Science With Bees. Authors: Princing, McKenna Source: Bee Culture. Nov2013, Vol. 141 Issue 11, p35-35. 1p. Document Type: Article Subject Terms: *RESEARCHHONEYBEE -- Diseases -- PreventionHONEYBEECOLONYcollapsedisorder of honeybees -- Risk factorsWORKER honeybees Company/Entity: UNIVERSITY of Washington Abstract: The article offers information on a study conducted by researchers of University of Washington (UW) on the reasons behind large die-offs of honey bees. It informs that colonycollapsedisorder (CCD) due to chemical use, mites, and unsustainable beekeeping practices, are responsible for vanishing of workers bees from the hive. It also informs about carbon filtration method used by UW researchers to extract pesticides from beeswax. ISSN: 1071-3190 Accession Number: 91720751 Society in a Box. Authors: Aciman, AlexanderJones, Heather Source: Time. 8/19/2013, Vol. 182 Issue 8, p28. 1p. 2 Color Photographs. Document Type: Article Subject Terms: *RESEARCHHONEYBEEBEEHIVESBEE cultureHONEY, CombANIMAL communication NAICS/Industry Codes: 112910 Apiculture Abstract: The article presents an analysis of the anatomy of the honeybee and its communication habits and life during concerns over colonycollapsedisorder (CCD) in 2013. Topics include a discussion of the bee's anatomical features including the mandible, the sting, and its two sets of wings, an exploration of the hierarchy of the hive, and an explanation for the honeybee's communicative dances. Full Text Word Count: 830 ISSN: 0040-781X Accession Number: 89629784 Publisher Logo: Translate Full Text: HTML Full Text Society in a Box  A honeybee's life, death and world Humans have been keeping honeybees for thousands of years, yet the insects still manage to surprise us. Lost in the debate over what is causing the death of bees is how intricately complex their lives are, from the tiniest brood to the virgin queen. After all, what other invertebrate communicates by dance? THE ANATOMY Things you may not know about Apis mellifera ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE A charge on the bee's hair attracts pollen. THE PROBOSCIS The airtight, strawlike tube sucks up nectar and also works in reverse to feed offspring from a honey stomach. MANDIBLE The jaws help bite and pack pollen as well as shape wax for building honeycomb. EYES Bees have five of them--two large compound eyes and three ocelli used to detect light intensity. A worker's eyes have nearly 7,000 lenses. WING HOOKS Hooks enable the bee to attach one of each set of wings together during flight for maximum efficiency. LEGS Brushes scrape pollen from front to back, where it collects in the pollen basket, a sac attached to the rear leg. WAX PLATES Bees secrete wax beneath plates on their abdomen and use it to build honeycomb. WINGS A bee has two sets of wings. Rapid flapping generates warmth and evaporates water from nectar to make honey. HONEY STOMACH A second reservoir where nectar is temporarily stored before being regurgitated. STING When a bee stings, .

1. Science With Bees.
Authors:
Princing, McKenna
Source:
Bee Culture. Nov2013, Vol. 141 Issue 11, p35-35. 1p.
Document Type:
Article
Subject Terms:
*RESEARCHHONEYBEE -- Diseases --
PreventionHONEYBEECOLONYcollapsedisorder of honeybees
-- Risk factorsWORKER honeybees
Company/Entity:
UNIVERSITY of Washington
Abstract:
The article offers information on a study conducted by
researchers of University of Washington (UW) on the reasons
behind large die-offs of honey bees. It informs that
colonycollapsedisorder (CCD) due to chemical use, mites, and
unsustainable beekeeping practices, are responsible for
vanishing of workers bees from the hive. It also informs about
carbon filtration method used by UW researchers to extract
pesticides from beeswax.
ISSN:
1071-3190
Accession Number:
91720751
Society in a Box.
Authors:
Aciman, AlexanderJones, Heather
Source:
Time. 8/19/2013, Vol. 182 Issue 8, p28. 1p. 2 Color
Photographs.
Document Type:

2. Article
Subject Terms:
*RESEARCHHONEYBEEBEEHIVESBEE cultureHONEY,
CombANIMAL communication
NAICS/Industry Codes:
112910 Apiculture
Abstract:
The article presents an analysis of the anatomy of the honeybee
and its communication habits and life during concerns over
colonycollapsedisorder (CCD) in 2013. Topics include a
discussion of the bee's anatomical features including the
mandible, the sting, and its two sets of wings, an exploration of
the hierarchy of the hive, and an explanation for the honeybee's
communicative dances.
Full Text Word Count:
830
ISSN:
0040-781X
Accession Number:
89629784
Publisher Logo:
Translate Full Text:
HTML Full Text
Society in a Box
A honeybee's life, death and world
Humans have been keeping honeybees for thousands of years,
yet the insects still manage to surprise us. Lost in the debate
over what is causing the death of bees is how intricately
complex their lives are, from the tiniest brood to the virgin
queen. After all, what other invertebrate communicates by
dance?
THE ANATOMY
Things you may not know about Apis mellifera
ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE

3. A charge on the bee's hair attracts pollen.
THE PROBOSCIS
The airtight, strawlike tube sucks up nectar and also works in
reverse to feed offspring from a honey stomach.
MANDIBLE
The jaws help bite and pack pollen as well as shape wax for
building honeycomb.
EYES
Bees have five of them--two large compound eyes and three
ocelli used to detect light intensity. A worker's eyes have nearly
7,000 lenses.
WING HOOKS
Hooks enable the bee to attach one of each set of wings together
during flight for maximum efficiency.
LEGS
Brushes scrape pollen from front to back, where it collects in
the pollen basket, a sac attached to the rear leg.
WAX PLATES
Bees secrete wax beneath plates on their abdomen and use it to
build honeycomb.
WINGS
A bee has two sets of wings. Rapid flapping generates warmth
and evaporates water from nectar to make honey.
HONEY STOMACH
A second reservoir where nectar is temporarily stored before
being regurgitated.
STING
When a bee stings, a barb prevents the stinger from being pulled
out; the bee then tears its abdomen while freeing itself before
dying.
VENOM
The unique mixture of chemicals that causes a sting to hurt may
play a role in stopping the spread of HIV, which venom has
been shown to destroy.
• The oldest known honeybee specimen dates from 100 million
years ago.

4. • The 17th century naturalist Jan Swammerdam discovered that
the king bee had ovaries and was, in fact, a queen.
• In 1923 scientist Rudolf Steiner predicted that within 100
years artificial cultivation of honeybees would have severe
consequences on the bee population.
THE BASICS
Actual size, 0.4--0.6 in. (5--15 mm)
DUTIES
WORKER
Construction, storage, keeping the nursery, guarding,
caretaking, scouting and foraging.
DRONE
Mates with a virgin queen in midair. Can fly backward, rotate
and flip.
QUEEN
Lays up to 1,500 eggs a day, possibly more. Secretes
pheromones to control workers.
LIFE SPAN
20--30 days
Dies after mating
3--7 years
THE BREEDS
There are 20,000 species of bees worldwide, but only six main
types are kept commercially:
ITALIAN
RUSSIAN
CARNIOLAN
CAUCASIAN
GERMAN
BUCKFAST
1/12 TEASPOON
Amount of honey a worker bee will produce during its short life
$15 billion
Estimated annual amount by which bee pollination increases
crop value
In a single trip, a worker bee can visit up to 100 flowers and

5. carry more than half its weight in pollen
In order to produce 1 lb. (0.4 kg) of honey, hive workers fly a
collective 55,000 miles (89,000 km)
and tap 2,000,000 flowers
THE HIVE
A colony typically comprises 20,000 to 30,000 bees. Although it
has long been believed that bees hibernate in the winter, the
colony creates a winter ecosystem inside the hive and lives off
honey, with the bees maintaining warmth by working their
wings. Middle-aged worker bees build by attaching each comb
to the walls of the hive--a process that often requires more than
2 lb. (1 kg) of wax.
THE DANCE
When a scout worker has successfully located food, it alerts its
fellow foragers about the food's location with a series of dance
moves. Through the number of turns, the duration of the dance
and the moves themselves, the scout can communicate the
distance to the food, the angle of the food to the sun and
whether it is near or far.
SUN
The scout dances in a figure-eight shape to tell other workers to
fly toward the sun. The number of dance patterns in a given
time indicates distance.
SUN
The angle at which the scout dances gives the angle of the food
source relative to the hive and the sun.
FOOD
HIVE
NEARBY ROUND DANCE
60°
FOOD
HIVE
THE FUTURE
THE ROBOBEE
Harvard's School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
conducted the first successful flight of a life-size robotic fly in

6. 2007. The lab has received $10 million in grant money from the
National Science Foundation to build a network of autonomous
artificial bees.
ARTIFICIAL MUSCLES CAN BEAT WINGS 120 TIMES PER
SECOND
AIRFOILS ROTATE INDEPENDENTLY
WEIGHS 80 MG
APPLICATIONS
• SEARCH AND RESCUE
• ARTIFICIAL POLLINATION
• COVERT SURVEILLANCE
• HIGH-RESOLUTION WEATHER AND CLIMATE MAPPING
• TRAFFIC MONITORING
Sources: Washington University School of Medicine; PBS;
USDA; Roger A. Morse and Nicholas W. Calderone, Cornell
University; Bee/Rose-Lynn Fisher; National Geographic;
Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences;
Encyclopaedia Britannica; Bees/Lectures by Rudolf Steiner;
North Carolina State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences;
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
PHOTO (COLOR)
PHOTO (COLOR)
~~~~~~~~
By Alexander Aciman and Heather Jones
Copyright © Time Inc., 2013. All rights reserved. No part of
this material may be duplicated or redisseminated without
permission.
The Humble Bumble Bee.
Authors:
Brownlee, Ken
Source:
Claims. Jul2013, Vol. 61 Issue 7, p30-29. 4p.
Document Type:
Article
Subject Terms:

7. *INSURANCE adjustersBEES --
ReproductionCOLONYcollapsedisorder of
honeybeesBEEHIVESLIVESTOCK insuranceAGRICULTURAL
insurance
NAICS/Industry Codes:
112910 Apiculture
524291 Claims Adjusting
524126 Direct Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers
524129 Other direct insurance (except life, health and medical)
carriers
Abstract:
The article discusses the value of bees and how a
colonycollapsedisorder "CCD" or when the bees fail to return to
the hives is considered as a major disaster in the making by
Washington. It points out that bees are needed to pollinate
hundreds of crops and beekeepers need some form of
agricultural livestock insurance to cover their losses. It
indicates that in handling a livestock or crop claim, adjusters
must have a good scientific and investigative mind.
ISSN:
0895-7991
Accession Number:
88841015
Question 1
In the wake of September 11, 2001 and years to come, discuss
the potential threats to the U.S. public
health, and safety from a toxicological standpoint. Discuss how
your life has changed since this event, if at
all, and whether you feel that we are now more or less prepared
to manage these potential toxicological
threats

8. Question 2
Discuss and differentiate between sub chronic toxicity testing
and chronic toxicity testing.
Question 3
Discuss how you perceive "risk." What toxicological risks do
we experience in our daily lives, sometimes
without recognition? What are some behaviors that can result in
increased risk and how can we take
steps to avoid them?
Each Question must be answered with at least 200 words in
length. You are required to use at least your textbook
as source material for your response. All sources used,
including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased
and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Case Study
Background and Instructions:
In recent years, honeybee colonies have been experiencing
“Colony Collapse Disorder” (CCD). Given the key role of
honeybees in pollinating our agricultural crops, it has become a
serious issue. Many causes for the collapse of
honeybee colonies are currently being investigated.
The potential causes include viruses, parasites, urban sprawl,
pesticides, and other environmental pollutants.
Examine the phenomenon of CCD from a toxicological
standpoint by researching three groups of chemicals that
are being investigated as potential contributors to CCD:
Antibiotics, miticides, and neonicotinoid pesticides.

9. The assigned Case Study for this course deals with the
phenomena of “Colony Collapse Disorder” in honeybee
populations, and should include the following components:
to the Case Study.
ns and your own opinions
on the potential causes for the phenomena.
Write a 4-5 page analysis (double spaced, 12 pt. type) of the
potential causes listed above, and then discuss your
opinion regarding which, if any, is the most likely cause. If you
do not believe any of these chemicals are
contributing to CCD, provide a brief discussion about what you
believe to be the cause.
Be sure to provide both in-text references as well as the full
citations in APA format at the end of your analysis.
Include a cover page and brief abstract for your analysis (these
pages are not to be included in the total 4-5 page
requirement). The Case Study assignment must follow APA
style guidelines, therefore the APA rules for
formatting, quoting, paraphrasing, citing, and listing of sources
are to be followed.