science 7 lesson

1. The Periodic Table of
Elements

2. Periodic Table
A great deal of information about an element can be
gathered from its position on the period table.
Understanding the organization and plan of the periodic
table will help you obtain basic information about each of
the 118 known elements.

3. Periodic Table

6. Families
 Families in the periodic table share chemical properties
because all elements in a family have the same number
of valence electrons
 This means that all elements in a family bond with
other atoms in a similar way.

7. Elements
Science has come along
way since Aristotle’s
theory of Air, Water, Fire,
and Earth.
Scientists have identified
92 Natural elements,
and created about 28
others.

8. Elements
The elements, alone
or in combinations,
make up our bodies,
our world, our sun,
and in fact, the
entire universe.

9. Properties of Metals
Metals appear to the left of the dark ziz-zag line
on the periodic table.
Most metals are solid at room temperature.

10. Metals

11. Properties of
Metals
Metals have luster.
This means they are
shiny

12. Properties of
Metals
Ductile
metals can be
drawn into wire.

13. Properties of
Metals
Malleable
metals can be
hammered
into sheets

14. Properties of
Metals
Metals have a high melting point.
They are also very dense.

15. Properties of
Metals
Conductors:
Metals are good conductors of
electricity and heat

16. Properties of
Metals
A chemical property
of metal is its
reaction with water
and oxygen.
This results in
corrosion and rust.

17. Properties of Metals
Most metals
have 3 or less
valence
electrons and
therefore are
likely to lose
these
electrons in
chemical
bonds.

18. 1. Conductivity: Metals are excellent conductors of
heat and electricity. This property makes them
vital in electrical wires, power transmission lines,
electronic devices, and various heating
applications.
2. Malleability: Metals can be easily hammered or
rolled into thin sheets without breaking. This
property makes them suitable for applications like
metalworking, where shaping and forming of
metal parts are essential.
3. Ductility: Metals can be drawn into thin wires
without losing their strength. This property is
crucial in making electrical cables and wiring.
4. Luster: Metals have a shiny appearance due to
their ability to reflect light. This property makes
metals valuable in decorative applications, such as

19. 5. High Density: Metals generally have high densities, making
them useful in applications where weight is a significant factor,
such as in construction materials and automotive parts.
6. High Melting and Boiling Points: Metals typically have high
melting and boiling points, allowing them to withstand high
temperatures. This property is essential in applications like
high-temperature furnaces and aerospace materials.
7. UReactivity: Metals can undergo chemical reactions, often
forming metal oxides when exposed to air and moisture. This
property is exploited in processes like corrosion protection,
where metals are coated with protective layers to prevent
degradation.

20. METALLIC PROPERTIES
AND THEIR APPLICATION

21. Properties of Nonmetals
Nonmetals occur to the right of the dark zig-zag on the
periodic table.
Although Hydrogen is in family 1, it is also a nonmetal.
Many nonmetals are gases at room temperature.

22. Properties of Nonmetals
Brittle:
Nonmetals are brittle so
they break easily.
This means nonmetals
ARE NOT ductile or
malleable.

23. Properties of Nonmetals
Nonmetals have
low
density.

24. Properties of Nonmetals
They also have a low
melting point.
This is why they are
poor conductors of
heat and electricity.

25. Properties of Nonmetals
Nonmetals have 5 or more valence electrons
and therefore usually gain electrons in
chemical bonds.

26. Properties of Metalloids
Metalloids can be found clustered around the dark
zig-zag line that separates metals and
nonmetals.

27. Properties of Metalloids
Metalloids are solids
that can be
shiny or dull.

28. Metalloids

29. Properties of Metalloids
Metalloids (metal-like)
have properties of
both metals and
nonmetals.

30. Properties of Metalloids
They conduct
electricity and
heat better than
nonmetals but not as
well as metals.

31. Properties of Metalloids
Metalloids are
malleable and
ductile