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FMP -
theories and practitioners
Kian Devine
Film MakersMartin scorsese is an american film director producer, screenwriter, actor, and film
historian. He has made many films such as the irishman, taxi driver and goodfellas which
can be seen as character profile films, focussing on individual and the development arc
they have through the film. An example of this is Travis bickle in taxi driver and you see
travis slowly succumb to his violent tendencies when certain situations dont go his way.
The focus on characters and their emotions is intriguing to me and is one of the most
difficult aspects of a film to get right as there is no cookie cutter technique to make the
audience connect to said character. Scorsese creates an incredibly believable and
immersive character with many techniques but one consistent way he does this is by
using the roots of the character, the very basis of what it means to be that character. In
Goodfellas, a crucial aspect of the connection the characters create with each other is
due to scorsese’ understanding of the italian culture, focussing on their food and energy
they have with one another. This characterization and flawed nature that is created with
the characters heightens emotions that the viewer feels for them, whether it be anger or
sympathy etc, because they are seen as a relatable and mirror reflection of viewers.
Scorsese’ take on an antagonist is different from most directors as he believes that the
antagonist is also human so have negative aspects of their personality and instead of
alienating this aspect, he uses the thought that these negative aspects are relatable for
viewers and actually explores these personality traits to create a character with multiple
layers of emotions, seeing them at their most vulnerable. Due to scorsese’ childhood and
the era he was born, he developed a unique sense of movies, of what they were and
what they could become. Because of these acquired tastes and expectations, he does
not believe marvel films are true cinema. This is because of his personal opinion that
films should focus on the people, not the spectacle, going as far to say “I grew up when I
did and I developed a sense of movies that was as far from the Marvel universe as we on
Earth are from Alpha Centauri”.
Aspects of
scorsese’s work to
research
-researching how he handles each
characters emotions and displays
them on screen physically instead
of just verbally. This would be useful
as i plan on having a physically
isolated character so being able to
know how to physically show
emotion is vital to creating a deep
emotional character
-scorsese’s use of characters flaws
are handled in a very human way
and shown to the viewer with a
sense of humanity so the audience
see themselves within the
antagonist aswell as the
protagonist. Understanding how to
handle obviously negative
personality traits would be beneficial
to my work as i also plan on having
a character that has an arc that
involving their own natural flaws.
-i would like to research scorsese’s
use of music to understand how it
partners with certain scenes and
how he invokes emotions to go
along with the characters emotions.
Film theory-that film is “about characters the complexity of people and their
contradictory and sometimes paradoxical natures, the way they can hurt one
another and love one another and suddenly come face to face with
themselves.”
Evidently, most scorsese films focus on characters individually so we can understand multiple aspects of
their personality and from different point of views. His previous films such as Raging bull (1980), Shutter
Island(2010) and The wolf of Wall Street(2013) all follow this theory and revolve the whole film itself
around the concept of it. Scorsese believes that this take on cinema is due to the era he was born and
became involved within the film industry, as his friends also started creating films when he did and had a
very similar take. Because of this approach to cinema, he has criticised the marvel cinematic universe for
its lack of depth and predictability within its stories. He believes that the films take no risk and try to cater
to the biggest demographic. Personally i agree that many blockbuster films take the simplest and safest
route to cater to the masses. While it is a smart move financially, it means that most films are forgotten
about or just used to setup a sequel. Using the duration of the film to focus on the character is a very
efficient and thought provoking stance to have when creating a film which intrigues me greatly due to the
skill it takes to create a fictional that behaves and has the same personality as the general public. On the
other hand, i dont believe that film is exclusively supposed to rely on the characters, but instead should
assist and build around the idea to create a living and breathing story for the viewer to immerse
themselves in.
Film Makers-Christopher nolan
Christopher nolan is an english writer-director that has built his way into cinema history using an often nonlinear,
cerebral style of storytelling. His previous pieces of work includes Interstellar, Inception and Dunkirk. These three
films greatly grasp the style of directing nolan has on a fim, playing with the structure of it and manipulating time
to creating many different effects on the viewer. For example, dunkirk uses 4 different perspectives and story arcs
to manipulate what the viewer sees and what they anticipate with each sequence. This concept of playing with
the viewers knowledge of the story creates a psychedelic essence to his movies and creates an uneasy
atmosphere in every single scene. Implemented this structuring technique would help my film create tension and
help to solidify the psychological aspect i am trying to create within certain scenes.Nolan creates the suspense
and tension in films by creating “a narrative that is a maze or labyrinth” for the character that includes mistakes
and wrong turns and taking the viewers on the journey with them. He believes this creates a sense of reality and
making each scene have greater emphasis as the viewer feels like they are “at a place that matters”. Taking this
approach to time and story requires nolan to have a very mathematical thought process, utilising plenty of
planning and diagrams to make sure that the clustered narrative has a sleek overlying story to pair with it. A film
that he has done this with predominantly with is Memento (2000) and nolan explained the structure of the film as
two connected hair pins that alternate between the two different takes on the scenes. Nolan also has a very
unique take on creating tension in scenes, especially when he had to juggle 4 different storylines that were in
different stages of their emotional development like in Dunkirk (2017). He does this by using the Shepard tone
which a series of ascending notes on a scale that by increasing the volume of different elements within the scale
create effect of forever increasing its pitch or “continuously go up like a corkscrew” and when implemented
correctly can create a continuing rise in intensity, narratively. Nolan also prioritises making gripping shots that
compliment each of the scenes emotions, and to do this he focuses on looking at each shot as a 3 dimensional
image and understand where a camera is, why its there and what effect it will have on the viewer by having this
angle. Because he doesnt use a monitor on set, he sticks with the camera so he can grasp every aspect of the
scene for himself, making sure he can align the audience with the character as close as he can. Overall,
christopher nolan creates such intense and atmospheric set pieces within his films that define his characters
decisions and motives. The psychedelic aspect of each film he creates creates an open ended flow for the film,
leaving plenty of room for viewers to fill in the blanks and almost create the story the want to see, instead of what
the expect to see. His style of directing is incredibly inspiring to me and is the reason behind my choice of style of
film i plan on making.
-when researching christopher nolans
films and ideology, it would be
interesting to understand why she
chose this narrative strucuture, and
what he thinks are the unique benefits
of doing it in this style. This is so i can
understand how to implement the
intensity he creates, but without the
emotional commitment the viewers
have throughout the duration of his
films
-Finding out how he uses shepards
tone is crucial to my film as i believe
that it would enhance many powerful
scenes i plan on creating for my film
- understanding how he efficiently
handles chopping up the narrative in a
nonlinear way would be efficient also
as it would help me to grasp how he
creates a strealime story despite it
being in a nonlinear order.
Aspects of Nolans work
to research
Film theory-Blending Subjective and Objective Writing is key for a good
story
“You take an objective approach at times to get you through things, and you take a
subjective approach at other times, and that allows you to find an emotional experience
for the audience.” is how christopher nolan described his writing style, saying that he
takes two different approaches to writing, one on an emotional subject level to reach to
the viewer and ground the narrative, but also an objective approach that links each
section and set piece. Although complicated to understand at first, it means that he tries
looking at his films from two different perspectives, the audience and the creator.
Despite most film maker’s doing this, not many do it to the same level of intent as nolan
does, basing almost entire stories around the concept of the audience having to piece
together the film for themselves and almost decide their own ending. This has been
seen in multiple of nolans films such as Interstellar(2014) and Inception(2010) leaving
open ended final scenes that creates an almost unfinished structure, but realises it
leaves the plot in the audiences hands and allows them to decide their take on what
happened. I agree that this works extremely well for the style of thriller films that nolan
creates, and i has a very interesting effect on the story telling of a film, both for the
audience and for the creator. It also allows more freedom to express the story the
creator wants to show as they can create sequences that cater to exactly what they
need. Despite this, i believe that films that dont have subjective sections of their can be
just as effective as ones that do, but just in a different way as it is not as open ended.
Film Makers- Guy Ritchie
Guy Stuart Ritchie is an english film director and film producer. He is most well known for his
work on Gangster and Spy-esque films such as The Man From U.N.C.L.E(2015), The
Gentlemen(2019) and Snatch(2000) which all have a gritty noir-style chutzpah to them, which
separates his films from other action directors. Guy’s films focus consistently on the quirky
action he creates and the set pieces within them, but also surrounds the interactions within
each group of characters that are exaggerated personalities to fit whichever story he is trying
to tell. For example, in The Gentlemen (2019) Matthew Mcconaughey plays an Overly self
confident drug lord that sells weed underneath Lords’ mansion’s but in every scene you see
his personality seep through as he tries to keep control of every variable and to make sure he
is the most powerful man in the room, even feeling threatened when someone proclaims to be
richer than him as scene in the dining room scene with the prince. While each character has
outlandish personalities, Ritchie makes good use of narration and uses the well implemented
narration to give the viewer vital information about characters or story. He also implements
slow motion multiple times in his films to make sure the viewer notices certain details, such as
the destruction of an object or a gunshot. In simple terms, it's all about emphasising a certain
interaction between two objects and if a character is involved, it can show the importance of
the action towards said character. Ritchie's style of directing is heavily momentum based and
is constantly exciting for a viewer to watch due to the extreme detail and character
development within such a small amount of time. His use of quick cuts clarifies this. Overall i
take a lot of inspiration from ritchie because of how much he can place into the duration of his
films, especially because he keeps everything so entertaining and thrilling throughout almost
all of the film. But on the other hand, i feel that his films are more shallow and light hearted
compared to nolan and scorsese due to the stories he is trying to tell. This means that certain
emotions are never present in a film so most characters don't get any development
emotionally.
Aspects of Ritchie’s
work to research
-His use of narration and quick
cuts are superb and really have a
great effect on the narrative of
certain sequences, finding out
how he does them so well, even
though they sometimes feel
clunky, would give me some
alternatives to use within my film
to liven up certain scenes.
-I would like to find out how he
keeps so much energy within his
scenes yet still has enough
momentum to create a satisfying
climax
-Despite guy ritchie films having
a very light hearted tone with lots
of intensity and action, the open
credits serve a very good
purpose of introducing the
audience to the tone and shape
of the film that i would like to
investigate and see if i can take
any inspiration for my trailer
Film makers
Roger deakins is a english cinematographer that has worked on films such as blade runner 2049
and No Country For Old Men. he likes to work with the same directors on films such as the coen
brothers, Sam Mendes, and Denis Villeneuve. Despite his work on multiple critically acclaimed
films, he has only ever won 1 oscar for best cinematographer which was for Blade Runner. Aswell
as this being my personal favourite piece of work for Deakins, i also believe it is his best and sets
the benchmark for Sci-fi films because of its incredible world building and immersive atmosphere it
creates. Part of his ideology that helps this world take great shape is due to him believing that films
dont have to be naturalistic and depict the world “exactly the life is”, it's all about creating a world
that the audience believes in and hangs together for the duration of the film. For example, Light was
an important aspect within Blade Runner 2049 for Deakins, especially within K’s apartment, and for
the hologram merge scene a blue screen would have been used but Deakins didnt like the effect it
had on the light. Instead of using a blue screen, he used a more practical approach and did two
different shoots of both characters within the exact same setting and then Roto on out of the
background. He believed that this gave the effect a more practical appearance and that computer
generated effects would have made that scene a “disaster” as the story element of this scene was
to make the merge seem as “real” and human as possible. This dedication to such a small aspect of
the film is what makes Deakins’ films have such polish and have such a grip on the viewer as it
gives him such control over every aspect of the film both narratively and physically. Deakins’
preference for physical effects is boiled down to how it looks for the audience, as his opinion on CG
effects are that they are obvious to the viewer and ruined the immersion that cinematographers try
to so hard to create. The reason Deakins’ is such an inspiration to me is because of his pure
passion for creating a world to go along with the story, especially when it comes to how he handles
the obstacles that are thrown at him. Whether it be acquiring a prototype ARRI ALEXA MINI LF
camera, waiting for the exact weather conditions for multiple scenes or even not doubling over on
the trenches so it wouldnt look generic, 1917 is a perfect example of how a film maker should
handles issue’s in production. I plan on taking this same mindset and approach to creating my film,
taking the extra effort and care and making every scene important to create a film that never drops
its quality.
Aspects of Deakins work
to Research
-An aspect of his work that i would be
interested in, is how he handled
working with light in blade runner due
to it having such a strong effect on the
atmosphere within the film. This would
help me to understand how i can use
light in my films to show certain
emotions that i am trying to portray
-Researching deakins use of colour
would also help me to understand
how to implement it into my work, as i
would try and create a similar
atmosphere
-Finding out what the effects of his
lighting techniques would give me an
insight into if lighting is an important
aspect of my film, and if it is
something i need to research and
prepare for since it is an area my
knowledge and expertise is lacking in.
His Film theory-”computer effects can make scenes look like
a disaster, practical effects make scene more “real””
Deakins’ has a very practical approach to most of his settings, and tries to make it seem as realistic as
possible. With CG certain imperfections are ironed out and create an almost perfect lighting
composition that is rarely seen in a real life setting. With this in mind, Deakins’ likes to have control
over almost all aspects of lighting within a shot, going so far as deciding which lamp shades are used.
He has a constant influence on the production designer to make sure his lighting style is considered
when designing sets to motive his lighting and create a design element in many of his scenes. His
attention to detail is the cause of these decisions within the lighting, this is seen when he creates a
vermeer look through windows by bouncing HMIS onto them. Another example of him using practical
lighting effects to wrap light and create the contrast ratio he wants is to different fixtures and
contrasting intensities that are organised in a line behind diffusion. This creates an extremely realistic
lighting effect but also helps him to have control over the focus of the lighting so can place it on interest
points within the shot. Due to my disapproval of modern blockbuster films and their reliance of CGI, i
completely agree on Deakins’ opinion on certain aspects of CG especially due to how it implemented
in films. The best use of CGI in my opinion is when used in partnership with practical effects, not in
place of. Researching this theory and understanding his approach to this thought process will also help
with my project due to my lack of technology and budget, so practical effects are a must when trying to
creating settings.
Films that have inspired me-Kill Bill (Part 1 & 2)
Kill Bill is one of the most coveted cult classic films to date
due to its intriguing set pieces and characters, slowly
unfolding its story to the viewer throughout each scene.
Different plots curve in on themselves, giving you false
information and subverting your expectations, but in a
positive and interesting way. Because of his approach to
scene length, keeping the viewer interested and invested is
often difficult due to being in the same setting and with the
same characters, but because of Tarantino's character
dynamic exploration within said scenes, it means that no
aspect of the scene is overlooked and is worth the viewers
investment. The keys to his success in these scenes are
due to 3 simple attributes High stakes,Structure and
Anecdotes. The perfect example of this is the climax of the
films, The Bride meeting Bill. We see the bride go through
multiple grueling tasks to find bill and the intensity of the
scene clarifies what's at stake here, life and death. The
fluctuation of who controls the scene also shows the
structure of the scene. We see the narrative swaps from the
brides to bills and it explains each of their intents.
After Bills violent outbursts, it relaxes the viewer as the
atmosphere is cut off and the audience focuses more on
the dialogue, especially bills superman monologue which
wraps up into the final section of the scenes structure. The
emotional section. Before this were the physical and
intellectual sections, but the emotional aspect is crucial to
films story and character development so need to come at
the very pinnacle of the scene, after all the buildup.
Throughout all the scenes that feature within tarantino
films, he uses plenty of anecdotes to fill in character
development and link the characters together which add
humour and suspense but also serve to add even more
depth to the characters development. Kill bill doesn't have
the same tone or isn't even the same genre of film as the
film i plan on creating, but the fundamentals of a good
movie are mastered within it and that can be applied to
almost all films.
Aspects to Research within Kill Bill
-Taking a closer look at
the bride’s arch
throughout the film would
be interesting and seeing
what causes within her
character as
understanding how to
gradually show a change
in a character would be
applicable to my film due
to it being a
psychological thriller
-An interesting aspect to take
from Kill Bill is how to structure a
scene with purpose, as it is an
effective way to keep the viewers
intrigue. Despite this, i dont plan
on having my scenes at the same
length of tarrantinos but the
intended effect would be
effective within the planning of
my film over, stretching this
structure over the span of
multiple scenes
Films that have inspired me-Blade runner 2049
Blade runner 2049 can be seen as the absolute bench mark for how a sci-fi movie should be made, perfecting almost every aspect that should be
focussed on within the genre. The story, the characters, the settings and the world that is created by Deakins is to the standard that every film maker
should strive for because of its unique abilitiy to take you to places emotionall and mentally and immerse you in its atmosphere. Its overlying story its
trying to tell circles round in a bitter-sweet way yet still makes the viewer feel like they have gone through a profound experience that is based on
one simple question, what does it mean to be human? This struggle with ones humanity that was present in the first blade runner is still explored
with the sequel and is honed in on by the main characters arc throughout the duration of the film. We see the story unfold from K’s perspective and
watch him understand what it means to be a replicant from the get-go and the injustice forced upon him for being so. The relatable goal of finding out
who he really is is what the film fundamentally focusses on, battling between what he is programmed to believe, and what he wants to believe. As we
see him overcome these obstacles and mysteries, the emotions he is put through help make the viewer feel like they are next to K, joining him on his
journey. A major critique of both Blade Runner fims are of the pace that the film is ran at, and the how fast the viewer is given information about the
plot. Once you understand that this is critical element of the film, it actually becomes one of the key aspects for the atmosphere to surround the
viewer and help each emotional beat hit harder. The way Blade runner handles overlying theme’s and character arcs is exactly how i plan on
implementing them into my project. Creating a strong atmosphere that emphasises almost every aspect of the film is crucial to my film, and looking
at Blade Runner 2049 as inspiration for one of the best examples of this will benefit my work greatly due to the subtlety of each detail that slowly but
surely builds up to creating one underlying world for the story to stand on. Aspects to research about the film
-Researching this film would prove beneficial to my
project in almost every sense, due to it handling the core
of my film extremely well. Look at characters relations,
their thoughts and emotions perfectly. Taking a deep dive
into the thought process and reasoning behind the
decisions made in Blade runner would gave me a great
insight into the makings of films as a whole due to it
covering many different genres and tones. Understanding
Villeneuve’s approach to the film itself is important but
Deakins’ perspective is just as important, if not more so
for me to get information that is applicable to my project
Films that have inspired me-Scott Pilgrim Vs the
World
Scott Pilgrim Vs the World is a light hearted comedy directed about Edgar wright, except it is more than just a comedy. Like all the other
films i have used as inspiration, scott pilgrim focusses on connecting with the viewer and having an emotional connect to the protagonist.
Edgar wright films typically uses layers to almost hide the underlying themes and emotions that the film is trying to convey, so uncovering
them lets the viewer do the work and fill in the blanks for themselves. The interesting aspect of the movie itself is how it all revolves
around a singular character, and that other characters are merely just represent different flaws within his personality such as his insecurity
or lack of voice he has, failing to make a single decision throughout the entire run time. This goes so deep as to whenever ramona
changes her hair colour, scott also changes his shirt colour to match to show how he relies on other people to make every decision for
him. The main draw for the film itself though, is the life it has within each scene. Its bursting with details and physical gags that make
every scene enjoyable but also meaningful for the plot so it has a purpose for the overall narrative. The interplay between foreplay and
background make the film incredibly visually pleasing, having nods to comments made by characters such as one of ramona's evil exes
punching a hole in the moon for her, meaning that when the full moon is visible in the shot, a hole is also present. These “easter eggs” are
a connection to the graphic novel and video game-esque background that the film is based and provides subtle but entertaining details
that the audience can find. One of the most niche but interesting effects that edgar wright uses within scott pilgrim, is the usage of
typography. The use of text on screen to emphasise certain aspects of the film such as transitions or actions. I like how everything is big
and exaggerated in this film, despite it trying hard to feel grounded. The contrast between these two perspectives lines up perfectly for a
film that connects to viewers on an emotional level, but not too hard as to distract from them from the amazing sound, editing and
structure of the movie itself. I chose this as an inspiration because i love how you can see edgar wrights passion for movies is shown in
each scene and how his own style is used to show his own interpretation of the manga it is based off. I plan on trying to implement this
level of creativity and style to my project which is why i chose Scott Pilgrim Vs the world as an inspiration
-looking at how to do
transitions that dont make
scenes lose momentum
would help my project but
mainly looking at different
ways to use transitions
within a film like mine would
help to experiment within
my practical.
-the use of typography is
something that interests me
greatly due to how unique
of an effect it is but also
because it can be used as
a great way to emphasise a
characters action
-looking at the details and
coloud edgar wright
implemented within the film
would be beneficiel to my
work as learning how to
apply these effects would
help to keep my practical
engaging for the viewer.
Aspects of Scott
Pilgrim to research
My context
I am making the concept of a
psychological thriller that focuses
on psychedelic and mental
aspects of a character. I want to
include as little actors as possible
and have static shots that create
an isolated tone to the film which
leaves an unsettling atmosphere
for the viewer to sit in. the reason
i am basing my project around
this genre is because i believe it
is broad enough for me to
experiment and try to branch out
my skills but also because my
knowledge of certain techniques
and effects in this field is quite
prominent. This is due to my
passion for watching thrillers and
trying to create a world that a
viewer can feel completely
immersed and emotionally
invested in.
My love for cinema came from
my personal interest in being
taken away from the real world,
and being entertained by a
constant source whether it be
gaming or film etc. The
difference with film other any
other entertainment is that
movies feel like journey when
done correctly and can sit with
the viewer long after the final
credits. The sense of
investment you get as a viewer
when you feel the characters
emotions simultaneously to
them creates a bond between
you and the character which is
unmatched by any other form of
media. More importantly,
cinema is a language with no
barriers which anyone can
express themselves in, which is
what intrigues me as i feel that
my raw passion for cinema will
fuel my ambition to become
more skilled within the works of
cinema.
My skills within premiere pro
are very limited due to my
previous projects focussing
almost exclusively on adobe
photoshop. I do not see this as
an issue though as my
knowledge of different
cinematic techniques will mean
that applying them will only
need me to do quick research
and experiments to see how the
application works. The
understanding how Movies
work on a basic level will also
help me to write about the
conept of my own film, because
i understand how films work
fundementally. But above all
else, My willingness and
eagerness to learn more about
film as a whole means i will go
the extra length to make sure i
do my best to create a project
that represents my skills and
my personality.
Despite the confidence and
enthusiasm i have going into
this project, i believe that my
lack of knowledge in
premiere pro will maybe be a
hindrance in my progression
of my practical. Doing work
on premiere pro in my
previous project gave me a
basic understanding on how
comms work and some
beginner level skills for me to
incorporate into the trailer i
am planning on making. My
work ethic could also become
an issue if i become
overwhelmed by the task i set
before me, so creating a
streamline schedule that sets
out a plan for me to follow will
be crucial in making sure i
keep a consistent tempo to
my work ethic.
What do i plan on making for
my project?
Why i have such a
passion for cinema?
What skills i have
going into this
project?
What issues do you
anticipate to be an
issue in this project?
Referencing (1) Martin Scorsese
Martin Scorsese. (2019). Martin Scorsese: I Said Marvel Movies Aren’t Cinema. Let Me Explain.. Available:
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/04/opinion/martin-scorsese-marvel.html. Last accessed 30/01/20.
StudioBinder. (2019). How Martin Scorsese Directs a Movie. Available: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cz0byBTjtEU. Last
accessed 30/01/20.
Audun0905. (2012). Character Analysis of Travis Bickle. Available:
https://www.hltv.org/blog/5319/character-analysis-of-travis-bickle-taxi-driver. Last accessed 30/01/20.
Anonymous. (2020). Martin Scorsese Filmography. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Scorsese_filmography. Last
accessed 30/01/20.
Referencing(2) Christopher Nolan
Anonymous. (2020). Christopher nolan. Available: https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0634240/. Last accessed 30/01/20.
StudioBinder. (2019). How Christopher Nolan Writes and Directs a Movie. Available:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zZJi_78XUVg. Last accessed 30/01/20.
Anonymous. (2014). The psychological and Non-Linear Storyteller. Available:
http://www.cinemablography.org/blog/christopher-nolan-the-psychological-and-non-linear-storyteller. Last accessed 30/01/20.
Nigel Smith. (2015). Christopher Nolan's Memento is being remade – just 15 years after the original. Available:
https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/nov/16/christopher-nolan-memento-remake-just-15-years-after-origina. Last accessed
30/01/20.
Anonymous. (2020). Shepard tone. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard_tone. Last accessed 30/01/20.
Scott Beggs. (2012). ^ filmmaking Tips from Christopher Nolan. Available:
https://filmschoolrejects.com/6-filmmaking-tips-from-christopher-nolan-1af8fd7a75cc/. Last accessed 30/01/20.
Referencing (3) Guy Ritchie
Anonymous. (----). Exposition. Available: https://literarydevices.net/exposition/. Last accessed 30/01/20.
Connor Bruley. (2017). Guy Ritchie's Style. Available: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=quBZZyYbH-w. Last accessed
30/01/20.
Brendon Buthello. (2018). What makes Guy Ritchie movies so different? What makes his screenplay so special?.
Available: https://www.quora.com/What-makes-Guy-Ritchie-movies-so-different-What-makes-his-screenplay-so-special.
Last accessed 30/01/20.
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Fmp theories and practitioners

  • 1. FMP - theories and practitioners Kian Devine
  • 2. Film MakersMartin scorsese is an american film director producer, screenwriter, actor, and film historian. He has made many films such as the irishman, taxi driver and goodfellas which can be seen as character profile films, focussing on individual and the development arc they have through the film. An example of this is Travis bickle in taxi driver and you see travis slowly succumb to his violent tendencies when certain situations dont go his way. The focus on characters and their emotions is intriguing to me and is one of the most difficult aspects of a film to get right as there is no cookie cutter technique to make the audience connect to said character. Scorsese creates an incredibly believable and immersive character with many techniques but one consistent way he does this is by using the roots of the character, the very basis of what it means to be that character. In Goodfellas, a crucial aspect of the connection the characters create with each other is due to scorsese’ understanding of the italian culture, focussing on their food and energy they have with one another. This characterization and flawed nature that is created with the characters heightens emotions that the viewer feels for them, whether it be anger or sympathy etc, because they are seen as a relatable and mirror reflection of viewers. Scorsese’ take on an antagonist is different from most directors as he believes that the antagonist is also human so have negative aspects of their personality and instead of alienating this aspect, he uses the thought that these negative aspects are relatable for viewers and actually explores these personality traits to create a character with multiple layers of emotions, seeing them at their most vulnerable. Due to scorsese’ childhood and the era he was born, he developed a unique sense of movies, of what they were and what they could become. Because of these acquired tastes and expectations, he does not believe marvel films are true cinema. This is because of his personal opinion that films should focus on the people, not the spectacle, going as far to say “I grew up when I did and I developed a sense of movies that was as far from the Marvel universe as we on Earth are from Alpha Centauri”. Aspects of scorsese’s work to research -researching how he handles each characters emotions and displays them on screen physically instead of just verbally. This would be useful as i plan on having a physically isolated character so being able to know how to physically show emotion is vital to creating a deep emotional character -scorsese’s use of characters flaws are handled in a very human way and shown to the viewer with a sense of humanity so the audience see themselves within the antagonist aswell as the protagonist. Understanding how to handle obviously negative personality traits would be beneficial to my work as i also plan on having a character that has an arc that involving their own natural flaws. -i would like to research scorsese’s use of music to understand how it partners with certain scenes and how he invokes emotions to go along with the characters emotions.
  • 3. Film theory-that film is “about characters the complexity of people and their contradictory and sometimes paradoxical natures, the way they can hurt one another and love one another and suddenly come face to face with themselves.” Evidently, most scorsese films focus on characters individually so we can understand multiple aspects of their personality and from different point of views. His previous films such as Raging bull (1980), Shutter Island(2010) and The wolf of Wall Street(2013) all follow this theory and revolve the whole film itself around the concept of it. Scorsese believes that this take on cinema is due to the era he was born and became involved within the film industry, as his friends also started creating films when he did and had a very similar take. Because of this approach to cinema, he has criticised the marvel cinematic universe for its lack of depth and predictability within its stories. He believes that the films take no risk and try to cater to the biggest demographic. Personally i agree that many blockbuster films take the simplest and safest route to cater to the masses. While it is a smart move financially, it means that most films are forgotten about or just used to setup a sequel. Using the duration of the film to focus on the character is a very efficient and thought provoking stance to have when creating a film which intrigues me greatly due to the skill it takes to create a fictional that behaves and has the same personality as the general public. On the other hand, i dont believe that film is exclusively supposed to rely on the characters, but instead should assist and build around the idea to create a living and breathing story for the viewer to immerse themselves in.
  • 4. Film Makers-Christopher nolan Christopher nolan is an english writer-director that has built his way into cinema history using an often nonlinear, cerebral style of storytelling. His previous pieces of work includes Interstellar, Inception and Dunkirk. These three films greatly grasp the style of directing nolan has on a fim, playing with the structure of it and manipulating time to creating many different effects on the viewer. For example, dunkirk uses 4 different perspectives and story arcs to manipulate what the viewer sees and what they anticipate with each sequence. This concept of playing with the viewers knowledge of the story creates a psychedelic essence to his movies and creates an uneasy atmosphere in every single scene. Implemented this structuring technique would help my film create tension and help to solidify the psychological aspect i am trying to create within certain scenes.Nolan creates the suspense and tension in films by creating “a narrative that is a maze or labyrinth” for the character that includes mistakes and wrong turns and taking the viewers on the journey with them. He believes this creates a sense of reality and making each scene have greater emphasis as the viewer feels like they are “at a place that matters”. Taking this approach to time and story requires nolan to have a very mathematical thought process, utilising plenty of planning and diagrams to make sure that the clustered narrative has a sleek overlying story to pair with it. A film that he has done this with predominantly with is Memento (2000) and nolan explained the structure of the film as two connected hair pins that alternate between the two different takes on the scenes. Nolan also has a very unique take on creating tension in scenes, especially when he had to juggle 4 different storylines that were in different stages of their emotional development like in Dunkirk (2017). He does this by using the Shepard tone which a series of ascending notes on a scale that by increasing the volume of different elements within the scale create effect of forever increasing its pitch or “continuously go up like a corkscrew” and when implemented correctly can create a continuing rise in intensity, narratively. Nolan also prioritises making gripping shots that compliment each of the scenes emotions, and to do this he focuses on looking at each shot as a 3 dimensional image and understand where a camera is, why its there and what effect it will have on the viewer by having this angle. Because he doesnt use a monitor on set, he sticks with the camera so he can grasp every aspect of the scene for himself, making sure he can align the audience with the character as close as he can. Overall, christopher nolan creates such intense and atmospheric set pieces within his films that define his characters decisions and motives. The psychedelic aspect of each film he creates creates an open ended flow for the film, leaving plenty of room for viewers to fill in the blanks and almost create the story the want to see, instead of what the expect to see. His style of directing is incredibly inspiring to me and is the reason behind my choice of style of film i plan on making. -when researching christopher nolans films and ideology, it would be interesting to understand why she chose this narrative strucuture, and what he thinks are the unique benefits of doing it in this style. This is so i can understand how to implement the intensity he creates, but without the emotional commitment the viewers have throughout the duration of his films -Finding out how he uses shepards tone is crucial to my film as i believe that it would enhance many powerful scenes i plan on creating for my film - understanding how he efficiently handles chopping up the narrative in a nonlinear way would be efficient also as it would help me to grasp how he creates a strealime story despite it being in a nonlinear order. Aspects of Nolans work to research
  • 5. Film theory-Blending Subjective and Objective Writing is key for a good story “You take an objective approach at times to get you through things, and you take a subjective approach at other times, and that allows you to find an emotional experience for the audience.” is how christopher nolan described his writing style, saying that he takes two different approaches to writing, one on an emotional subject level to reach to the viewer and ground the narrative, but also an objective approach that links each section and set piece. Although complicated to understand at first, it means that he tries looking at his films from two different perspectives, the audience and the creator. Despite most film maker’s doing this, not many do it to the same level of intent as nolan does, basing almost entire stories around the concept of the audience having to piece together the film for themselves and almost decide their own ending. This has been seen in multiple of nolans films such as Interstellar(2014) and Inception(2010) leaving open ended final scenes that creates an almost unfinished structure, but realises it leaves the plot in the audiences hands and allows them to decide their take on what happened. I agree that this works extremely well for the style of thriller films that nolan creates, and i has a very interesting effect on the story telling of a film, both for the audience and for the creator. It also allows more freedom to express the story the creator wants to show as they can create sequences that cater to exactly what they need. Despite this, i believe that films that dont have subjective sections of their can be just as effective as ones that do, but just in a different way as it is not as open ended.
  • 6. Film Makers- Guy Ritchie Guy Stuart Ritchie is an english film director and film producer. He is most well known for his work on Gangster and Spy-esque films such as The Man From U.N.C.L.E(2015), The Gentlemen(2019) and Snatch(2000) which all have a gritty noir-style chutzpah to them, which separates his films from other action directors. Guy’s films focus consistently on the quirky action he creates and the set pieces within them, but also surrounds the interactions within each group of characters that are exaggerated personalities to fit whichever story he is trying to tell. For example, in The Gentlemen (2019) Matthew Mcconaughey plays an Overly self confident drug lord that sells weed underneath Lords’ mansion’s but in every scene you see his personality seep through as he tries to keep control of every variable and to make sure he is the most powerful man in the room, even feeling threatened when someone proclaims to be richer than him as scene in the dining room scene with the prince. While each character has outlandish personalities, Ritchie makes good use of narration and uses the well implemented narration to give the viewer vital information about characters or story. He also implements slow motion multiple times in his films to make sure the viewer notices certain details, such as the destruction of an object or a gunshot. In simple terms, it's all about emphasising a certain interaction between two objects and if a character is involved, it can show the importance of the action towards said character. Ritchie's style of directing is heavily momentum based and is constantly exciting for a viewer to watch due to the extreme detail and character development within such a small amount of time. His use of quick cuts clarifies this. Overall i take a lot of inspiration from ritchie because of how much he can place into the duration of his films, especially because he keeps everything so entertaining and thrilling throughout almost all of the film. But on the other hand, i feel that his films are more shallow and light hearted compared to nolan and scorsese due to the stories he is trying to tell. This means that certain emotions are never present in a film so most characters don't get any development emotionally. Aspects of Ritchie’s work to research -His use of narration and quick cuts are superb and really have a great effect on the narrative of certain sequences, finding out how he does them so well, even though they sometimes feel clunky, would give me some alternatives to use within my film to liven up certain scenes. -I would like to find out how he keeps so much energy within his scenes yet still has enough momentum to create a satisfying climax -Despite guy ritchie films having a very light hearted tone with lots of intensity and action, the open credits serve a very good purpose of introducing the audience to the tone and shape of the film that i would like to investigate and see if i can take any inspiration for my trailer
  • 7. Film makers Roger deakins is a english cinematographer that has worked on films such as blade runner 2049 and No Country For Old Men. he likes to work with the same directors on films such as the coen brothers, Sam Mendes, and Denis Villeneuve. Despite his work on multiple critically acclaimed films, he has only ever won 1 oscar for best cinematographer which was for Blade Runner. Aswell as this being my personal favourite piece of work for Deakins, i also believe it is his best and sets the benchmark for Sci-fi films because of its incredible world building and immersive atmosphere it creates. Part of his ideology that helps this world take great shape is due to him believing that films dont have to be naturalistic and depict the world “exactly the life is”, it's all about creating a world that the audience believes in and hangs together for the duration of the film. For example, Light was an important aspect within Blade Runner 2049 for Deakins, especially within K’s apartment, and for the hologram merge scene a blue screen would have been used but Deakins didnt like the effect it had on the light. Instead of using a blue screen, he used a more practical approach and did two different shoots of both characters within the exact same setting and then Roto on out of the background. He believed that this gave the effect a more practical appearance and that computer generated effects would have made that scene a “disaster” as the story element of this scene was to make the merge seem as “real” and human as possible. This dedication to such a small aspect of the film is what makes Deakins’ films have such polish and have such a grip on the viewer as it gives him such control over every aspect of the film both narratively and physically. Deakins’ preference for physical effects is boiled down to how it looks for the audience, as his opinion on CG effects are that they are obvious to the viewer and ruined the immersion that cinematographers try to so hard to create. The reason Deakins’ is such an inspiration to me is because of his pure passion for creating a world to go along with the story, especially when it comes to how he handles the obstacles that are thrown at him. Whether it be acquiring a prototype ARRI ALEXA MINI LF camera, waiting for the exact weather conditions for multiple scenes or even not doubling over on the trenches so it wouldnt look generic, 1917 is a perfect example of how a film maker should handles issue’s in production. I plan on taking this same mindset and approach to creating my film, taking the extra effort and care and making every scene important to create a film that never drops its quality. Aspects of Deakins work to Research -An aspect of his work that i would be interested in, is how he handled working with light in blade runner due to it having such a strong effect on the atmosphere within the film. This would help me to understand how i can use light in my films to show certain emotions that i am trying to portray -Researching deakins use of colour would also help me to understand how to implement it into my work, as i would try and create a similar atmosphere -Finding out what the effects of his lighting techniques would give me an insight into if lighting is an important aspect of my film, and if it is something i need to research and prepare for since it is an area my knowledge and expertise is lacking in.
  • 8. His Film theory-”computer effects can make scenes look like a disaster, practical effects make scene more “real”” Deakins’ has a very practical approach to most of his settings, and tries to make it seem as realistic as possible. With CG certain imperfections are ironed out and create an almost perfect lighting composition that is rarely seen in a real life setting. With this in mind, Deakins’ likes to have control over almost all aspects of lighting within a shot, going so far as deciding which lamp shades are used. He has a constant influence on the production designer to make sure his lighting style is considered when designing sets to motive his lighting and create a design element in many of his scenes. His attention to detail is the cause of these decisions within the lighting, this is seen when he creates a vermeer look through windows by bouncing HMIS onto them. Another example of him using practical lighting effects to wrap light and create the contrast ratio he wants is to different fixtures and contrasting intensities that are organised in a line behind diffusion. This creates an extremely realistic lighting effect but also helps him to have control over the focus of the lighting so can place it on interest points within the shot. Due to my disapproval of modern blockbuster films and their reliance of CGI, i completely agree on Deakins’ opinion on certain aspects of CG especially due to how it implemented in films. The best use of CGI in my opinion is when used in partnership with practical effects, not in place of. Researching this theory and understanding his approach to this thought process will also help with my project due to my lack of technology and budget, so practical effects are a must when trying to creating settings.
  • 9. Films that have inspired me-Kill Bill (Part 1 & 2) Kill Bill is one of the most coveted cult classic films to date due to its intriguing set pieces and characters, slowly unfolding its story to the viewer throughout each scene. Different plots curve in on themselves, giving you false information and subverting your expectations, but in a positive and interesting way. Because of his approach to scene length, keeping the viewer interested and invested is often difficult due to being in the same setting and with the same characters, but because of Tarantino's character dynamic exploration within said scenes, it means that no aspect of the scene is overlooked and is worth the viewers investment. The keys to his success in these scenes are due to 3 simple attributes High stakes,Structure and Anecdotes. The perfect example of this is the climax of the films, The Bride meeting Bill. We see the bride go through multiple grueling tasks to find bill and the intensity of the scene clarifies what's at stake here, life and death. The fluctuation of who controls the scene also shows the structure of the scene. We see the narrative swaps from the brides to bills and it explains each of their intents. After Bills violent outbursts, it relaxes the viewer as the atmosphere is cut off and the audience focuses more on the dialogue, especially bills superman monologue which wraps up into the final section of the scenes structure. The emotional section. Before this were the physical and intellectual sections, but the emotional aspect is crucial to films story and character development so need to come at the very pinnacle of the scene, after all the buildup. Throughout all the scenes that feature within tarantino films, he uses plenty of anecdotes to fill in character development and link the characters together which add humour and suspense but also serve to add even more depth to the characters development. Kill bill doesn't have the same tone or isn't even the same genre of film as the film i plan on creating, but the fundamentals of a good movie are mastered within it and that can be applied to almost all films. Aspects to Research within Kill Bill -Taking a closer look at the bride’s arch throughout the film would be interesting and seeing what causes within her character as understanding how to gradually show a change in a character would be applicable to my film due to it being a psychological thriller -An interesting aspect to take from Kill Bill is how to structure a scene with purpose, as it is an effective way to keep the viewers intrigue. Despite this, i dont plan on having my scenes at the same length of tarrantinos but the intended effect would be effective within the planning of my film over, stretching this structure over the span of multiple scenes
  • 10. Films that have inspired me-Blade runner 2049 Blade runner 2049 can be seen as the absolute bench mark for how a sci-fi movie should be made, perfecting almost every aspect that should be focussed on within the genre. The story, the characters, the settings and the world that is created by Deakins is to the standard that every film maker should strive for because of its unique abilitiy to take you to places emotionall and mentally and immerse you in its atmosphere. Its overlying story its trying to tell circles round in a bitter-sweet way yet still makes the viewer feel like they have gone through a profound experience that is based on one simple question, what does it mean to be human? This struggle with ones humanity that was present in the first blade runner is still explored with the sequel and is honed in on by the main characters arc throughout the duration of the film. We see the story unfold from K’s perspective and watch him understand what it means to be a replicant from the get-go and the injustice forced upon him for being so. The relatable goal of finding out who he really is is what the film fundamentally focusses on, battling between what he is programmed to believe, and what he wants to believe. As we see him overcome these obstacles and mysteries, the emotions he is put through help make the viewer feel like they are next to K, joining him on his journey. A major critique of both Blade Runner fims are of the pace that the film is ran at, and the how fast the viewer is given information about the plot. Once you understand that this is critical element of the film, it actually becomes one of the key aspects for the atmosphere to surround the viewer and help each emotional beat hit harder. The way Blade runner handles overlying theme’s and character arcs is exactly how i plan on implementing them into my project. Creating a strong atmosphere that emphasises almost every aspect of the film is crucial to my film, and looking at Blade Runner 2049 as inspiration for one of the best examples of this will benefit my work greatly due to the subtlety of each detail that slowly but surely builds up to creating one underlying world for the story to stand on. Aspects to research about the film -Researching this film would prove beneficial to my project in almost every sense, due to it handling the core of my film extremely well. Look at characters relations, their thoughts and emotions perfectly. Taking a deep dive into the thought process and reasoning behind the decisions made in Blade runner would gave me a great insight into the makings of films as a whole due to it covering many different genres and tones. Understanding Villeneuve’s approach to the film itself is important but Deakins’ perspective is just as important, if not more so for me to get information that is applicable to my project
  • 11. Films that have inspired me-Scott Pilgrim Vs the World Scott Pilgrim Vs the World is a light hearted comedy directed about Edgar wright, except it is more than just a comedy. Like all the other films i have used as inspiration, scott pilgrim focusses on connecting with the viewer and having an emotional connect to the protagonist. Edgar wright films typically uses layers to almost hide the underlying themes and emotions that the film is trying to convey, so uncovering them lets the viewer do the work and fill in the blanks for themselves. The interesting aspect of the movie itself is how it all revolves around a singular character, and that other characters are merely just represent different flaws within his personality such as his insecurity or lack of voice he has, failing to make a single decision throughout the entire run time. This goes so deep as to whenever ramona changes her hair colour, scott also changes his shirt colour to match to show how he relies on other people to make every decision for him. The main draw for the film itself though, is the life it has within each scene. Its bursting with details and physical gags that make every scene enjoyable but also meaningful for the plot so it has a purpose for the overall narrative. The interplay between foreplay and background make the film incredibly visually pleasing, having nods to comments made by characters such as one of ramona's evil exes punching a hole in the moon for her, meaning that when the full moon is visible in the shot, a hole is also present. These “easter eggs” are a connection to the graphic novel and video game-esque background that the film is based and provides subtle but entertaining details that the audience can find. One of the most niche but interesting effects that edgar wright uses within scott pilgrim, is the usage of typography. The use of text on screen to emphasise certain aspects of the film such as transitions or actions. I like how everything is big and exaggerated in this film, despite it trying hard to feel grounded. The contrast between these two perspectives lines up perfectly for a film that connects to viewers on an emotional level, but not too hard as to distract from them from the amazing sound, editing and structure of the movie itself. I chose this as an inspiration because i love how you can see edgar wrights passion for movies is shown in each scene and how his own style is used to show his own interpretation of the manga it is based off. I plan on trying to implement this level of creativity and style to my project which is why i chose Scott Pilgrim Vs the world as an inspiration -looking at how to do transitions that dont make scenes lose momentum would help my project but mainly looking at different ways to use transitions within a film like mine would help to experiment within my practical. -the use of typography is something that interests me greatly due to how unique of an effect it is but also because it can be used as a great way to emphasise a characters action -looking at the details and coloud edgar wright implemented within the film would be beneficiel to my work as learning how to apply these effects would help to keep my practical engaging for the viewer. Aspects of Scott Pilgrim to research
  • 12. My context I am making the concept of a psychological thriller that focuses on psychedelic and mental aspects of a character. I want to include as little actors as possible and have static shots that create an isolated tone to the film which leaves an unsettling atmosphere for the viewer to sit in. the reason i am basing my project around this genre is because i believe it is broad enough for me to experiment and try to branch out my skills but also because my knowledge of certain techniques and effects in this field is quite prominent. This is due to my passion for watching thrillers and trying to create a world that a viewer can feel completely immersed and emotionally invested in. My love for cinema came from my personal interest in being taken away from the real world, and being entertained by a constant source whether it be gaming or film etc. The difference with film other any other entertainment is that movies feel like journey when done correctly and can sit with the viewer long after the final credits. The sense of investment you get as a viewer when you feel the characters emotions simultaneously to them creates a bond between you and the character which is unmatched by any other form of media. More importantly, cinema is a language with no barriers which anyone can express themselves in, which is what intrigues me as i feel that my raw passion for cinema will fuel my ambition to become more skilled within the works of cinema. My skills within premiere pro are very limited due to my previous projects focussing almost exclusively on adobe photoshop. I do not see this as an issue though as my knowledge of different cinematic techniques will mean that applying them will only need me to do quick research and experiments to see how the application works. The understanding how Movies work on a basic level will also help me to write about the conept of my own film, because i understand how films work fundementally. But above all else, My willingness and eagerness to learn more about film as a whole means i will go the extra length to make sure i do my best to create a project that represents my skills and my personality. Despite the confidence and enthusiasm i have going into this project, i believe that my lack of knowledge in premiere pro will maybe be a hindrance in my progression of my practical. Doing work on premiere pro in my previous project gave me a basic understanding on how comms work and some beginner level skills for me to incorporate into the trailer i am planning on making. My work ethic could also become an issue if i become overwhelmed by the task i set before me, so creating a streamline schedule that sets out a plan for me to follow will be crucial in making sure i keep a consistent tempo to my work ethic. What do i plan on making for my project? Why i have such a passion for cinema? What skills i have going into this project? What issues do you anticipate to be an issue in this project?
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