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Thinking About Deradicalization
Conceptual Challenges
and Lessons Learned
Peter Mandaville, George Mason University
Definitional & Conceptual Problems
• Is “radicalization/deradicalization” the most
accurate description of the problem? Suggests
a false binary state.
• Radicals & moderates as another false
dichotomy
Approaches to Deradicalization
• “Hearts & Minds” – focus on counter-
narratives, war of ideas, etc.
• Socioeconomic/community development
approaches – i.e. fill their stomachs and the
hearts and minds will follow!
• Bolstering existing mainstream/moderate
institutions
Case Studies of Deradicalization
• Saudi Arabia (counseling & persuasion by
senior establishment clerics)
• Egypt (senior jihadi intellectuals “recant” after
government prompting)
• Indonesia
• Jemiah Islamiyaah (prison-based program of persuasion
by conservative scholars)
• Laskar Jihad (deradicalization as a result of changed
political/security environment)
Cases, contd.
• United Kingdom
• PREVENT & CONTEST
• Radical Middle Way
• Quilliam Foundation
– National scale agenda…
– vs. targeted, community-level intervention
– Potential unintended consequences of working
with group who have a communitarian (albeit
non-radical) agenda
Summary
• Importance of combining ideas-based
approaches with attention to socio-economic
circumstances & political problems
• Large scale, esp. national scope initiatives may
affect large numbers but have smaller and
potentially unsustainable impact; emphasis on
targeted, local approaches

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  • 1. Thinking About Deradicalization Conceptual Challenges and Lessons Learned Peter Mandaville, George Mason University
  • 2. Definitional & Conceptual Problems • Is “radicalization/deradicalization” the most accurate description of the problem? Suggests a false binary state. • Radicals & moderates as another false dichotomy
  • 3. Approaches to Deradicalization • “Hearts & Minds” – focus on counter- narratives, war of ideas, etc. • Socioeconomic/community development approaches – i.e. fill their stomachs and the hearts and minds will follow! • Bolstering existing mainstream/moderate institutions
  • 4. Case Studies of Deradicalization • Saudi Arabia (counseling & persuasion by senior establishment clerics) • Egypt (senior jihadi intellectuals “recant” after government prompting) • Indonesia • Jemiah Islamiyaah (prison-based program of persuasion by conservative scholars) • Laskar Jihad (deradicalization as a result of changed political/security environment)
  • 5. Cases, contd. • United Kingdom • PREVENT & CONTEST • Radical Middle Way • Quilliam Foundation – National scale agenda… – vs. targeted, community-level intervention – Potential unintended consequences of working with group who have a communitarian (albeit non-radical) agenda
  • 6. Summary • Importance of combining ideas-based approaches with attention to socio-economic circumstances & political problems • Large scale, esp. national scope initiatives may affect large numbers but have smaller and potentially unsustainable impact; emphasis on targeted, local approaches