeable to water but not solutes. Cell is exposed to a hypertonic solution. Cell is placed in a salt solution whose solute concentration is greater than that of the cell contents. Due to disease, the solute concentration of the body fluid outside the cell is toss than the solute concentration inside cells. Cell is immersed in an isotonic solution. A single- celled organism is placed in a drop of pure water for examination under a microscope. Cell is immersed in solution of sucrose and glucose whose combined concentrator is greater than concentration of solutes in cytoplasm. Solute concentration of a cell is greater than the solute concentration of the surrounding fluid. Cell exposed to a hypotonic solution. Solution Active transport-moves a solute against its concentration gradient with the help of ATP Facilitated diffusion - polar molecules and ions with the help of carrier proteins Three ttypes of endocytosis - phagocytosis pinocytosis and receptor mediated endocytosis Pinocytosis - engulfing of fluid in membrane vesicles Osmosis - diffusion of water across selectively permeable membrane Receptor mediated endocytosis - enables cell to engulf bulk quantities of specific large molecules Passive transport by diffusion - oxygen and carbon dioxide enter and leave cells causes plant cell to become turgid - Osmosis Exocytosis fusion of membrane-bound vesicle with membrane and dumping of contents outside cell Phagocytosis - . macrophages engulf a bacterium Three types of passive transport - Osmosis diffusion and Facilitated diffusion Active transport-how a cell maintains a higher K+ concentration and lower Na+ concentration than its surroundings 1 . hypertonic - water will leave the cell and cell shrinks 2.salt solution is hypertonic - water will l.

Review diffusion and the function of cell membranes by matching each .pdf

Review diffusion and the function of cell membranes by matching each .pdf

Review diffusion and the function of cell membranes by matching each .pdf

4 A common symptom of pharyngitis is swelling of the anterior cervical lymph nodes. Why might lymph nodes swell in the presence of an infection? What else may cause swollen lymph nodes? (Hint: What part of the immune response causes swelling?) 5 Explain why conditions that cause destruction of B lymphocytes and/or T lymphocytes cause malfunctioning of both the specific and nonspecific immune responses. 6 You are running an ELISA on a sample to test for the presence of antigens from the influenza A virus. When i time to add the realize that you only have antibodies for the influenza B virus. Would these antibodies give you accurate results? Why or why not? Solution Answer 1: You can live without a spleen. But spleen plays a crucial role in Undergoing a spleen removal leaves you with a compromised, or weakened, immune system. Spleen has many lymphoid tissues which screen the blood for presence of bacteria and initiate humoral (antibody based) immune response. Living without the spleen makes you more likely to develop infections, especially severe pneumonia, meningitis, and other serious infections. When the spleen is removed, patients need to be vaccinated against these infections along with regular intake of antibiotics. Answer 2: DiGeorge Syndrome causes an absence of the parathyroid glands and thymus. Absence of the parathyroid glands causes low levels of parathyroid hormone and this congenital hypoparathyroidism leads to low calcium levels in children. Whereas, absence of the thymus affects the cell mediated immune response of the body, that means T-Cells cannot mature and the low levels of T-Cells leads to susceptibility for viral and Candida infections. Absence of mature T-lymphocytes also unable B-lymphocytes to develop into antibody producing plasma cells. Answer 3: The lymphatic system is made up of lymph nodes and vessels that drain fluids from your body’s tissues. These fluids carry toxins and other waste products to our lymph nodes before your body eliminates them. Any blockage in lymph vessels or its removal leads to the condition of localized fluid retention and causes tissues to become swollen with lymphatic fluid. This is called lymphedema. It results in swelling in your arms or legs..

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