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Finlandia: ampliando las elecciones en educación infantil
- 1. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 Finlandia Expandiendo Posibilidades
- 2. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services Información de contexto • Desde los años 50 la participación de las mujeres en la vida laboral ha aumentado fuertemente • Alto nivel educativo y distribución de los ingresos equitativa • Permitir una combinación exitosa de trabajo y familia ha sido un objetivo en la política social durante varias décadas • Actualmente la tasa de mujeres empleadas a tiempo parcial es del 62% (hombres 68’4%)
- 3. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services El sistema finlandés de atención a la infancia • Acceso universal a los servicios • Servicios asequibles para las familias • Elección familiar: servicios y apoyo • Apoyo equitativo para las familias • Variación municipal en los servicios
- 4. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 2/2 LeavesLeaves Day careDay care AllowancesAllowances Pre-schoolPre-school E C E C Integration of services: health care, child welfare, school… Expanded services: meals, services for children with special needs (inclusion policy)…. El sistema finlandés de atención a la infancia • Integración de servicios: salud, bienestar social, escuela • Servicios extendidos: comidas, servicios para niños con necesidades especiales (política de inclusión) Permisos Prestaciones Day Care
- 5. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice ECEC services and allowances in 2003 Children aged 0 - 6 yrs Municipal daycare center 31,6 % Municipal family daycare 14,4 % Child home care allowance 26,4 %Private child care allowance 3,5 % Parental allowance 12,3 % Other 11,8 % Pre-school 96 % Open services Atención a la infancia (2003) Cuidado familiar municipal 14’4% Prestación cuidado familiar 26’4% Centro infantil municipal 31’6% Prestación parental 12’3% Prestación cuidado privado 3’5% Otros 11’8% Niños de 0-6 años
- 6. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Children in ECEC (2003) 1,3 24,9 40,3 57,4 63,6 68,064,1 96 2,7 0,0 20,0 40,0 60,0 80,0 100,0 <1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7+ age of the child % CHILDREN IN ECEC (municipal and outsourced services) Day care Pre-school Atención a la infancia (2003) • % de N • % NIÑOS EN CENTROS DE EDUCACIÓN INFANTIL (servicios municipales y concertados) edad del niño Escuela Infantil Educación preescolar (a los 6 años)
- 7. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health all children from 0 to school age • Day Care Act 1973 • Unconditional right in 1990 (0-3) and 1996 (0-7) • Day care centres & family day care • Full time (> 5 hours daily) & part time • Necessary meals • Private care allowance since 1997 • Content: National Curriculum Guidelines on ECEC (2003) Derecho incondicional a la atención para todos los niños de 0 a 6 años • Day Care Act 1973 • Derecho incondicional en 1990 (0-3) y 1996 (0-7) • Centros de educación infantil & educación infantil familiar • Tiempo completo (>5 horas al día) y tiempo parcial • Comidas necesarias • Cheque escolar desde 1997 • Contenido: Directrices del Currículo Nacional
- 8. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice • Discussion on the topic started in the 1960’s • Since 2001 municipalities obliged to provide – parents choice • For 6 / 7 year-olds – one year before primary education • 700 hours annually per child, academic year • Day care centres or schools • Meals, transportation • Content: Core Curriculum for Pre-School Education 2000 Free pre-school education Educación pre-escolar gratuita (a los 6 años) • La discusión sobre el tema comenzó en los años 60 • Desde 2001 las municipalidades están obligadas a proporcionarlo - elección de las familias (hasta 2015) • Para los niños de 6/7 años-un año antes de la escolaridad obligatoria • En centros de educación infantil o escuelas • Comida, transporte
- 9. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services Permiso de maternidad y prestación • 18 semanas: cinco semanas antes del nacimiento • Prestación, aproximadamente el 66% del salario; si no llega al salario mínimo 11,45€/día (6 días/semana) • Utilizada por casi el 100% de las madres
- 10. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services • 26 semanas: para la madre o el padre • Prestación similar a la baja maternal • Utilizado por el 5’6% de los padres. • Vigilancia. ¿Presión para ser una “buena madre”?, más información, más coraje Permiso familiar y prestación • 1-3/5 semanas • Frecuentemente sueldo integro: según convenios colectivos • Utilizado por el 68’2% de los padres. • No correlación con origen socioeconómico Permiso de paternidad
- 11. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services Cuidado en casa y prestación • Si el niño no está en un centro de educación infantil municipal • Hasta que el niño más pequeño tenga 3 años • Madre y padre pueden turnarse • Aprox 250€/mes + 85€ por otro niño menor de 3 + 50€ por otro niño mayor de 3 (tarifa plana) • El subsidio máximo por suplementos relacionados =169€
- 12. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Recent developments 1/6 ‘Daddy month’ • Since the beginning of 2003 • If the father takes at least two weeks of parental leave he gets two extra weeks of paternity leave • Paternity Leave Campaign 2002-2003 To bring about change in the attitudes !This extension of paternal leave was used by less than 5 % of fathers (end of 2003) Desarrollos recientes 1/6 • Desde comienzos de 2003 • Si el padre toma al menos dos semanas de baja familiar consigue dos semanas extras de baja por paternidad. • Campaña “Baja por paternidad” en 2002-2003 Para favorecer un cambio de actitudes • Esta extensión fue utilizada por menos del 5% de los padres (finales de 2003) “Mes del padre”
- 13. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Recent developments 2/6 Part-time parental leave • Since the beginning of 2003 • Both parents reduce working hours and take turns in childcare • Can not be taken by one parent only • No break through yet: only 1000 families so far Desarrollos recientes 2/6 • Desde comienzo de 2003 • Padre y madre reducen las horas de trabajo y se turnan en el cuidado del niño/s • No puede acogerse sólo uno de los dos • Todavía no ha despegado: sólo 1000 familias Reducción familiar a tiempo parcial
- 14. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services Desarrollos recientes 3/6 • Padre y madre pueden reducir su horario laboral a 6 horas al día o un total de 30 horas semanales • Reducción hasta el fin del segundo año escolar del niño • Prestación para niños de 0-3 y de pre-escolar (6 años) • Desde el 1 de agosto de 2005 también niños de primero y segundo grado • 70€/mes (tarifa plana) Extensión de la baja familiar a tiempo parcial y de la prestación
- 15. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services Desarrollos recientes 4/6 • Desde el 1 de Agosto de 2004 las municipalidades deben proporcionar actividades por la mañana y por la tarde en colaboración con diferentes proveedores: • asociaciones, parroquias, comunidades… • Para recibir estos subsidios las municipalidades deben ofrecer al menos 570 horas por niño al año • 68% de los niños de primero de primaria necesitan actividades antes o después del periodo escolar Actividades de mañana y de tarde para niñ@s en edad escolar
- 16. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in servicesNational Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice • September 2003 • The process continues: - municipal and unit based curricula, individual plans - review at the end of 2004 and spring 2005 • A recommendation for municipalities Content and quality: National Curriculum Guidelines on ECEC in Finland Recent developments 5/6Desarrollos recientes 5/6 • Septiembre 2003 • El proceso continúa: - currículos municipales y escolares, planes individuales - revisión al final de 2004 y en primavera de 2005 • Una recomendación para los municipios Contenido y calidad: Directrices del Currículo Nacional para la Educación Infantil
- 17. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in servicesNational Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice • September 2003 • The process continues: - municipal and unit based curricula, individual plans - review at the end of 2004 and spring 2005 • A recommendation for municipalities Content and quality: National Curriculum Guidelines on ECEC in Finland Recent developments 5/6Desarrollos recientes 6/6 • Puesta en práctica de programas: • Entrenamientos • Apoyo para la organización de procesos municipales • Material en internet http://www.stakes.fi/varttua
- 18. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in servicesNational Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice What can be learnt? • To proceed with new developments needs strong commitment on each level ! Long term strategic planning • Extra funding necessary • To prepare the way for real change needs developments in the system. It also needs plenty of discussion and reflection to open up ways of thinking and thus enforce change in the attitudes. • Change happens gradually! ¿Qué podemos aprender? • Los nuevos desarrollos precisan un gran compromiso a todos los niveles • Necesidad de financiación extraordinaria • Preparar el camino para cambios reales necesita evoluciones en el sistema.También necesita mucha discusión y reflexión para ampliar el pensamiento y así provocar un cambio en las actitudes • ¡El cambio ocurre gradualmente!
- 19. National Research andDevelopment Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finland Expanding Choice Daycare Trust Annual Conference 2004 National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice Finnish ECEC system in a nutshell 1/2 • Universal access to services • Services affordable for families • Parental choice: services and support • Equal support for families • Municipal variation in services National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Päivi Lindberg Finland – Expanding Choice What can be learnt? • To proceed with new developments needs strong commitment on each level ! Long term strategic planning • Extra funding necessary • To prepare the way for real change needs developments in the system. It also needs plenty of discussion and reflection to open up ways of thinking and thus enforce change in the attitudes. • Change happens gradually! Traducción y créditos Traducido por Kaleida Forma, abril 2008-2015 www.kaleida.es