2. DEDICATION
The Report is dedicated to all my teachers who have lend me a hand to learn and acquire
knowledge of new things by which I got this internship and I had the opportunity to grab the best
learning experience.
3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am grateful and thankful to the Rf Optimization and Planning Department for the warm welcome
in their Department and for providing me the Vision to understand and learn how practically
technical things are carried out.
My deepest thanks to the mentor Sir BILAL ASHRAF who specially took time from his pretty
occupied routine to help and guide me with anything I brought up to him and The R&D executive Sir
AYAZ AHMED who have been very helpful in sharing informative things about new technology and
how new product are tested form the Research and business Prospective.
I express my thanks to Sir ZEESHAN BALOUCH, for extending his support in learning the Drive test and
static test without which this internship wouldn’t have been fruitful.
I owe my deep sense of gratitude to Sir SAHABZADA ZAKI UD DIN and SIR WAQAR AHMED for
sharing their immense knowledge on Transmission Planning and Telecom Equipment Installation.
Many thanks to Sir HUSSAIN (Hr executive) for helping me learn the soft skills which play a major
role in your professional life and my gratitude to Sir Sohaib Tariq for sharing his knowledge on
Project Management.
Thanks and appreciation to the helpful people at Witribe and I also extend my heartfelt thanks to
my newly made table tennis friends who provided me some good moments of sportsmanship.
4. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Witribe is one of the leading Multimedia services providers in Pakistan. The network of Witribe is
basically based on the leading 4G technology Wimax. Witribe has a total Wimax frequency band of
21 MHz which is divided into 3 neat channels and all the frequency planning is done with respect to
these three channels. Work has been done on introducing the 4th clean channel to the network and
Frequency planning of the network is in process with respect to four channels.
The Wimax network is divided into two major areas the core network which is also known as the
backbone network and the radio network which is the access network for user. The Rf optimization
and Planning department monitors the radio network, maintain certain key performance indicators
(KPI’s) to evaluate the networks performance on hourly, daily and monthly basis and work on the
optimization of the network in terms of capacity and coverage.
An equipment management system is used to extract values from all the devices in the network in
terms of KPI’s for e.g. the uplink utilization of a certain sector, the number of users on the sector,
the frame erasure rate and etc. Each KPI explains a certain feature of the radio network. Witribe has
maintained a web based server known as WISTAT which contains the information of all the sectors
in the network and the values of their respective KPI’s.
Drive test and Static Point test are two physical tests performed by the Rf Optimization Department
network in order to physically monitor the coverage and capacity problems on the site indicated by
the KPI’s. Two software are used the AGILANT E6476 Wireless Measurement Software and the
MOTOROLLA Software along with several other tools like Google earth, global mapper which are
helpful with the GPS navigation and track record. These tests are done by going to a certain location
in the network. The data collected by these Tests are analyzed by software MAPINFO which gives a
clearer picture of the Sites coverage and capacity.
The results are shared with the Field Operation Department (fops) and the solution to the problem
is addressed along which generally are changing the parameters of the Antennas and Equipment
deployed.
Each day a huge amount of network performance indicators are analyzed and actions are taken
against them and with the start of the next day the Rf Optimization and Planning department are all
set to begin the same work again. All this tough work is done as there is no compromise in
maintaining the health of the network and optimizing the Network performance in order to make
your company the leading Wimax Service Provider.
5. CONTENTS
Dedication................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Acknowledgement................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Executive Summary................................................................................................................................................................ 4
Introduction............................................................................................................................................................................... 1
History..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
group vision .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Witribe Islamabad................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Rf Optimization and Planning Department .................................................................................................................. 2
Working of Rf Optmization and Planning Department....................................................................................... 2
WiMAX ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Motivation.............................................................................................................................................................................. 4
Evolution of WiMAX and its Different Standards.................................................................................................. 4
Protocol Layers of 802.16.................................................................................................................................................... 5
Physical Layer...................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Frequency that WiMAX supports............................................................................................................................ 6
WiMAX PHY Interface Variants..................................................................................................................................... 6
Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC).................................................................................................................. 8
Network Architecture of Wimax ................................................................................................................................10
Network element Function......................................................................................................................................10
Learning Experience & tasks performed.....................................................................................................................11
Testing New Pioneer scanner......................................................................................................................................11
Performance evaluation of Jemstech CPE and a New Segacom CPE ...........................................................12
Auditing of Witribe’s Sites in Islamabad.................................................................................................................13
Static Point Test’s .............................................................................................................................................................14
Drive Test.............................................................................................................................................................................15
Monitoring Different KPI’s trend In Wistat............................................................................................................16
Task on Excel for Analyzing huge amount of Data..............................................................................................17
Calculating Maximum sector utilization..................................................................................................................18
Frequency Planning.........................................................................................................................................................18
Theoretical learning ........................................................................................................................................................18
Transmission planning..............................................................................................................................................18
Wimax Technology......................................................................................................................................................19
7. 1 | P a g e
INTRODUCTION
Wi-tribe is Pakistan’s number 1 broadband service provides quality services in Islamabad,
Rawalpindi, Lahore, Faisalabad and Karachi.
HISTORY
Wi‐ tribe is a lifestyle; a lifestyle of independence and innovation that changes your life for the
better with more exciting ways of thinking. No boundaries, just freedom; offering only the best
broadband to emerging markets around the globe, and bringing everyone together under one tribe
– wi‐tribe.
Backed by unrivaled experience, knowledge and vision, wi‐tribe, a Qtel Group Company, was
born in April of 2007 and proudly delivers high quality broadband internet services to consumers
in Pakistan, Jordan and Philippines, with a regional Head Office in Doha, Qatar.
The vast experience this world leader brings has fuelled the growth of the wi-tribe venture
worldwide, launching wi-tribe globally as part of Qtel’s 2020 vision and heading towards being
positioned as the world’s preferred broadband leader.
In 2008, operations were launched in Jordan, expanding to several cities across the kingdom.
With wi‐tribe’s dedicated customer care representatives, it has quickly become a force to be
reckoned with and is helping evolve the telecom industry.
In 2009, wi-tribe group launched its largest operations in Pakistan. With wi‐tribe’s firm
commitment to improving the digital divide and the enhancement of lifestyle, Pakistan is the
ideal start‐off point to bring to this part of the world the bright vision of our tribe. It will allow
the people of Pakistan to experience our dedication to delivering the best of services with our
unique customer service experience.
With the launch of wi‐tribe Philippines in 2010, Qtel and San Miguel are firm in their
commitment to the visions and directions wi‐tribe has laid down in its foundation. This advanced
market has been another exciting venture for the tribe and the first expansion of the group into
south‐east Asia.
With a refreshed brand, wi-tribe is geared to be a market leader; always bringing innovative
offerings and methods to ‘bridge the broadband gap’. As an ‘enabler’, wi-tribe aims to increase
the broadband market by continuously diversifying and simplifying online access.[7]
GROUP VISION
“To be the preferred broadband provider in the communities we serve”
8. 2 | P a g e
WITRIBE ISLAMABAD
The Main office of Witribe is located in F-8 Islamabad. The office has a number of department
putting up their efforts together to make Witribe as the leading service provider in the market.
Following are the Witribe’s Department in Islamabad F8 office:
Human Capital Department
Marketing Department
Sales Department
Customers Care and Customer Service Department
Finance and legal Department
Technical Department
o IT Department
o Field Operation Department
o Rf optimization and Planning department
o Project Management Department
o NOC Department(situated in I9 office)
RF OPTIMIZATION AND PLANNING DEPARTMENT
The Rf Optimization and Planning Department consists of 7 people who according to their
Hierarchy are shown below;
Director Planning and Operations
Manager (vacant seat)
Team Lead(Bilal Ashraf)
Rf Executive(Zeeshan Balouch)
R&D Executive(Ayaz Ahmed)
Transmission Planning Executive(Sahabzada Zaki Ud din)
Transmission Planning Executive(Waqar Ahmed)
WORKING OF RF OPTMIZATION AND PLANNING DEPARTMENT
The Rf optimization and Planning department monitors the radio network, maintain certain key
performance indicators (KPI’s) to evaluate the networks performance on hourly, daily and monthly
basis and work on the optimization of the network in terms of capacity and coverage.
An equipment management system is used to extract values from all the devices in the network in
terms of KPI’s for e.g. the uplink utilization of a certain sector, the number of users on the sector,
the frame erasure rate and etc. Each KPI explains a certain feature of the radio network. Witribe has
maintained a web based server known as WISTAT which contains the information of all the sectors
in the network and the values of their respective KPI’s.
Drive test and Static Point test are two physical tests performed by the Rf Optimization Department
network in order to physically monitor the coverage and capacity problems on the site indicated by
the KPI’s. Two software are used the AGILANT E6476 Wireless Measurement Software and the
9. 3 | P a g e
MOTOROLLA Software along with several other tools like Google earth, global mapper which are
helpful with the GPS navigation and track record. These tests are done by going to a certain location
in the network. The data collected by these Tests are analyzed by software MAPINFO which gives a
clearer picture of the Sites coverage and capacity.
The results are shared with the Field Operation Department (fops) and the solution to the problem
is addressed along which generally are changing the parameters of the Antennas and Equipment
deployed.
Each day a huge amount of network performance indicators are analyzed and actions are taken
against them and with the start of the next day the Rf Optimization and Planning department are all
set to begin the same work again. All this tough work is done as there is no compromise in
maintaining the health of the network and optimizing the Network performance in order to make
your company the leading Wimax Service Provider.
10. 4 | P a g e
WIMAX
INTRODUCTION
WiMAX is an abbreviation of Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access. WiMAX is IEEE
802.16 standard which is based on wireless Metropolitan Area Network (MAN). It operates in the
spectrum between 2-11 GHz and 10-66 GHz frequency ranges respectively. The aim of WiMAX is to
connect the Internet and to facilitate a last mile wireless extension to cable and DSL broadband
access. IEEE 802.16 provides linear coverage service area ranging up to 50 km and allows the
subscriber to connect the BS even in NLOS conditions. [1]. WiMAX supports a number of users at a
time and provides high data rate up to 70 Mbps.
MOTIVATION
WiMAX provides a high speed internet in residential and small size areas. By now, cable net and
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) are providing these facilities. But practically it is much harder to
provide these facilities in small areas over wide system. The other problem is that the DSL
connectivity can only reach up to 3 miles from the central switch [1]. As BWA is mostly related to
wireless communications so the difficulties in wide system can be overcome. Deployment of BWA is
much easier and can provide coverage over a large Geographical area.
EVOLUTION OF WIMAX AND ITS DIFFERENT STANDARDS
The new emergence of wireless broadband equipment is managed by number of industry standards
in terms of their design and performance. IEEE develops all the electrical engineering related
standards, and it is one of the most renowned standard bodies in electrical engineering whose head
quarter is in United States. The most important standards of wireless broadband are 802.16 and its
enhanced versions 802.16 d/e. currently standards 802.16, f, j, k, n are under research phase.
In December 2001 a standard based on a single-carrier physical (PHY) layer with a burst time
division multiplexed (TDM) MAC layer was completed. The IEEE 802.16 group subsequently
produced 802.16a, an amendment to the standard, to include NLOS applications in the 2GHz–
11GHz band, using an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based physical layer
[3]. Later some new enhancements were made in the MAC layer which helped it support
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA). All prior versions were replaced by the
new standard in 2004, called IEEE 802.16-2004, it was meant to deal with all the fixed applications,
because of which that was considered to be the first WIMAX solution. Considering the need for
mobility a new standard was developed in 2005 which was called IEEE 802.16e-2005. It was
developed by making some new amendments in the previous 2004 version and provided solutions
for the nomadic and mobile applications.
11. 5 | P a g e
TABLE-1: COMPARISON OF IEEE 802.16 STANDARDS [2]
PROTOCOL LAYERS OF 802.16
There are two basic protocol layers that WiMAX works on
MAC layer
Physical Layer
As our project is related to WiMAX physical layer we will be looking on this layer in detail.
12. 6 | P a g e
PHYSICAL LAYER
There are a number of physical layer specifications supported by the WiMAX. In the beginning
WiMAX used to support only single carrier modulation and after the passage of time and as
technology grew; OFDM and scalable OFDMA were also used but only for operating in the Non Line
of Sight (NLOS) environment and were meant to provide mobility. The standards were then further
enhanced to work in the lower frequency range of 2-11GHz along with the previous 10-66GHz band
[3].
FREQUENCY THAT WIMAX SUPPORTS
WiMAX supports two major frequency band ranges that are categorized as licensed and unlicensed
bands.
LICENSED BAND (10-66 GHZ)
This frequency band works in LOS medium as they have short wavelength and they cannot cover a
large distance. This LOS propagation means that there is no or minimum multi path propagation
hence we can neglect its effect. A data rate up to 120 Mb/s is achieved using this standard. Unlike
lower frequency range where bands are less than 100 MHz, most of the frequency bands of this
range are more than 20GHz.Alot of frequency band is available in this frequency range due to which
people opt to operate in this frequency band. Additionally, the channels within these bands are also
large compared to lower frequency ranges, typically a channel bandwidth are between 25 or 28
MHz
LICENSED EXEMPT BAND (2-11GHZ)
This frequency band covers both the license exempt and unlicensed band. In this range new and
enhanced physical layer specification are introduced to operate in both LOS and NLOS channel
environment along with minimum effect of multipath propagation. This band provides a data rate
up to 70 Mb/s for a 14 MHZ channel as working in the licensed exempt band brings along with it
additional coexistence and interfacing issues but many of the WiMAX effective and beneficial
functions are used in this band. The physical and mac layer mechanism uses DFS in the license
exempt band; to detect and avoid interference is a clear example [3]
WIMAX PHY INTERFACE VARIANTS
For different physical layer standard and specifications WiMAX has allocated a different name to
each specification. Their features along with limitations are defined bellow.
WIRELESS MANSCA
This is based on single carrier modulation targeted to operate in the 2-11 GHz frequency range. In
access it is done by TDMA technique both in uplink and downlink communication channel.
WIRELESS MANOFDM
This physical layer specification works on the principle of OFDM. There are 256 subcarriers in a
single OFDM symbol making it a band efficient technique. The operation frequency for this
specification is 2-11GHz.OFDM provides a number of features like using a number of FEC methods
making it an efficient technique for NLOS environment.
13. 7 | P a g e
WIRELESS MANOFDMA
Wireless MAN OFDMA uses the OFDMA techniques. The numbers of subcarriers used in this
specification vary from 2048-128 depending on the BWA. The operation band for this specification
is 2-11 GHz.TDM and FDM are commonly used over OFDM to make it OFDMA.
WIRELESS HUMAN
Here HUMAN stands for High Speed Unlicensed Metro Area Network and it is targeted to work in
the license exempt band between 2-11GHz. This supports only TDD for Duplexing and can be
combined with all the standards for the license exempt band to make high speed transmission
possible.
TABLE 2: VARIANTS OF WIMAX PHYSICAL [3]
WIRELESS MAN OFDM PHY LAYER
This version of the 256point OFDM based air interface specification provides a lesser peak to
average ratio, a calculation of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculation and lesser
synchronization problems compared to 2048 point Wireless MAN OFDMA. The FFT point
determines the number of sub-carriers used and among these 256 sub-carriers, 192 are distributed
among 18 users, 56 of the remaining are used for guard band and the remaining 8 are used for pilot
sub-carriers. It allows a variable cyclic prefix (CP) length that ranges from 8 to 64 depending on the
expected delay spread of the channels.
FLEXIBLE CHANNEL BANDWIDTH
WiMAX uses different channel bandwidths which depend on the bandwidth of the system. The
maximum bandwidth used for the system can by 20 MHz and the channel bandwidth depends on
the sampling factor Nf as described in the next chapter.
14. 8 | P a g e
ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND CODING (AMC)
Adaptive modulation is one of the most advanced techniques which are being proposed for a better
transmission system increasing the reliability of the system and maintaining the power control.
WiMAX introduces adaptive modulation and coding techniques in order to enhance the system
performance depending on the channel conditions.
AMC scheme changes verily as the subscriber changes its location with respect of the base station. A
subscriber who is near the base station and have a LOS path will be assigned a highest modulation
scheme with the minimum coding rate in order to provide a high data rate and the subscriber who
is far away from the base station will be assigned the lowest modulation scheme and high coding
rate in order to provide reliable communication.
Mr. Dania Marabissi along with his colleagues from the University of Florence took the aim of
developing a technique that would help them improve the QoS metric, mainly focusing the error
probability and throughput of the system. He first proposed a methodology of keeping the error
rate below a fixed level depending on the type of the application and then he proposed a technique
which was designed to keep the throughput of the system at a maximum level without any
restriction on the error rate [8]. After thorough study he came to a conclusion that the AMC system
could be represented by a Moore’s state machine, as described by the following figure
FIGURE 1: ADAPTIVE MODULATION [4]
A combination of modulation scheme and the coding rate describes a single state in this figure. The
modulation scheme proposed were QPSK, 16 QAM and 64 QAM and the coding rate used for the
encoding process were ½ and ¾.This model was designed to make this system a universal model
which can be used for Adaptive modulation and coding implementation which are required by the
system. The difference in both the methodologies he proposed was the method of assigning the
threshold for the switching from one combination to the other. When the parameters of the system
changes the model changes its state and the coding rate and the modulation scheme is changed
depending on the described state and till the time it stays in the same state it uses the same
parameters described by the state.
15. 9 | P a g e
WiMAX describes different adaptive modulation and coding schemes for its system.7 combinations
are commonly used. The AMC schemes which we used for our system are given bellow:
FIGURE 2: AMC SCHEMES[6]
16. 10 | P a g e
NETWORK ARCHITECTURE OF WIMAX
The WiMAX network is organized into two smaller networks. These networks are the Connectivity
Service Network and the Access Service Network. Each of these networks has a specific set of
functions.
A diagram showing Network architecture of Wimax is shown below:
FIGURE 3 APICTURE TAKEN FROM WIMAX 360 DOCUMENT SHOWING DIFFERENT NETWORK ELEMENTS
NETWORK ELEMENT FUNCTION
NSP Network Service Provider Provide all of the services and features being offered by the carrier
CSN Connectivity Service Network is Responsible for subscribers IP connectivity
ASN Access Service Network Provides network access and mobility CPE Customer Premises
Equipment Provides the customer interface[8].
1-
17. 11 | P a g e
LEARNING EXPERIENCE & TASKS PERFORMED
Rf Optimization Department at Witribe is an ever green department from the learning perspective.
Each day at Witribe in these 6 weeks was full of learning multiple activities from learning the in
depth theory of the Wimax technology to practically performing test for network optimization. Here
is a brief summary of Tasks performed during this tenure.
TESTING NEW PIONEER SCANNER
The activity was performed in the first week when Witribe Rf Operation Department was thinking
to buy a new Pioneer scanner in order to monitor the network more effectively. This scanner had a
capability to catch the Radio Signals from Witribe as well as other service providers as well like
Qubee, Wateen and etc. The scanner was acquired from the company for testing before purchasing
it in order to analyze the capabilities of the Scanner. After a thorough learning about the scanners
working from the R&D executive I was assigned my first task to test the scanner physically by
covering all the coverage area of F8 sites. I individually performed this task and gathered data for
analysis of the Witribe networks performance with respect to other service provider. Some
snapshots of the activity are shown bellow
FIGURE 4 A PICTURE OF PIONEER SCANNER SOFTWARE SHOWING WITRIBE NETWORK PERFORMANCE
AND OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS PERFORMANCE AT KOHISTAN ROAD F-8, ISLAMABAD
18. 12 | P a g e
FIGURE 5 PICTURE OF PIONEER SCANNER SOFTWARE SHOWING WITRIBE NETWORK PERFORMANCE AND
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS PERFORMANCE OUTSIDE CHURCH AT KAGHAN ROAD F-8, ISLAMABAD
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF JEMSTECH CPE AND A NEW SEGACOM CPE
This task was performed in second week. A new CPE from a different vendor SEGACOM was
introduced to Witribe which was capable of performing beam forming and supported several new
features. So before purchasing it from the company and introducing it to Witribe’s customers
directly it was necessary to perform a test to monitor the performance of this CPE with respect to
the previously used JEMPSTEC CPE and deducing a valid decision.
The activity was performed by doing several static point tests at various line of sight and non line of
sight locations in G-10 and monitoring the performance of both the CPE’s in terms of Channel to
Interference and Noise Ratio (CINR), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and throughput. I
assisted this activity with two Rf Executives and thoroughly the criteria on which two devices can
be compared. A picture taken of the JEMSTEC CPE statistics at a point during test is shown below
19. 13 | P a g e
FIGURE 6 A PICTURE SHOWING JEMSTEC CPE'S STATISTICS IN TERMS OF CINR AND RSSI
AUDITING OF WITRIBE’S SITES IN ISLAMABAD
During third week a major activity of Auditing was initiated. This activity compromised of visiting
several Witribe sites in different sectors of Islamabad where equipment parameters were
rechecked with respect to initially preset parameters at the time of deployment.
A base station site has three basic parameters the tilt of the antenna, azimuth of the antenna and
the height of the antenna. The coverage of the site is based on these parameters. These parameters
are set in such a way that the Site is covering all the users in the vicinity. Heavy wind and rainfall
slightly change the position of the antenna and it affects the coverage.
This activity was carried out by a team of 3 people. An Rf executive Zeeshan Balouch, I and a rigger.
A campus was used to find the azimuth of the antenna, a rigger climbed each site and used a tilt
meter to measure the tilt and range finder was used to calculate the height of the tower. Parameters
which were different from the preset values where fixed and the current values were noted.
The carry out this activity in such a hot weather was a tough job.12 sites covering blue area, f6, f7,
g6 were visited and later the activity was handed over to the Field Operation Department who
continued it over the other side.
20. 14 | P a g e
STATIC POINT TEST’S
Static point test has been conducted several times during the internship period. Some of them were
performed independently and some of them were performed with various people of the
department including Sir Zeeshan,Sir Zaki,Sir Waqar.
Whenever a site is having issues in camping to the site Static Point test is performed or whenever a
user complaints that he is not receiving coverage at a certain position a static point test is
performed at that point. Motorola Software is used for this test and a GPS system is required for
this activity to reach the exact point.
Following are the number of static point test carried out during the internship
Static point test at blue area to monitor a site deployed near Savour food.
Static Point test at F-8 Markaz to monitor coverage of a site at a specific location.
Static Point test at Pakistan town outside a client house
Static Point test at E-7 to monitor camping and throughput of a site deployed in E-7 Markaz.
Static Point test at G-6/4 outside a client house to analyze the coverage issue.
A snapshot of the static point test done during the internship is shown below:
FIGURE 7 A GPS SHOWING LOCATION OF THE TEST ALONG WITH NETWORK PARAMETERS PERFORMED IN
G-6/4 ON 15 JULY
21. 15 | P a g e
DRIVE TEST
Drive Test is an activity performed to monitor the coverage of the site with respect to signal
strength RSSI and CINR covering the entire cell. This test is performed by driving through each
street and location which the site is covering. Two softwares are used to carry out this activity.
Agilent software for wireless measurements and Global Mapper or Google earth which are GPS
locked and they help you to navigate through the map.LOG of all the points is saved and latter
analyzed using MAP INFO and various results are concluded with respect to the analyzed data. If a
site is facing some issues in terms of coverage the issue is addressed to the FOPS department and
once they have fixed it again drive test is done. Drive test is also carried out initially when a new
site is aired.
Following are the drive tests I assisted during my Internship period:
Drive test for a site in G-6/4.a coverage issue was performed and after the problem was
addressed the drive test was again performed and better results were achieved with Sir
Zeeshan
Drive test for a site in Rawalpindi near Qasim Market and Askari 14 with Sir Zaki
Drive test for a new site in DHA phase 1 covering sector C and E of DHA and some part of
Bahria Town Phase 8 with Sir Zeeshan and Sir Zaki.
A snapshot of the results extracted from a drive test in G-6/4 during internship is shown below:
FIGURE 8 A PICTURE SHOWING THE DRIVE TEST REGION AND THE RSSI VALUE AT EACH POINT BEFORE
AND AFTER FIXING THE PROBLEM
22. 16 | P a g e
MONITORING DIFFERENT KPI’S TREND IN WISTAT
Wistat is a web based server which maintain the information about all the sectors of the network
along with the KPI’s of each sector.there are around 40 Kpi’s in Wistat. Each showing a different
characteristic of the network for example the Network entry success rate ,Downlink Utliziation
,Uplink Frame Erasure Rate and etc. Each day all these Kpi’s are monitored and if any abnormal
trend is monitored the site is addressed to be reset and further actions are taken if the KPI’s don’t
come back to their normal trend.
This activity has been performed on almost the daily basis after the third week. the daily worst
sectors for each date were provided to me which were generally 8-10 in numbers and my task was
to monitor the trend of different Kpi’s and deduce a decision whether the site needs to be restarted
or not. Along with several tasks on Wistat were also assigned off and on during the day.
Monitoring the Kpi’s required a lot of theoretical knowledge about them and once learned it was
very helpful in understanding the trends of the network.
A picture showing half hour analysis of a specific Kpi and a specific sector is shown below:
FIGURE 9 A PICTURE SHOWING UPLINK FRAME ERASURE RATE ANALYSIS OF RWP110C
FROM 24 JULY TO 25TH JULY
23. 17 | P a g e
TASK ON EXCEL FOR ANALYZING HUGE AMOUNT OF DATA
Rf optimization department plays with a huge amount of data showing network performance each
day. Working effectively on Excel can be helpful in sorting out data in a smaller span of time. Each
day several tasks on Excel were assigned to me in order to learn using excel and cater data enteries
around 50,000 professionally. With each passing day the difficulty of the tasks has been increasing
from creating the Pivot table to making MACRO’s. All the due tasks were regularly monitored and
checked in order to make sure they are completed in the due time. These activities have been very
much informative and helpful from the learning point of view.
Some pictures of the work done during the internship are shown below:
FIGURE 10 A PIVOT CHART SHOWING SOME VALUES OF KPI'S AT DIFFERENT TIMES
24. 18 | P a g e
FIGURE 11 IMPLEMENTING CONDITIONS TO EXTRACT A SPECIFIC DATA FROM THE PACKAGE_NAME
CALCULATING MAXIMUM SECTOR UTILIZATION
An activity was performed in order to calculate the maximum utilization of the Sector. The activity
was initiated by the Team Lead and all the members of the department were asked to upload large
files using FILEZILA and monitor the Uplink speed using NETSCAPE. Several results were extracted
from this activity and it was helpful in learning the concept of maximum utilization of the sector.
FREQUENCY PLANNING
WiTribe works on 3 clean Rf channels. A new channel is in the process to be introduced in the
network. A frequency planning is required in order to facilitate it and effectively utilize this new
channel and optimize the coverage of the network. Assisted the Team lead in a small activity related
to its which helped me understand how frequency planning is done.
THEORETICAL LEARNING
TRANSMISSION PLANNING
A brief lecture was given by Sir Zaki on transmission planning covering all theoretical and practical
perspectives used in it. The session was very interesting and full of knowledge.
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WIMAX TECHNOLOGY
A brief overview about the Wimax Technology was given by the Rf operation department. It was
initiated by the team lead and each member of the department added to it further. A healthy session
was conducted with a lot of discussion on several parameters of the system.
Several Reading materials have been shared during the internship period and a lot of small
discussions have been set up whenever I had any problem in understanding the technical things.
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CONCLUSION
Witribe is one of the leading multimedia service providers working on Wimax Technology with a
very cooperative and lively working environment. Internship at Witribe has been a very good
experience. My passion to learn and explore new things has been fully fulfilled in the Rf
Optimization Department and has given me an immaculate vision to pursue my Master Thesis.
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REFERENCES
[1] IEEE. Standard 802.16-2004. Part16: Air interface for fixed broadband wireless access systems.
October2004.
[2] IEEE. Standard 802.16e-2005. Part16: Air interface for fixed and mobile broadband wireless
accesssystems—Amendment for physical and medium access control layers for combined fixed and
mobileoperation in licensed band. December 2005.
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