Historicism In The Masque Of The Red Death

Historicism In The Masque Of The Red Death
Historicism of The Masque of the Red Death.
Edgar Allen Poe 1842`s story " The Masque of the Red Death" reveals Poe`s historic side with a dark shadow that covers the original story and events.
Edgar Allen poe uses historicism throughout his writings that has some sort of historic past to them at the time or before his time.
The story's plot infers that a plague is sweeping throughout the country much like the black plague but just more red. The Black plague in Europe
devastated ages as Poe writes about in the "Masque of the Red Death" much like the plague, some people thought that they could out live the plague
and just wait it out like high nobles that lived in castles. The Black Plague prevailed across European countries within a short ... Show more content on
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"The Masque of the Red Death" has a post 1400`s Italian view to it like "The Cask of Amontillado" the events are very similar to how they are
written the time they were released were around the same period of time. In both short stories someone dies or we assume they die like Fortunato
in "the Cask of Amontillado" also most of the characters that Poe names has a ironic and foreshadowing naming to them like Fortunato,Prince
Prospero,Montresor,etc... every name has a meaning or historic purpose to it that infers the ending of the story or close to it or has an opposite
meaning to it like Fortunato. Another fortune Poe writes is the symbolism of inanimate items like his famous poem that everyone think is amazing
but is not "The Raven" the raven has a indian myth that brings death it's not an inanimate object but its the closes thing I could come up with, in
"The Masque of the Red Death" the rooms that are mentioned have all meanings to them also a foreshadowing thing, when Prospero is being chased
by fortune also known as the red death he runs through the stages of life or symbolic stages of life and like life death always chases and then the
room that is black and red comes meaning death so he dies. Poe stories all run
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вЂњThe Salt of the EarthвЂќ: Feminism and New Historicism in...
Feminism and Historicism play a major part in Flannery O'Connor's short story, "Good Country People", first published in 1955. The story focuses on
the importance of identity and the parallels between truth and deception. In "Good Country People", the Hopewell family, maintain a small farm in
rural Georgia with the help of tenants the Freemans. The pious Mrs. Hopewell's mottos 'nothing is perfect' and 'it takes all kinds to make the world' are
manifested in her unmarried thirty–two year old daughter, Joy who later changes her name to Hulga, wears a prosthetic wooden leg because of a
childhood accident. Hulga who has a Ph.D. in Philosophy, cannot advance her academic aspirations because of a weak heart; because of this she must
live in her... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Smith's article notes that they, all of O'Connor's female characters, deserve sympathy because: "they're all faced with an impossible task in having to
synthesize aspects of both gender roles in order to maintain their livelihoods" (Smith 35). The family farm despite the absent economic power of a male
character leads the Hopewell women to assume all the open roles while simultaneously maintaining their femininity (Smith 36); they must assume a
dual task by acting male in public but privately preserving their womanhood. These gender roles, however, cannot be fully explained without looking at
the relationship between mother and daughter; despite their common sex, their relationship is seen as a disturbing force where mother and daughter are
at often at odds with each other.
Mrs. Hopewell is a hard working widow who assumes the male role by being the primary care–giver and supporter to her special needs daughter.
Hulga, despite her independence streak is determined to make a life on her own; she gives almost a reversed protest against her mother despite the
care she receives. Her education does not lead her to live a more successful life, she fails to live up to her mother's example and expectation that
Hulga's sisters, Glynese and Carramae, have already successfully copied. O'Connor writes that "Glynese, a redhead, was eighteen and had many
admirers; Carramae, a blonde, was only fifteen but

Historicism In Macbeth Essay
Authors and playwrights are often influenced by the constantly evolving society and culture around them. William Shakespeare is no exception. Being
born during the Elizabethan era, Shakespeare grew up during the pinnacle of the English Renaissance and was exposed to the heightened flourish of
new types of English art, literature, music, and theatre. Under Elizabeth I, English theatre became oriented towards the upper classes despite all the
social classes saw the same play, they even included costume color–coding that reflected the social class of the characters. Shakespeare's theatrical style
developed during this era and when King James I became king, his style was again greatly influenced. Some of Shakespeare's most prominent plays
were written during this time and they remain well known in the literary community. In particular, his playMacbeth is widely discussed because it
brings a wide array of questions with it including: What is Shakespeare trying to say about the political climate during his time and why? By reading
Shakespeare's Macbeth with a New Historicism criticism, the question can be explored and answered.
New Historicism criticism considers the time period in which the work was written in but not in the traditional sense. According to Lois Tyson in his
guide on literary theory, traditional historians ask questions like "What happened during this time?" or "What do these events tell us about history?" On
the other hand, new historicists ask more insightful

Use Of New Historicism In The Awakening
The New Historicism is a way of criticizing literary works through the use of examining political, social, and economic factors through the works
historical context. Margit Stange uses New Historicism to analyze and criticize "The Awakening" by Kate Chopin using Elizabeth Cady Stanton and
her work done with women's rights ,while showing Edna's quest for self–ownership throughout "The Awakening". Stange says that a women's right
over her body was one of the earliest rights women obtained. This means that women had the right to refuse sexual acts of their husband in order to
avoid pregnancy. Procreation was a large factor in a women's market value and thus allowing a women to control this aspect of her life, if
contraception is not available,

New Historicism And New Historicism
New Historicism, the American branch of Cultural Poetics, was coined in 1982 by Stephen Greenblatt along with many other scholars believe that
one's culture permeates both texts and critics. Because all of society is inextricably interwoven with the culture of the time in which the texts are
produced. So each critic will formulate a unique interpretation for any given text. (Bressler, pp.188)
To put it bluntly, New Historicism considers works of literature as historical texts and joins the study of literature andhistory together primarily to
observe how they influence each other. New Historicism suggests a subjective approach to literature and was practiced mostly in Renaissance studies.
According to new historicism, identity is fashioned by social institutions. Literature is another form of social construct, which is produced by the
society and in return is active in reshaping the culture of that society. Literature is a cultural creation constructed by more than one consciousness.
Therefore, social, political, religious, and economic factors of a given society determine the literature it produces. These elements circulate in society
through "social energy," which is encoded in the works of art, which trespasses its historicity and becomes the means to represent the ideology of the
culture through resonant texts. New Historicism ventures this through its suggestion of historicity of texts and textuality of history.
This theory has been most useful to the discipline

Historicism In The Scarlet Letter
Historicism Essay The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne is an 1850's novel of historical fiction that tells the story of Hester Prynne and the
decision she made to commit adultery leading to the birth of her daughter, Pearl, and the social shame she faced by being branded with the letter 'A'.
Sin should be a private affair, not a public spectacle. Hester Prynne, the main character of this story and the committer of adultery, is faced with
public shame due to her sin of sleeping with a man that is not her husband. The community she lives in brands her with the letter 'A' to wear as a sign
of this sin and does not even view the banding as enough of a punishment. As the story progresses they come to terms with Hester's actions and begin
to accept her again due to her constant helpfulness and her caring persona, shown when she sews for the needy (Hawthorne). "The letter was the
symbol of her calling. Such helpfulness was found in her, –so much power to do, and power to sympathize, –that many people refused to interpret the
scarlet A by its original signification. They said that it meant Able; so strong was Hester Prynne, with a woman's strength (Hawthorne,... Show more
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All along Dimmesdale felt the blameworthiness for the sin and instead of being publicly persecuted, as Hester was, he persecuted himself internally.
Dimmesdale did not get to raise his daughter, Pearl, and was eaten alive by the guilt of the sin and ends up dying of an illness as a result (Hawthorne).
The sin that he committed was publicly acknowledged at the end of the story as he stands upon the scaffold and reveals his sin to the people of the
Massachusetts

New Historicist Study of Demon Lover Essay example
This paper takes two steps to have a brief view on The Demon Lover, from New Historicist point of view.
The first step, represents three methodologies which are necessary in which unlocking the text according to New Historicism. The second step
develops each methodology with reference to the text of the work and depicts different views in this regard.
Since New Historicists view an aesthetic work as a social production, a text's meaning resides for them in the cultural system, composed of the Demon
Lover from New Historicist point of view, three area of concern should be investigated: (1) Elizabeth Bowen's life; (2) the social rules and dictates
within the text; and (3) the reflection of this work's historical ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bowen shapes her hatred of the war in the stultifying dictions of the work, not only twentieth century war but all period of the time as well.
Now to move to the second field on the basis of social rules and dictates within the text, we should elucidate morbid culture of the society with
reference to the opening text in which Mrs. Drover visits her house in the shell–shocked England of the Second World War. This is an example of social
atmosphere:
Against the next batch of clouds, already piling up ink–
dark, broken chimneys and parapets stood out. In her
once familiar street, as in any unused channel, and
unfamiliar queerness had silted up; a cat moved itself
and out of railing, but no humane eye watched Mrs.
Drover `s return. Shifting some parcels under her arm,
she slowly forced round her latchkey in an unwilling

lock, then gave the door, which had warped, push with
her knee. Dead air came out to meet her as she went
in.
The atmosphere of this exposition is clearly foreboding: "the dark clouds, broken chimneys, unused street, solitary cat, and dead air" all prove
ominous and reflect the sordid ruling mood. Failed culture and solitary of aimless women ("a cat moved itself in and out of railing") not knowing
exactly what to do about their predicaments in which

New Historicism In To Kill A Mockingbird
New historicism relates a text to the historical and cultural contexts of the period in which it was set. The period or time of the setting is deeply
analyzed though the historicism lens which is subject to interpretation and reinterpretation depending on the power and structure of society during that
period. Harper Lee's "To kill a mockingbird" is a perfect story that can be viewed from a historicism lens. The story of" To Kill a Mockingbird" is set
in the community of Maycomb in Alabama, Where the little town is gripped by the Jim Crow laws and prejudice against blacks. This wasn't an
uncommon situation during the 1930s especially down south where the whole story takes place. The south was a place with deep embedded
agricultural traditions and was also hit the hardest during the great depression it's also the time frame in which Lee's novel was set. Small farmers like
Lee's Walter Cunningham Sr. would often not make enough money to pay their mortgages and afford a comfortable living. The main character is a
young girl called scout that lives with her semi anti–racist family. Her father is an attorney that on occasion defends blacks. The whole story is told
form naГЇve and innocent view. Despite being published in 1960s when times were very turbulent when it came to civil rights. Harper Lees story
quickly gained ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He was hardworking man that never tried to hurt anyone but unfortunately he was there at the wrong time and was wrongfully accused of something
he never did. The only reason that he was targeted was because of his skin color. Unfortunately, as a mockingbird that he seems to represent in the
novel, Tom was killed. In a twisted fate of event tom is killed trying to hop over a fence much like a mockingbird trying to escape and fly

Annotated Bibliography Of The New Historicism
Bibliography Assemble for New Historicism New historicism was born in the end of 1970s. It is one of the most important theories of literary criticism.
It is different from the old historicism. New historicism stressed that the implementation of a comprehensive reading of texts from political power,
ideology, cultural hegemony perspectives, formalism. Its research focuses on literature and life, literature and history, literature and power discourse.
The New historicism breaks the kind of wordplay deconstruction strategy, making the recovery of historical consciousness becomes an important
methodological principles of literary criticism and literary studies. Some scholars hold the view that the new historicism is sure to permeate in all the
fields of literature. Main animateurs of new historicism are Stephen Greenblatt and Hayden White. Stephen Greenblatt attached importance to research
the self–shaping of renaissance. He regarded literature as the history of reshaping human's heart. He tended to create cultural poetics of historical
context. Hayden White engaged in the history of consciousness in 19th century. He advocated the narrative historical poetic theory. The concept of
Cultural Poeticswas put forward clearlyby Greenblatt in "TOWARDS A Cultural Poetics". New historicism cultural poetics had become a hot topic in
contemporary academia that a large number of dissertation literary studies and cultural anthropology are new historicism as a problem object or research

The New Historicism Approach Calls
The New Historicism approach calls for the author and the reader to take into account the historic events that occurred at the time in which the work is
set as well as the events that occurred in the time when the work was written. Today, New Historicists attempt to study how a literary work reflects its
historical context and to understand how the work comments on that context. Arthur Miller used this approach when he wrote one of his most famous
works, The Crucible, in 1953. The Crucible is set in Salem, Massachusetts during the time of the famous Salem Witch Trials (1692–1693), where
people were accused of witchcraft by others in the town with little or no evidence. When this work was written, Miller was living in a world riddled with
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The ten people were Herbert Biberman, Edward Dmytryk, John Howard Lawson, Samuel Ornitz, Dalton Trumbo, Alvah Bessie, Lester Cole, Ring
Lardner Jr., Albert Maltz, and Robert Adrian Scott. All ten of these men were found to be in contempt of Congress and sentenced to one year in
prison as well as being forced to pay a $1000 fine. While the Hollywood Ten were in prison, Dmytryk decided to cooperate, providing more than
twenty names of people that he suspected to be communists. The other nine directors and screenwriters were shunned by the rest of the Hollywood
community, along with the continuously growing list of suspected communists. Even though they were blacklisted, some people continued to produce
and write films under pseudonyms. Along with all of the things happening with the start in Hollywood, Miller had a lot of other influences in the
form of authors. While most people look at these next three authors as the influences for Miller's All My Sons, their influences can also be seen in
The Crucible. The first author is Bertolt Brecht. He was a Marxist playwright whose works were mainly re–writes of stories that he put into a Marxist
perspective. Very commonly, his plays ended in a trial or courtroom scene where the main themes of the work are debated by the characters. This is
somewhat like the final scene in The Crucible in which John Proctor feels as though he cannot confess to witchcraft due to the

New Historicism In The Crucible
New Historicism: The Crucible started with The Red Scare New Historicists look at events occurring in the world at the time a literary work was
written. Arthur Miller, the author of The Crucible, was accused of being a Communist in 1957 during The Red Scare. "In developing his script, when
Miller visited Salem in 1952 he immediately realized the parallels between Salem in 1692 and the then–current United States" ("Why I Wrote The
Crucible"). The parallels are what caused him to write the play. The citizens of the United States and Salem were both plagued with anxiety. Is it
human nature to follow into and/or create mass hysteria? During The Red Scare and The Crucible innocent people were condemned, and the injustice
of the matter amplified... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There's a scene where all of the girls start shouting out numerous names of the people they saw with the devil. Abigail accuses John Proctor's wife of
being a witch because she's infatuated with John. Abigail knows the people they're accusing are innocent, because near the end she runs away. "Rumors
of witchcraft throughout the town lead to accusations, roundups, and forced confessions. Eventually the innocent were sent to the gallows" (Miller). In
the play when the innocent people didn't falsely confess of being a witch, they were hung (Miller). Similarly, in the United States, people feared
communism as the Cold War was happening. Republican Senator Joseph McCarthy accused many people of being communists. According to Yale Law
professor Ralph Brown, 10,000 people lost their jobs because of McCarthy. A large majority of them being innocent ("McCarthyism"). "His
[McCarthy's] interrogation tactics were brutal and his accusations often unsubstantiated, but his hearings brought public condemnation to the accused
and resulted in the general persecution of many innocent people ("McCarthyism"). Arthur Miller saw the parallels between the accused innocent people
during the Salem Witch Trials and from

The Awakening Historicism Analysis
A New Historicism Analysis of The Awakening
Kate Chopin's The Awakening is a story written in the late 19th century about a woman named Edna becoming independent and finding herself in a
time when women had little to no rights and people saw them as the property of their husband. This is a new historicism literary criticism, analyzing
how what was going on in the time period influenced this novel. Racism, sexism, and feminism were all going on at this time and therefore influenced it
greatly.
During this time period, people still owned slaves and racism was still going on. Growing up, Chopin's family and friends had slaves. Later, her
husband was even in a white supremacy group ("Kate Chopin") . With such direct past ties to racism, it ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this time period, women were basically the property of their husbands. Therefore, Edna represented these real–life limitations. Back then, a woman's
sole purpose was to get married and to care for her husband and children. This robbed them of a significant amount of individualism. For example,
women weren't seen to be strong enough to have free will and do things on their own. Chopin enjoyed walking through the city by herself, but society
didn't accept this at the time ("Kate Chopin") .
Chopin commonly presented this principle throughout the novel. All women were chaperoned by men when leaving the house. In the beginning of the
story, Edna never leaves the house without her husband LГ©once, her friend Robert, or another man. Also, society discouraged women to live an
independent lifestyle. It was very uncommon and shamed for women to fend for themselves, rather than relying on their husband. Edna demonstrated
this by her reliance on her husband early in the novel. This brings up another example of history that is present in this story. Edna's husband provides
her a luxurious Creole lifestyle. This gives the reader a glimpse into social classes of the time. Lastly, women weren't supposed to prioritize art above
much, if anything, especially their family. Obviously, Chopin broke this rule, as she spent a significant amount of her time on performing arts, and her
strongest form of art, writing ("Kate Chopin") . Throughout the story, the lack of female artists and Edna's

New Historicism In The Grapes Of Wrath
New Historicism and The Grapes of Wrath The Great Depression is well–known as a time period when American's lives were challenged and changed
for the worst. During the 1930s, the downturn of the economy caused many people to lose their jobs and lack a steady income. Without a job,
families either lost their homes or were forced off of them. This provoked families to roam the country in hopes of coming across a paying job;
However, no matter where families explored to, finding a job was difficult, and sometimes impossible. Without a job, it was strenuous to find a
place to stay and have food to live off of. The inability to find work and properly take care of one's family, oftentimes caused people to lose hope. In
Steinbeck's novel, The Grapes of Wrath the Joad family was greatly affected by the Great Depression. The events within the novel are evoked to the
time period the book was set in. By including events that were influenced by the time period, John is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That is, Pa Joad was negatively affected by the hardships his family went through. When he became unable to provide for his family, he lost his
dignity and purpose. On top of that, Pa had a difficult time adapting to his new way of life and continued to live in the past. He continued to
become less of a leader throughout the novel. Pa's lack of leadership provokes Ma Joad to take charge of the family. Unlike Pa, the family's
hardships and misfortunes throughout the novel cause Ma to become a stronger woman. She becomes able to keep calm and controlled in all types
of scenarios. Her main goal is to keep family unity, and she will go to any extent to do so. Ma says, "All we got is the family unbroke. Like a bunch
a cows, when the lobos are ranging, stick all together," (Steinbeck, ). In Ma's eyes, family is the most valuable thing in their

Examples Of New Historicism In Hamlet
Literary theory is tools set in place to better understanding literature. One type of tool used in literary theory is Historicism, which reveals a period
and place in time that contributes to the subject of Hamlet. Another type of literary theory is Feminism, which reveals another assumption in a
female's eye and changes the approach to the story Hamlet. Both of these theories allow readers to interpret literature into two different viewpoints.
Historicism demonstrates the monarchy flaws starting with Queen Elizabeth, who was a woman in power of England in 1500's. The play of
Hamlet, was quick to decide the rule of England was a male, which reveals Shakespeare as a patriarchal of society. Also, looking at Hamlet madness
leads him to see his father's ghost, that allows him to look for revenge and murder. Example of Hamlets madness was when he became suicidal, "To
be or not to be–that is the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main male character that view her as a victim is Hamlet, because he communicates to her as a sexual object. For instinct, Hamlet speaks of her
beauty as a way of being a whore, "Ay, truly, for the power of beauty will sooner transform honesty from what it is to a bawd than the force of
honesty can translate beauty into his likeness. This was sometime a paradox, but now the time gives it proof. I did love you once" (3.1.113–117).
Hamlet reveals his love as whore because she is beautiful, and he believes beauty is power that is used for sex. Also, Hamlet allows Ophelia to
believe she is the reason of his misbehavior and madness, by saying "Get thee to a nunnery. Why wouldst thou be a breeder of sinners? I am myself
indifferent honest, but yet I could accuse me of such things that it were better my mother had not borne me" (3.1.123–126). Feminism would proceed
this as abuse of a women and abuse of an image of

Hamlet and New Historicism
New Historicism is a modern literary theory that focuses on how events, culture, and places within a society influence a written work. New Historicists
analyze allusions to characteristics of the time period in which the work was written. By definition, new historicism seeks to discover the significance
in a text by taking into account the work within the construction of the established ideas and assumptions of its historical era. Literary texts are
entrenched with historical context and the author is seen as subject to the forces of the culture that he or she works within. New Historicists reject the
New Critical principle that texts are autonomous and should be read without any comparison to history, and instead argue that texts are... Show more
In a New Historic analyzation, it is important to note Hamlet's madness that leads him to paranoia, revenge, and murder. In Shakespeare's Elizabethan
era, madness was defined as "internalization of disobedience". Using this definition, it can be interpreted that Shakespeare derives Hamlet's lunacy
from the plea for vengeance made by his father's spirit. Hamlet feels blameworthy and that

Materialism In The Victorian Era
Oscar Wilde, in his memoirs penned within the walls of Reading Gaol, described the British penal system of the 19th century as an 'unchangeable
pattern' of 'paralysing immobility'. British law required prisons to uphold three simple ideals: 'Hard labour, hard fare and a hard bed' and for the likes
of Oscar Wilde and other prisoners within the Gaol walls, life was a seemingly infinite silent torture.
Inside 19th Century Goal, prisoners were expected to learn the values of tough work to earn a living and often found them subjected to insufferable
amounts of hard labour with very little rewards. Separated in their prison cells and made to exercise in silence, these convicted men served their
sentences in almost constant confinement, alone only with their own thoughts and feelings. The voices of these voiceless men have often been
overlooked and there are very few accounts of life within 19th century prison walls from which we can detail the true feelings of those serving in the
British penal system.
This thesis in this special issue explores Oscar Wilde's prison narratives and writing practices in a wider cultural–historical context in the late Victorian
era. So the writer is interested to use New Historicism theory along with Cultural Materialism to analyze the objects chosen.
New Historicism & Cultural Materialism
New Historicism and Cultural Materialism emerged as prominent literary theories and came to represent a revival of interest in history and in
historicising

New Historicism Is A Really Good Way For Analyze Texts And...
Drevion Cooper Mrs. Almack English 4 Ap 2nd Period September 29, 2014 New Historicism New Historicism is a really good way to analyze
texts and show correlation between ideas and timelines that are in the book. New Historicism is influenced by the author's circumstances but it is
also influenced by beliefs and prejudices. The view that concepts, beliefs, truths, and even standards of truth can be understood only in the relation
to the whole moral, intellectual, religious, and aesthetic cultures of the historic periods in which they would begin to arise. A New historicist looks
at literature in a more wider and more historical context and they examine how the write affected the work and the work will reflect on the writers
time. It recognizes the current cultural contexts that critics have conclusions about. New Historicism was developed around the time of the 1980s by
a man that was named Stephen Greenblatt. According to the man that is named Stephen Greenblatt, the role of the New Historicist was to create a
more cultural or a more anthropological criticism. Since he has developed new historicism, he began to gain a lot of widespread influence during the
decade. Stephen Greenblatt first began to use the term New Historicism in a 1982 production that was called The Power of Forms in the English
Renaissance. He uses new historicism when he uses Queen Elizabeth's "bitter reaction to the revival of Shakespeare's Richard II on the eve of the
Essex rebellion" that was to

New Historicism Criticism Of Brave New World And Invisible...
New Historicism Criticism of Brave New World and Invisible Man. Literature is often influenced by the political, social, and cultural elements of that
time period. A Brave New World and Invisible Man were affected by different political and social factors that were going on during the author's lives.
These factors include lust, advancement of technology, and racism. Aldous Huxley was a British writer and philosopher born in Godalming, England on
July 26, 1894 and wrote the famed book Brave New World. This author lived through the time period in which Henry Ford helped expand
manufacturing and new ideas were being made. These ideas and goods were quickly made in mass quantity and made steady progress. This caused
Huxley to incorporate a rather extreme viewpoint of his cultural life; however, Ralph Ellison did not take the experience of his life to extremes.
Ralph Ellison was born in Oklahoma City, OK in March 1, 1914; he was an American novelist, literary critic, and scholar; he was best known for his
novel Invisible Man. Throughout Ellison's life he was treated and viewed differently because he was African American and not Caucasian this caused
for the main character in his book to be treated and acted upon differently. Ralph Ellison was an African male born in 1914 without a father because of
a construction mishap. Ellison's mother and his brothers moved to Gary, Indiana, where she had family. His mother felt as if he would have a better
manhood up north along with

Shakespeare, Cultural Materialism, And The New Historicism
Many high school English teachers traditionally focus on literary elements and literary techniques when teaching Shakespeare in the classroom.
Dollimore's chapter "Shakespeare, Cultural Materialism, and the New Historicism," states that readers should consider the "socio–political perspective
of materialist criticism," which speaks of two views of theater's effectiveness: theater's ability to instruct and theater's ability to mock authority. If
teachers were to add into the curriculum an analysis of these two opposed views as discussed in the chapter, students would gain a better
understanding of Shakespeare's works as well as achieve an enhanced learning experience. Challenging students to consider how a Shakespearean play
instructed the populace to keep them obedient, would allow another layer to learning. It would require students to research the historical ... Show more
After researching, students would be more effective at discovering how a particular text may instruct the populace. For example, if students are reading
King Lear, they would recognize that Edmund does not accept his place in the Chain. He feels inferior and challenges the norm, which is clearly
seen when he says: "Why bastard: Wherefore base?/ When my dimensions are as well compact,/ My mind as generous, and my shape as true,/ As
honest madam's issue? [...] Edmund the base/ Shall top the legitimate. I grow, I prosper./ Now, gods, stand up for bastards!" (1.2.6–9, 1.2.20–22).
Edmund curses his position as the "bastard" and questions why he should be deprived of his rights to the throne. He states that his father loves him just
as much as his legitimate brother and says it's time to rebel against society's conventions. Edmund's plot against his brother Edgar disrupts the Chain,
and

New Historicism Lens
What if Edgar Allan Poe had been born an only child with parents that had not died? Most assuredly, he would not have been the same person history
knows him as. Poe might not have even become a poet because of the different circumstances. The New Historicism lens shows how a person's history
has a major influence on how that person will grow and what choices they will make throughout their lives. Using the New Historicism lens to analyze
the stories Great Expectations and Beloved, will show how the authors' pasts, classes, and cultures affected their writings. Victorian England was not
necessarily the best time to live in. With heavy pollution, unsanitary living conditions, as well as Jack The Ripper stalking the streets, it was not the

Russo Chechen Conflict Essay
The Russo–Chechen conflict, which lasted from 1991 to 2009, is one of the most traumatising events across the post–Soviet space. The conflict "had
already begun before the collapse of the Soviet Union" (Rezvani 871) and "led to large–scale violent warfare in 1994 and, after a truce, again in 1999"
(Rezvani 871). Unlike political or social aspects of the conflict (Politkovskaya, Gall and de Waal), fictional literature about it remains widely
understudied. Meanwhile, due to authoritarian regimes both in Russia and Chechnya (International Crisis Group), which exercise censorship and
violate human rights, studies of literature can give insights not only into the literary landscape of the post–conflict Russia and Chechnya, but also into
the socio–political ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this young an emerging field, "concepts are either imported from the neighbouring fields of Holocaust studies or postcolonial studies or invented
anew" (Etkind, "Magical Historicism" 632). Since the Russo–Chechen conflict, which emerged from the "tensions between the desire for autonomy and
a history of dependence" (Chioni Moore 112), is postcolonial in its nature, it becomes important, when choosing the methodology, to keep in mind that
more than a decade after the end of armed conflict with Russia, the Chechen society is still strongly divided between competing narratives. Thus,
"separatists make tragic events central identity markers, the supporters of a radical Islam or traditionalist narrative promote the religious view, and the
pro–Russians highlight Russian contributions to the development of Chechnya" (Campana 142). Each of the narratives produces its own vision of
Chechen history and identity. Considering that, the methodology of Alexander Etkind, who focuses his research on the individual memories and
narratives (Wakamiya), and on the concept of mourning, is one of the most applicable. Paying attention to personal stories provides the place for the
memory of the Chechens themselves (and not media–conveyed narratives), and allows to escape the separation between the four narratives, outlined
by Campana, as well as to prevent further memory wars between them. The choice of a case study, the novel Tonkaya Serebristaya Nit' (2015), allows
to apply this methodology: Zherebtsova tells stories of private people, whom she knew during the Russo–Chechen

Dr. Faustus Essay: A Historicism Approach to Doctor Faustus
A Historicism Approach to Doctor Faustus
A young man studies theology his entire life and in turn receives his Doctrine in this field. One lonesome and desperate night, he decides to ignore
God and fulfill his deepest desires. Hence, he conjures up a servant of Lucifer and agrees to sell his soul only if he can receive whatever or whomever
he desires. This is the story of Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus.
Doctor Faustus is a doctor of theology that wants no limits on what he can know or see or do so he sells his soul to the devil to gain these desires.
While reading or observing Marlowe's fascinating play the reader or observer should apply the "New Historicism Approach," ... Show more content on
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For example, various scientists were beginning to explore the worlds of science, technology, and biology. These topics too like the negromantic arts
were said to be "forbidden" simply because there seemed to be little knowledge about them. Hence, similarly to Faustus' desire to obtain the
unthinkable, so were people of this time trying to do the same.
Another fascinating concept that portrays the time scale of the 1590s is that Doctor Faustus, through time, begins to deny his beliefs about God due
to his advances in the search for the truth. Doctor Faustus feels that: "If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and there is no truth in us.
Why, then belike, we must sin, and so consequently die" (Act I: Scene I: Line 40–43). In other words, because we are human we must sin, and God
says if we sin, we die. Therefore, why not die doing what one desires to do, and leave God beside. Sabine Cox also agrees that Faustus loses his
desires to serve God as he advances in his search. As persons began to advance their knowledge of the way the world revolves, they came to the
conclusion that there could possibly not be a God. Why? Because they began to lose faith in what they had been told and had not seen, and began to
gain faith in what they had seen or what was proven to them and not what they were told. Just as Faustus begin to deny

Analysis Of The Book ' Buck '
Life involves many hardships that may seem impossible to overcome, but with the right amount of strength, one can move beyond the wall of
struggle, pain, hate, depression, and any set back. Many can relate to the events in this book because it was written by a normal person, living a
normal life, who faced many problems just like any human being, yet, these struggles relate just as much to various theories. Some experiences in Buck
come from the negative representation of woman, oppression of Malo, Amina, and Uzi, and Afrocentricity of Chaka. By observing this, M.K. Asante's
book, Buck, can be viewed through a Feminism, Marxism, and New Historicism theoretical lens.
The decade of hip–hop is what some may call it. Tupac, Naz, Biggie Smalls, as well as other artists, were major contributions. Not only for the
people who are trying to find their footing, but Buck as well. Throughout the book various lyrics were embedded in order to create a better
understanding for its readers. In addition, this book is based upon a 90s lifestyle within Philadelphia, which included drugs, gang activity, crime,
hip–hop, and havoc. Malo was directly in the center of everything, the girls, the fights, the guns. His experiences shed light towards what it's like to as
an African American individual living in or near the hood. Not everyone realizes what people go through while living there, but now it gives some
readers an image of what goes on. Though times have changed, not all previous feelings

Mark Twain And New Historicism
New Historicism is a form of literary theory, which assumes that literary texts reflect history. By analyzing the text using new historicism, the reader
can uncover the underlined meaning within the pages. For example, The Scarlett Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is about a young girl
named Hester who becomes pregnant before she is marred. Since this "deed" is seen as a crime to her townsmen, they shame Hester by sentencing
her to wear an "A" on her clothing for the rest of her life; however, as the novel progresses, the letter takes on a positive meaning and becomes a
symbol of perseverance. Hawthorne published this novel in the 19th century and during this time, women were expected to abided by the rules of
society. The text is meant to be a message to encourage girls to step out of the mold society has built for them. To relate new historicism to the novel,
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is narrated by a young boy who lives in pre Civil War Missouri. The author,Mark Twain, was also a boy during
this era and might have been inspired to incorporated his observations into the novel. This essay will apply new historicism to the text, in order to
uncover where Twain received his inspiration. Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens on November 30,1835 in Florida, Missouri. At the
age of four his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, a port town along the Mississippi River. Clemens's dreamed to be a steamboat pilot, so he could
sail up and down the Mississippi.

The Relationship Between Richard II and The Myrroure for...
The Relationship Between Richard II and The Myrroure for Magistrates
The relationship between Richard II and The Myrroure for Magistrates is considered here predominantly in the context of the differences between the
two texts.[1] The function of each text is discussed initially, the didactic purpose of the Myrroure contrasted with the function of Shakespeare's play as,
primarily, theatrical entertainment. The conflicting accounts of certain events from Richard's reign are looked at subsequently and the manner in
which they reflect the different function of the texts. Finally, consideration is given to the different way in which the Myrroure andRichard II each
reflect upon the theme of kingship ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
His message can be contradictory, for he does see his murder as 'causeles' (l. 116) and his opponents as 'traytrous' (l. 114). Yet the overwhelming
force of his own argument is that his reign was characterised by 'vices' (ll. 2 & 34), and that he 'fell / to make the living wise' (l.23). The strict,
consistent rhyme scheme drives home the didactic message of the poem, as does the repeated use of alliteration, such as 'shame sueth sinne' (l.18).
Shakespeare's Richard is a more complex, contradictory character, reflecting the theatrical purpose of the play. Richard is 'shown' as well as 'told'
which, particularly during the first two Acts, results in conflicting impressions of him. In Act 1 Scene 1, he appears as the regal, 'impartial' (1.1.115)
king, 'not born to sue, but to command' (1.1.196). The following scene begins to undermine this, as 'God's substitute' (1.2.37) is implicated by Gaunt
in the death of the Duke of Gloucester. Richard's appearance in the richly formal third scene reinforces his initial, regal portrayal but subsequently, his
expressed desire for Gaunt's 'physician... / To help him to his grave immediately' (1.4.58–59) and Gaunt's own violent indictment of this 'unstaid youth'
(2.1.2) finally and fatally undermine the 'showing' of Richard as a majestic, benevolent

Cultural Criticism In Frankenstein
Why does a text exist? It would seem that this is the essential question which all readers attempt to solve. However, how can you possibly attempt to
find meaning in a work written in the past when we are subject to the influences of today and all of the events that have transpired since then? To
really get a grasp on text, we must attempt to put ourselves into the thoughts of one of the time, which in it of itself is impossible as we do not have
access to every bit of information, especially that of the "losers" of events. Like Stephen Greenblatt, father of New Historicism, once put it in his book
Renaissance Self–Fashioning: From More to Shakespeare, "We simply do not know what was thought in silence" (35). To counteract this problem,
Greenblatt culminated ideas of Historicism, Marxism, and Cultural Criticism into a single body, and in this, he understood that not only can we
understand texts by the times and perspectives of those from which they are written but we can also learn more about the time period from the ideas
presented in the text and at least comprehend one perspective. One excellent example of this dual relationship is that of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. In
this early 19th century masterpiece, the author conveys important views and criticism from her British, educated situation in a narrative of the French
Revolution with her descriptions of science, class structure, and justice. To begin with, one of the most prevalent criticisms of the Revolution is in

Explain How Dior's New Look Embraced Both Historicism And...
Explain how Dior's New Look embraced both historicism and modernism. Your essay must include specific reference to at least two collections and
key cultural contexts of post –war France.
1. Introduction
A well–known designer in the fashion industry, Christian Dior is known to create very unique and distinctive women wear, especially for creating a
collection that became an important moment in the modern–day fashion. Even people with little interest in fashion, when asked about the 1950s
womenswear trends, are likely to talk about hourglass figures, big skirts and tiny waists. Editor of American Harper's Bazaar, Carmel Snow,
immediately took to the first collection of Dior "Corolle" exclaiming "it's quite a revolution, dear Christian! Your... Show more content on
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Bills were passed for rationing of materials such as silk and wool used to make parachutes and uniforms for soldiers. Women's skirts had to be made
within a limited number of yards. Most of the dresses were shapeless, more masculine as women started working in factories and pants became popular
(Olds, 2001).
2.2 The Debut On February 12, 1947, Christian Dior, a 42 years old largely unknown couturier launched his collection. Before the debut of this
collection, he only had meagre success in the fashion industry but on that day he made history. With his debut collection, Dior created whimsical
designs which celebrated sensuality and decadence, reminiscent of Russian Ballet and Belle Г‰poque (Mcauley, 2017). Dior essentially incorporated
the historical look where corsets were utilised to accentuate womanly figure, something that had been forgotten due to the war (Oeltjenbruns, 2014).
2.3 The Collections The New Look consisted of various collections such as Corolle, Huit and Tulip. During the day, the broad and squared shoulders
were substituted by raglan sleeves while in the evening, they were replaced by bustier. Loose–fitting style was considered a thing of the past and the
latest design accentuated the structure of the breasts (Pujalet–PlaГ , n.d.). The waist was fitted and at times was belted and the length of the skirt was
also increased. Dior regardless of the expected rationing of materials used a lot of yards in constructing the skirts. The length of the skirt

New Historicism In And Then There Were None By Agatha...
"Outsold only by the Bible and Shakespeare, Agatha Christie is the best–selling novelist of all time. She is best known for her 66 detective novels and
14 short story collections, as well as the world's longest–running play – The Mousetrap" ("Homepage"). The New Historicism Lens is a way for readers
to speculate deeper understandings of texts by relating the text to the historical era in which it was set or written. Another aspect of this lens involves
looking specifically at how the author's life impacts their writing. Published in 1939, And Then There Were None byAgatha Christie, continues to be
one of Christie's most successful books, and with the use of this lens, readers can observe historical happenings at the time it was written and how
events in Christie's life influenced her writing of this text.
In this text, readers are able to use New Historicism to connect the racism occurring during the era when the book was written, to the text to gain a
deeper understanding. In this example, Vera Claythorne is one of ten guests occupying the mansion on Soldier's Island. Once in her room she begins
examining an old nursery rhyme that is framed in her room:
Ten little soldier boys went out to dine;
One choked his little self and then there were nine.
Nine little soldier boys sat up very late;
One overslept himself and then there were eight.
Eight little soldier boys travelling in Devon;
One said he'd stay there and then there were seven.
Seven little soldier boys

A Rose For Emily Historicism Review
Student's Name
Professor's Name
Literature
07.12.2017
A Rose for Emily: New Historicism Review
"A Rose for Emily" is a short story written by renowned Mississippi–based writer and Nobel–prize laureate William Faulkner, that tells the tale of Ms.
Emily Grierson's life through the eyes of someone who witnessed everything that happened in the town of Jefferson. Consequently, the events were not
related in a chronological manner, but rather in the order the narrator recounted it and chose to tell it, making everything serve as clues to the story's
conclusion, and in effect, making the story appear biased towards the narrator's thoughts about the events (Faulkner, William).
William Faulkner grew up in Mississippi and traces his roots to an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Emily is seen, she had gotten fat and her hair had turned iron–gray. For six or seven years, she gave china–painting lessons to the townspeople's
children, but due to the changing generations and their different ideas, there had been fewer and fewer pupils until she stopped giving the
china–painting lessons altogether. This can be seen as similar to familiar technologies and knowhows that become outdated with the passage of time
and better innovations, how people preferred doing things in the more efficient way thus rendering the old ways obsolete. There were many examples
of this throughout the story. One instance of this is when the town got free postal service, and Ms. Emily refused both the mailbox and the house
number. We can see that Ms. Emily seemed to be unable to keep up with the changing times and stubbornly clings to the way of life that she had been
accustomed to despite the changes that were happening around

William Blake London Analysis
TRAVEL ACROSS TIME AND SPACE IN WILLIAM BLAKE'S 'LONDON'
"Journeys are the essential text of the human experience– the journey from birth to death, from innocence to wisdom, from ignorance to knowledge,
from where we start and where we end."Susan Orlean
ABSTRACT
William Blake's iconic poem 'London' deals with his inner journey of life that travels across time and space. It has been attempted in this paper to bring
out how 'London' is the flow of life itself both temporally and spatially.
KEY WORDS: Blake, London, Time, Space, History, Journey
INTRODUCTION
William Blake's iconic poem 'London' is about life as he saw it in the time frame and environment of society. This is the flow of life itself across
time and space. The inner journey of the poet continues. It is possible to think of Blake's and other people's 'London' as points of departure and
arrival on an openly ongoing continuum. If we examine the poem in a new historicist approach, we would be able to historicise the poem. In
interpreting the poem as a product of historical development, we find that the poem mirrors the social conditions of the miserable and the wretched
living in 1790s. The poem is put in the social and historical contexts and thus the politics prevailing in the period in which the poem was written.
Therefore, intertextualization is taking a great part in the study of the poem. Blake employs his narrative voice here. The Londoners whom Blake sees
and hears while wandering in the streets of London like the infant, the chimney sweeper, the soldier and the harlot, all of whose cries are heard by
Blake, have their own stories to tell. Blake, by means of his subjectivity and historicity writes the poem in the same way as a travel writer does when
he writes a travel document.
BLAKE'S PROTESTS AGAINST INSTITUTIONS
Blake, in this poem, basically protests against three major institutions: the government, the monarchy, and the church. He makes his criticism of these
institutions through generalization of three main figures during the period. The chimney–sweeper represents all the chimney sweepers, the child
labourers of the contemporary London. Similarly, the handicap soldier represents all the injured soldiers who suffer. The harlot

Arthurian Historicism Analysis
The Retelling of Arthurian Historicism
During the beginning of the medieval era, a king was born. He was strong, smart, and a warrior. Until a few centuries later his narrative changed again
to fit the needs of the people. King Arthur of Camelot was a figurehead for hope and prosperity to the early European peoples. Through out history
there has been speculation about the validity of the history of King Arthur and his court of knights. After the medieval era, Arthurian legend became less
prominent and more folklore that history. The people were no longer in need of knights and mythical round tables. During the 19th century, poets took
it upon themselves to add different perspectives to the legends. Alfred Tennyson, an Arthurian enthusiast, believed in the monarch as a historical figure
and gear his poetry to toward a masculine Christian theme. Much of his history arrived through the Geoffrey of Monmouth and historiography of British
monarchs. This belief in a true King Arthur allows readers of Tennyson's poems to reevaluate his meaning and interpretation of the characters involved
including their masculinity, femininity, honorable characteristics, religion, and supernatural capabilities.
Along with Tennyson, Arthur Morris took an interest in the legends of King Arthur. However, his interested were in the untold stories of individuals he
felt were ill represented. In his interpretations he adds Victorian cultural undertones to add something to the characters that was not

Obanua Ogugua Critical Analysis
Interestingly, it is clear now that the author might not have been interested in portraying the polygamy in the novel in the literal sense, but deftly twists
the novel to largely accommodate his message on the immiscibility of tradition and modernity. And what better way to effect this than through the
element of marriage? He marries the societal constructs together to show the ghastly effect of having them so close together. We also, however, must
not ignore that there is actually a message on polygamy as it relates to human relationships and its lethal effects. We can therefore say that the author
has managed to kill two birds with one stone.
Moving on, having established the foregoing, strife becomes the chemical reaction when the two ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So, the supposition that Ogugua is actually a representation of modernity actually holds.
Also interesting to explore is the introduction by the author of the detail that concerned the love affair between Ogugua and the Portuguese merchant.
This little detail stamps our claim that Obanua's society, Ozala, had begun to experience change through modernity. Through historical books, we come
to know that Nigeria (which is undoubtedly the secondary setting of the novel) first begun its journey to modernity when the Portuguese came into the
country for trade purposes and, at this point, as is surely with any instance of human interaction, ideas and societal patterns were exchanged, more so as
the language, Portuguese, infiltrated its way into the system. That minute detail therefore becomes something like a deliberate attempt by the author to
show us the modern change that was enveloping the town and Nigeria, by extension, hoping that we would grasp that bit of detail.
Consequently, Ogugua's mulatto twin girls deserve some critical attention. That they are culturally mixed gives us a clue that they are representations
also, of the cultural malaise with which we are concerned. The role they play in the house is also very significant. We can call them catalysts of
disaster since they often instigate

Turn of the Screw, Historicism Approach
In what way are influences from the Victorian society present within the work, and how do these influences complicate the meaning of the work as a
whole ? – Regarding The Turn of The Screw. The Victorian era consisted of moralistic, prudish ideals, a sexist point of view and therefore enforced
etiquette and good manners as a way of life. Henry James demonstrates a lack of propriety for this time period's strict code of conduct, with his
written work, 'The turn of the screw'. By doing so, and somewhat rebelling against the sexually restraining, low crime tolerance era that it was, he
more or so brings across his standpoint of prohibition through his own storytelling of a horror story of a woman gone mad. One of the most important
parts of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This includes her superstitions of the children running around, Henry Jame's text, (pg.67), "..I figured to myself what might portentously be; I
wondered.." giving away her lust for a short–lived victory of something as ridiculous as walking in on a child out of bed. What about the safety of the
children, for in that particular scene, Flora was also out of bed and the governess knowingly left her outside unattended. Another particular important
Victorian teaching was low crime–tolerance. Once more, a man by the name of Mr. Peter Quint was explained to be 'too friendly' towards one the
two children. Peter Quint, implied many times to be an inappropriate man by the house's caretaker Mrs. Grose, was also implied to have an
inappropriate tongue. It is later found out to be the reason why Miles, was expelled from school. This fact isn't highlighted by James' in the actual
novel, but rather a fact the reader comes to figure out gradually despite the governess's obliviousness. Not to mention, the small fact Miles was also
implicated to be victim to some sexual harassment and possibly even molestation by Quint. The governess's lack of remorse, Mrs. Grose's lack of
involvement in the crimes she knew were committed by the dead folk the crazy governess claimed to have seen, and even the master of the house and
his children, all appearing to be

Morgan, Morgan by Janette Turner Hospital
This paper will explore the short story "Morgan, Morgan" by Janette Turner Hospital in a poststructuralist way using both New Historicism and
Deconstruction. First, we will explore the tenants of New Historicism and apply it to the story, and then we will explore the tenants of Deconstruction
and apply it to the story. The ideals of New Historicism were first outlined by Michel Foucault and later developed byStephen Greenblatt. Foucault did
not develop New Historicism; however, his philosophy and ideas formed the basis of the practice. As Warren Hedges has noted,
Foucault's contribution to literary studies has been to encourage us to think about how no writer's description or categorization is simply neutral.
Instead we can think ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By believing in his stories, his visions, in his account of the world and the people in it, she learned to challenge the discourses of her time. While
sitting in church one Sunday, she had her own vision: "I saw a million golden doves and the gilded petals of all the dahlias in the world rising up
into the pointed arch above in which God lived" (qtd. In Lynn "Literature" 291). She learned to see beyond the static faith of others to find her own
faith, fluid like her grandfathers, and yet still her own. Her Sunday school teacher and the pastor were both so focused and unbending in their own
"truth" that they were unable to see hers. The pastor tried to explain that her vision was the Holy Spirit descending on Mr. Peabody; but she would not
be swayed by such a pat answer to the vision that she saw. Her spiritual connection to things unseen defied explanation. Morgan's granddaughter denied
the truth of the "authorities" in the field of spiritual revelation, knowing that her truth was just as valid.
"The recognized "authorities" do not necessarily and often do not represent the beliefs of many people in the given period. They more likely
represent the dominant, or elite, culture" (Kelly). Morgan Morgan was not a part of the elite culture. He did not live by the "universal" or "absolute"
truths that others around him thrived on. He always saw the world a little differently. He saw the world in terms of possibilities. Morgan

New Historicism And New Historicism
Rather than focuses on the perspective of a single gender or individual, New Historicism operates on a much broader spectrum, opting to study the
history of entire civilizations and cultures. New Historicism theory has its historical roots set in the Renaissance Period, led by the leading
spokesperson of the Middle Ages, Shakespeare. The theory makes its first appearance as old historicism, a more primitive form of new historicism
where history is a secondary background to the primary background, the text itself. This version was developed into new historicism when historians
needed a theory that would allow them to formulate a unified and internally consistent worldview of any given people of culture. Due to its rapid
spread, this branch of theory – known as cultural poetics – takes two different forms, its American "New Historian" form and its British "cultural
materialism" form. Both feature a call for the revival of historical consciousness, argue that history and literature are both disciplines to be analyzed
together, that text should be studied within its appropriate context, and that research allows us to learn people to learn more about its habits, beliefs,
and self.
The similarities end here as the two forms begin to take on different characteristics and functions from here on. New Historicism is the theory in an
American context, and its primary focus revolves around the significance of culture in literature. This form argues that culture permeates both literature

A Clean Well-Lighted Place Essay
A Clean Well–Lighted Place
A Clean, Well–Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway looks at age from the viewpoint of an inexperienced and experienced individual, with the aid of
an old man to emphasize the difference between the two. This story takes place late one night in a caf. The caf is clean, pleasant, and well lighted,
which brings some kind of comfort to the atmosphere. Here in the caf sits a deaf, lonely, older man, who although is deaf can feel the difference that
the night brings to the caf, a younger waiter, who believes people stay around the caf to make his life miserable, and a waiter who is a bit older and
seems to understand that this place, the caf, is comforting. The older man spends his late nights in the caf, because at ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The dialog about the couple between the two waiters is classic. The older waiter states, The guard will pick him up, then the younger waiter goes
on to say What does it matter if he gets what he is after? I believe this conversation shows a dramatic difference in age between these two men,
while the older waiter knows and thinks about the consequences and effects his actions will place upon him, the younger waiter does not and lives
for the moment, which is a typical characteristic of youth. As one grows older they come to realize the differences in living for the moment and
living for the moment in a rational way. One can still live for the moment and be spontaneous but do it in a way that it will not have high
consequences upon others. Late into the night the younger waiter cuts the old man off of the brandy so he could lock up and get home to his own
wife. The young man believes his time is too valuable to waste on people whom have nobody or nowhere to go. What is an hour? More to me than to
him. This young man does not actually believe that his time is more precious than the old mans time; he was just in a hurry. What is the difference of
getting home to your wife at 2am or 3am? The only difference that I notice when it is already that late is the number on the clock. The two waiters
then go on to discuss the characteristics between a young and older person, using themselves as the symbols to

New Historicism In Shirley Jackson's The Lottery
Shirley Jackson (1916–1965) was an American writer from upstate New York who published over 60 literary works and raised to four children; she
published her most famous story, "The Lottery," in 1948 (Kellman 1213). After her death, New Historicism developed as a form of literary criticism
focusing on viewing works based on the important events and societal factors during the time it was written and published. It also seeks to understand
aspects of society through the literary works it produces (Brizee). With an agrarian village setting, "The Lottery" is an exceptional story to understand
societal conditions through New Historicism analysis because it draws parallels to Jackson's life through its descriptions of gender roles, family units,
and cultural traditions similar to those of American society following World War II. Because of its prominence in American culture, Jackson uses
family as a centerpiece for the villagers and the lottery. All members of the families in the village are present for the lottery unless they are sick or
injured, but the children play separately from the men who are separate from the women initially, but they all come together later in the day. This
cycle is characteristic of American families during the 40s because each member had their responsibilities but had a cliche gathering for dinner when
everyone was happy together. For the actual lottery, Mr. Summers draws a family name, and then the head of the family has to randomly select the
name of a member of the family to be stoned. Using a family member to choose who will die is an even stronger corruption of the ideal held during
Jackson's time. After Mrs. Hutchison's selection, everyone, including her son, picks up stones and swarm her. A young child murdering his mother is
shocking, but the fact that the community and his own family condone it is possibly even more wicked. Although it was not a common occurrence in
American society, Jackson may be referencing indoctrinated children in Nazi Germany or the Soviet Union reporting them for illegal activity resulting
in their death. In "The Lottery," Jackson uses this shift from a picturesque description of the Hutchison family to a twisted version to show the flaws that

New Historicism: Snow Flower And The Secret Fan
I must admit that I over thought New Historicism, making it into something way more complicated than it needed to be. My first instinct was to
write about Snow Flower and the Secret Fan because it was historical fiction and the book informed me of many things I never knew about Chinese
culture so I was interested to see if they were all accurate. However, I began to think that when the book was written and by whom was what the
focus of New Historicism was about. How the time of publishing affected how or why the book was written or why it might have been popular due to
current social climate. So, I began to panic and thought I would have to go into the direction of One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest or Born on the
Fourth of July, both of which

New Historicism Of Nathaniel Hawthorne's Hyperbolism In...
New Historicism analyzes literature using more than just the text; it uses information from the author's time period as well as from the reader's time
period to understand the text. Readers of literature are "hopelessly subjective interpreters of what [they] observe," according to this theory, meaning
that one has no choice when reading literature other than to interpret it within the context of one's own era (Allen Brizee, et al). This school of
literary theory has only recently been developed but it is still widely used, though also widely criticized (J. Kelly, T. Kelly). Many of Nathaniel
Hawthorne's works were allegories, and he had a tendency to denounce the harsh Puritan beliefs present in his time; thus, "The Minister's Black Veil"
can easily be viewed from a New Historicist view, demonstrated in the way that Hawthorne caustically attacks the Puritan belief system which he detests
through hyperbolizing situations and contrasting light and dark. Nathaniel Hawthorne's works were a product of his ancestors – whom he despised.
Hawthorne grew up in Salem, Massachusetts, surrounded by the legacy of the Salem Witch Trials that had happened a little over a century before his
time. He despised Puritan tradition, particularly because one of his ancestors was one of the harshest judges during the witch scare. Hawthorne even
added a "w" to his last name (from Hathorne) to distance his reputation from that of his ancestor's ("Nathaniel Hawthorne"). Given this background, it is
no

Historicism In The Masque Of The Red Death

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