4. -Medical practice since 1977
-Focuses on Pro-active Medicine
-Provides continuity of Care
-Allows strong patient-physician
relationships
For more info, visit: www.templetondoc.com
5. University of San
Francisco, Bachelor of Science
(1972)
Stanford University School of
Medicine,
Medical Degree (1977)
U.C. San Francisco, Santa Rosa
Internship (1977-78)
U.C. Irvine
Residency (1978-80)
Dr. Alexander Castellanos
Education & Training
6. Trauma Medicine (1978-1985)
Family Medicine (1985-present)
Preceptor for Nurse
Practitioners, Stanford, UCSF,
USF and Davis
Dr. Alexander Castellanos
Work & Experience
7. U.S. Patent Number 7.074,183
-method and system for
improving Vascular Systems in
humans using biofeedback and
network data communications
Dr. Alexander Castellanos
Inventor
8. Breeding and training horses
Martial arts- Aikido instructor
Music- playing the trumpet,
guitar and piano
Running
Home improvement projects
Gardening
Owner/Builder of straw bale
houses
Dr. Alexander Castellanos
Personal Interests
9. San Francisco State University
Bachelor of Science in
Biochemistry (2011)
Office/Research Assistant
Alexander Castellanos M.D., Inc.
(2012-current)
Sierra Vista Volunteer
(2012-current)
John-Lloyd Santamarina
20. Docyo
1. Which of the following beverages will be
most beneficial during physical activity?
a.) Energy Drinks c.) Protein Shakesb.) Gatorade
21. Docyo
2. For optimum performance, which of these
“diets” are most essential?
a.) Saturated and
Unsaturated Fatty
Acids c.) High Protein
b.) Simple and
Complex
Carbohydrates
25. Docyo
Simple carbohydrates = Simple Sugars (only) = Glucose
Simple Carbohydrates
• Most are a form of energy with no nutritional value
• The brain cells need sugar, however too much is bad
• Too many simple sugars will be stored as fat
26. Docyo
Complex Carbohydrates = Simple Sugar + Nutrients
(Minerals and Vitamins) + Fiber
Complex Carbohydrates
• Includes Fiber - Helps for proper functioning of the Digestive
System
• Too much complex carbohydrates are also stored as fat
• Every serving of a whole grain product decreases your risk of
Diabetes Mellitus by 10%
Food =
Carbohydrates=
Calories=
Energy
27. Docyo• The primary function of carbohydrates is to provide energy (as
glucose) for the body, especially the nervous system.
• carbohydrates = total calories, causing obesity
• carbohydrates = malnutrition or fat intake
(to make up for the lost carbohydrates)--
• Most people should get 40% to 60% of total calories from
carbohydrates, preferably from complex and natural sugars (=
calories, vitamins, minerals and fiber)
• Processed or refined simple sugars provide energy, but very
little nutrition. It is wise to limit these sugars
Carbohydrates in Diet
28. Docyo
Proteins
• Proteins are essential in
bodies’ normal functions
• Assists in synthesizing
enzymes and hormones,
maintaining fluid balance, and
regulating vital functions such
as building antibodies
• Building blocks for muscles,
bones, cartilage, skin, hair
and blood
Proteins = Amino Acids = All other types of Protein
29. Docyo
Truth About Protein #1
• Uric acid is a byproduct of purine
metabolism
• Purine is found in most protein rich-
foods
• Uric acid in blood stream =
function of kidneys to eliminate
excess purine
• Uric acid can crystallize = gout
and/or kidney stones
Proteins ≈ Purines = Uric Acid
30. Docyo
Truth About Protein #2
• The body will use Protein as substitutes to
Carbohydrates/Simple Sugars if that is the only thing it has
• Protein metabolism causes excess build up of ketones
• Kidney goes into overdrive to flush excess ketones = may lose
kidney function
• Significant loss of water follows flushing of ketones =
dehydration
Protein in diet + Carbohydrates = Toxic Ketones
31. Docyo• Protein is necessary in diet to help body repair cells
and make new ones; for growth and development;
and to supply the essential amino acids that our
bodies are incapable of synthesizing
• However, too much Protein can have adverse effects
(as previously mentioned)
• It’s recommended to consume 0.36 g of protein for
every pound of body weight and that 10%-30% of daily
caloric intake come from protein
• > 30% can be harmful to your body
Protein in Diet
32. Docyo
Fatty Acids = Hydrocarbon chains = Energy Source
Fatty Acids
• Fats are important for the body for many
functions such as insulating nerve cells, balancing
hormones, maintaining cell membranes, etc.
• They are also an important energy source, > 6x
that of carbohydrates per unit storage of mass
• But too much fat can cause harm: obesity,
atherosclerosis, etc.
• It is important to determine type of fatty acid to
consume as some are better than others
33. Docyo• The long chain of carbon atoms in the molecule
are completely surrounded by hydrogen (all
single bonds)
• Most are solid at room temperature
• Stimulates the body to increase levels of
cholesterol in blood (LDL = bad cholesterol)
Saturated Fatty Acids
34. Docyo• The long chain of carbon atoms in the molecule
have either one (monounsaturated) or more
(polyunsaturated) double bonds
• Most are liquid at room temperature
• Contains essential fatty acids that the body can’t
manufacture (omega 3 and omega 6)
• Linked to HDL production (good cholesterol)
Unsaturated Fatty Acids
35. Docyo• Fatty acids are good energy sources when
carbohydrates are not available
• They are important for many body functions
• However, they stimulate production of cholesterol
(good and bad), and they are very dense in calories
• It is therefore important to keep all fat to a
minimum, especially saturated fatty acids.
• AHA recommends to limit fat intake to 10% to 30% of
total calories, with saturated fatty acids at only 7%
Fat in Diet
36. Docyo
Exercise
• Sedentary lifestyle
dangerous for health
• Tied to diabetes, obesity,
heart disease and
premature death
• Physical activity can help
improve overall fitness
• Two types of exercise:
aerobic and anaerobic
37. Docyo
• oxygen consumption
• aerobic glycolysis for energy
• relatively low intensity
• heart rate
• circulation
• typically long duration
• benefits: cardiovascular system,
stamina, resting heart rate
• examples: running, jogging, swimming, cycling
Aerobic Exercise
38. Docyo
• “without oxygen”
• relatively high intensity
• relies on: muscle ATP reserves,
anaerobic glycolysis, creatine phosphate
• benefits: muscle strength, mass and
flexibility, bone strength
ability to withstand fatigue (lactic acid)
• examples: weight-lifting, sprinting
Anaerobic Exercise
41. Vascular Disease
… the 70,000 miles of Arteries that pump blood through your body.
Cardiovascular Disease effects the Heart and …
42. Docyo
The Normal Artery
Arteries open and close in all
mammals including men and
women
Damage or disease of your
circulatory system is called
Vascular Disease
A normal artery is free of
plaque formation
The artery wall is very thick and
elastic
A healthy artery can do its job
of pushing blood throughout
your body
43. Docyo
Plaque
Plaque is accumulation of
fats including cholesterol
Sever plaque formation
can cause Heart Attacks
and Strokes
44. Docyo Apparent in various arenas (i.e. football, soccer, baseball)
Studies have shown that a significant proportion of players
have potentially life threatening levels of fat and
cholesterol in blood
Increases risk of sudden cardiac death, heart attack and/or
stroke during vigorous activities (such as competitive
sports)
Sports-related sudden death in the general population is
considerably more common than previously suspected
Vascular Disease in Sports
45. Sudden Death in Athletes
“The fragility of life”
Marc-Vivien Foe
Died age 28
June 26, 2003
Hank Gathers
March 4, 1990
46. Too many… Too young
Garrett Uekman
November 20, 2011
Fred Thompson
December 7, 2011
Tyrone Duplessis
February 2, 2012
Matthew Tautulo
January 10, 2012
Gary Tinsley
April 6, 2012
47. Matthew
Hammerdorfer
March 6, 2011
Robert Garza
March 12, 2011
Wes Leonard
March 4, 2011
Javaris Brinkley
March 7, 2011
Sarah Landauer
March 9, 2011
Too many… Too young
48.
49. Docyo
Risk Factors of Vascular Disease
Smoking
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes
High Cholesterol
Anger/Rage
Sedentary Lifestyle
Overweight
Ethnic Characteristics
Family History
51. Docyo Determine Cardiovascular status
Reduce risk factors for Cardiovascular Disease
Improve Cardiovascular health
Improve performance in sports
Goals of the V.I.P.S. Program
52. Take common measurements like BP
and weight
Do a Doppler Waveform analysis of
radial arteries
• Triphasic vs Biphasic vs Monophasic
• High vs Low Peak Velocity
• Wide vs Narrow Waveforms
Determine Cardiovascular Status
53. Provide recommendations in terms of
exercise and nutrition
(dependent of cardiovascular status)
Reduce Risk Factors for
CardioVascular Disease
55. Docyo
Nutritional Guidelines
Water: Drink plenty of water. If you are not urinating every hour
throughout the day, you are not drinking enough water. This may be
more than 8-9 glasses (traditional recommendation)
Breakfast: This is the most important meal of the day. Breakfast should
never be skipped! Enjoy it! Eat a well-balanced meal that consists of
favorite health and low-sugar breakfast foods. This will jumpstart your
day.
Lunch: Lunch is considered by many to be the main meal of the day. A
well-balanced and healthy lunch keeps your body going throughout the
day and well into the night. Eat your protein at this meal.
Dinner: Dinner should be your smallest meal of the day. Bodies will be
stressed because we digest instead of rest. Small amounts of
carbohydrates, no protein at least four hours before retiring.
“Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and dinner like a pauper.”
56. Docyo
Nutritional Guidelines
Dairy: Avoid milk and cheese. Milk contains hormones, fat and can
cause intestinal irritation. Replace with Soy or Rice milk, Yogurt (non-
fat) occasionally. No use of butter or margarine. Use olive oil as a
replacement as much as possible
Meats: 2 (2-4 oz., fist size) servings/week [3-4 for athletes]. This
includes Chicken, Beef, Turkey, Lamb & Pork
Fish: 3 (2-4 oz., fist size) servings/week
Beverages: For better digestion, a minimal amount of beverage should
be taken with meals. In addition, beverages should be taken 30
minutes before or 2 hours after your meal
58. Docyo Intensity
Time of day
80% = aerobic stretches
20% - anaerobic, isometrics
Exercise Guidelines
(dependent on vascular health status)
59. Provide recommendations in terms of
exercise and nutrition
(dependent of cardiovascular status)
Provide weekly reminders (via
email) of recommendations
Reduce Risk Factors for
CardioVascular Disease
60. Reassessment in 6 weeks of
cardiovascular health
For the participants highly motivated to
better your health and keep track of
you progress, you may also visit the
office: Alexander Castellanos M.D. Inc.
once every week, between 12pm-1pm,
M-F to reassess BP, weight, and vascular
status
Hopefully, signs of improvement in
terms of weight, BP and vascular status,
will be apparent at the end of the 6
weeks (or weekly if you choose to visit
the office every week)
Improve Cardiovascular Health
61. KEEP WINNING GAMES!!!!!!
Improve performance in sports
62. Docyo
And you will receive the following
upon completion of program
Commemoration of
participation in the
program
Show college trainers of
progress (pre and post)
Educated in personal
vascular health
awareness
63. Docyo
And you will receive the following
upon completion of program
Pin for
uniform/backpacks/etc.
Remembrance of
participation in program
65. Docyo Head over to the backroom one at a time
Once again, thank you for your time
Good luck and have a great season
We will see you again in 6 weeks
Vascular Assessment
