PCN-530 Topic 6: Sexual Therapy Worksheet Directions: The table below contains multiple approaches to sexual therapy. Be sure to cite any information included in the table. An example has been provided for you. Provide the founders, main concepts, and goal(s) of each therapy. Therapy Founder Main Concepts Goal Example: Brief Strategic Therapy Shoham and Rohrbaugh (Fauchier & Margolin, 2004, para. 11) Identify the connection between a person’s attempt to solve a problem and the negative outcomes caused by the attempt. Once identified, steps can be taken to overcome them. The sole focus is on the problems determined and defined by the client(s), not identifying different problems that may be present (Fauchier & Margolin, 2004, para. 11-12). Reduce the person’s attempts to solve the problem(s) that are resulting in negative outcomes, and increase the tolerance of others involved (Fauchier & Margolin, 2004, para. 11-12). Behavioral Cognitive Behavioral Integrated Behavioral Emotion Focused Family Systems Solution Focused References Fauchier, A., & Margolin, G. (2004). Marital therapy. In C. D. Spielberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of applied psychology. © 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. © 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. Page 1/4 LIN203H1F: Assignment 2 Due: Thursday, December 5, 2019, at the very beginning of the lecture (6:10 PM). Total 10 points Caution Instructions are meant to outline your task for this assignment and to provide you with context; material and wording from these instructions are NOT to be included, reproduced, paraphrased, etc. in your assignment. Instructions An urban legend is a commonly-believed but uncited story about history, medicine, psychology, technology, anything. Many urban legends are untrue (or outdated), but they have an ability to persist through oral transmission. One area in which urban legends abound is etymology. Common but unfounded beliefs about where words or phrases come from are called false etymologies. Many of them are about words that are supposedly initialisms/acronyms. For instance, the word news for ‘current events being reported on’ is simply an extension of the adjective new, inspired by the French nouvelles (Oxford English Dictionary, ‘news, n.’). But there is a common untrue belief that news supposedly comes from the first letters of the points of the compass (N, E, S, W) with the order slightly altered. There is no reason to believe this, but it strikes people as interesting and convincing, so it continues to be disseminated. Just this past summer, your professor saw this ‘fact’ painted on the wall of a newsstand in an airport in the United States! But false etymologies have a greater power than this. Sometimes a mistaken belief about a word or phrase’s history causes it to be changed over time. When this happens, it is called a folk etymology ...

1. PCN-530 Topic 6: Sexual Therapy Worksheet
Directions: The table below contains multiple approaches to
sexual therapy. Be sure to cite any information included in the
table. An example has been provided for you. Provide the
founders, main concepts, and goal(s) of each therapy.
Therapy
Founder
Main Concepts
Goal
Example:
Brief Strategic Therapy
Shoham and Rohrbaugh
(Fauchier & Margolin, 2004, para. 11)
Identify the connection between a person’s attempt to solve a
problem and the negative outcomes caused by the attempt. Once
identified, steps can be taken to overcome them. The sole focus
is on the problems determined and defined by the client(s), not
identifying different problems that may be present (Fauchier &
Margolin, 2004, para. 11-12).
Reduce the person’s attempts to solve the problem(s) that are
resulting in negative outcomes, and increase the tolerance of
others involved (Fauchier & Margolin, 2004, para. 11-12).
Behavioral

2. Cognitive Behavioral
Integrated Behavioral
Emotion Focused
Family Systems

3. Solution
Focused
References
Fauchier, A., & Margolin, G. (2004). Marital therapy. In C. D.
Spielberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of applied psychology.
© 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
© 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
Page 1/4

4. LIN203H1F: Assignment 2
Due: Thursday, December 5, 2019, at the very beginning of the
lecture (6:10 PM).
Total
10 points
Caution
Instructions are meant to outline your task for this assignment
and to provide you with context;
material and wording from these instructions are NOT to be
included, reproduced,
paraphrased, etc. in your assignment.
Instructions

5. An urban legend is a commonly-believed but uncited story
about history, medicine,
psychology, technology, anything. Many urban legends are
untrue (or outdated), but they have
an ability to persist through oral transmission. One area in
which urban legends abound is
etymology.
Common but unfounded beliefs about where words or phrases
come from are called false
etymologies. Many of them are about words that are supposedly
initialisms/acronyms. For
instance, the word news for ‘current events being reported on’
is simply an extension of the
adjective new, inspired by the French nouvelles (Oxford English
Dictionary, ‘news, n.’). But there

6. is a common untrue belief that news supposedly comes from the
first letters of the points of the
compass (N, E, S, W) with the order slightly altered. There is
no reason to believe this, but it
strikes people as interesting and convincing, so it continues to
be disseminated. Just this past
summer, your professor saw this ‘fact’ painted on the wall of a
newsstand in an airport in the
United States!
But false etymologies have a greater power than this.
Sometimes a mistaken belief about a word
or phrase’s history causes it to be changed over time. When this
happens, it is called a folk
etymology. Consider the word hangnail. It sounds as if it must
have been created because part

7. of the skin/nail is hanging off. However, this appears to be a
folk etymology that has reshaped
the spelling. The word was probably originally angnail or
agnail, meaning ‘painful nail’, which
would be cognate with angst, anger, anxiety, and anguish
(Oxford English Dictionary, ‘agnail, n.’).
Your task: Imagine that you are writing a blog post about folk
etymologies. It can be very
informal, but should explain the technical concepts
straightforwardly (as if you are addressing
people who have never taken a linguistics class). For an
example of the tone, see Asya
Pereltsvaig’s blog, e.g.:
https://www.languagesoftheworld.info/morphology/some-
observations-
on-morphophonological-adaptation-of-english-derived-
loanwords-in-russian-slang.html

8. Page 2/4
You will be finding some examples of folk etymology in the
online Oxford English Dictionary
and using them to address two or more of these questions:
1. Why are words susceptible to false etymologies and folk
etymologies over time? Is there
a general point at which this kind of retrospective accidental
semantic change becomes
possible?
2. Are there circumstances that make it more likely that word A
is more likely to attract
false etymology and/or folk etymology than word B?

9. 3. Folk etymology is a legitimate form of language change that
is seen across languages
and cultures. What is it about language (or the relationship of
language to the general
public) that allows for the possibility so often?
In introducing the topic, you can draw on (and then cite!)
information either this assignment or
the textbook (Denning et al. 2007:65 – though note that they
include back-formation under folk
etymology), or other sources.
In your answer, you will need to use at least five examples of
folk etymology from the OED,
and you need to cite (and reference) the OED entries as below.
It is not enough to say e.g.

10. “hangnail is a folk etymology (Oxford English Dictionary,
‘agnail, n.’). You can be concise, but
you need to explain the details – how is it a folk etymology?
Where did the word come from,
etymologically, and how was it reinterpreted? How does that
connect to your answers to the
questions above?
To find your examples: first, access the Oxford English
Dictionary with your U of T access:
1. Go to library.utoronto.ca.
2. Either use the search box, or navigate the Databases page.
Either way, find the link to
the “Oxford English Dictionary [electronic resource]” in
Journals and Databases.
3. Click on it.

11. 4. Click on “Oxford English Dictionary, 2000 to present”.
5. You might be asked to log into the U of T Library page if you
are off-campus.
6. Once you see the OED homepage (“Welcome to the definitive
record of the English
language”), you are in!
Now you’re going to explore some examples of folk
etymologies! To do this:
1. Underneath the Quick Search bar, click on Advanced search.
2. Click the first drop-down menu and select Etymology to
make sure that you are
searching inside the etymological background of words, as
below.

12. Page 3/4
3. Type folk etymology inside the search box. Important: do not
use quotation marks!
4. Press enter. You should get a list of about 200 words/phrases.
5. Explore this list. Open some of the words and read the
‘Etymology’ section (you may
need to click ‘Show more’ to see all of it). Don’t just use the
words beginning in A! Let
your curiosity guide you here.
References

13. You do not have to cite these specific words unless you use
them in your essay. However, you
need to cite all of the entries for the examples you employ, as
well as any other sources you
draw on.
Oxford English Dictionary. "agnail, n." Oxford English
Dictionary Online. Oxford University
Press, September 2019.
Oxford English Dictionary. "news, n." Oxford English
Dictionary Online. Oxford University
Press, September 2019.
Formatting
Your assignment should be 2-3 pages in length (but you can add

14. a fourth page for the
bibliography if you need to) with the text double-spaced (or 1.5
spaced) in an ordinary 12-point
font and with 1” margins. You must submit your paper via
Quercus by the beginning of the
lecture (6:10 PM Toronto time) on Thursday, December 5.
Buying essays from anyone else is not permitted. Do not share
your work with any of your
classmates, or accept any offers to look at classmates’ or
anyone else’s attempts at the problem.
You can always send me an email and/or set up an appointment
and/or visit my office hours if
you are having problems – that’s my job!
Page 4/4

15. Using sources
In this assignment, you need to rely on the Oxford English
Dictionary, and if you want, you can
also use the textbook and/or the lecture slides and/or additional
sources of your choosing. If use
these or any other sources, you must either:
a) paraphrase the idea (in your own words), put in a citation in
a bracket immediately
afterwards, and put the source in a references list at the end; or:
b) use the exact words from the source inside quotation marks,
put in a citation in a
bracket immediately afterwards, and put the source in a
references list at the end.

16. A citation of the lecture slides can simply look like "(Lecture
1)" and citing the textbook as
"Denning et al. 2007:16)", where the number after the : is the
page number, is also enough.
You can use any kind of established style/formatting for
citations and references (most
linguistics journals have their own conventions!), as long as you
are consistent and have
provided all the details a reader needs to look up the source.
Possible entries for references list:
Denning, Keith, Brett Kessler, and William R. Leben (2007).
English Vocabulary Elements (2nd
edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

17. Lecture 1. LIN203: English Words (instructor: Marisa Brook).
University of Toronto, St.
George campus. September 9, 2019.
NOTE: the suggested word-counts are just guidelines for the
amount of writing expected: you
do not need to declare the number of words you wrote, or worry
about deleting a few if your
total is 210 rather than 200.
NOTE: again, you are not permitted to use the exact wording
from this assignment. If you
must quote it, use quotation marks and also put in both a
citation and a reference to it.

18. PCN-530 Topic 6: Sexual Development Worksheet
Directions: In the table below, list at least two aspects of sexual
development that are relevant to each stage of development. An
example has been provided for you. Be sure to cite the
information you include in the table.
Life Stage
Sexual Development
Ex.
In Utero
Male fetuses have erections - Ultrasounds have shown signs of
sexual arousal in utero (Rathus, Nevid, & Fischner-Rathus,
2017, p. 344)
Infancy
Early childhood

19. Preadolescence
Adolescence
Adulthood
References
Rathus, S. A., Nevid, J. S., & Fichner-Rathus, L. (2017). Human
Sexuality in a Changing World (10th ed.) Hoboken, NJ:
Pearson Higher Education.
© 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
© 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.