Spinal nerves and pathways of information- Define-describe the terms b.pdf

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Spinal nerves and pathways of information: Define/describe the terms below and use them to turn this image into a study guide. Pathways of information in spinal nerves: Use the numbers above to fill in the spaces of the namative below. Spinal nerves carry information from various locations to the CNS. As seen in the image above, the original stimulus will be detected by a ( ). Once the stimulus has been converted to an action potential, it will conduct along the length of the ( 3 ) toward the spinal cord. When it reaches the spinal cord, the spinal nerve splits into two parts: a and al Sensory information enters the spinal cord via It is very likely that the cell body of that neuron is found in the ( ). When the action potential enters the spinal cord, the sensory neuron will synapse with a (_) and that will pass through an unmyelinated region of the spinal cord known as a . To exit the spinal cord, the action potential will need to be passed to a neuron known as a that will carry the information out of the spinal cord via the types of If any of the information originetes ord its final destination- any of a number of different would be considered . If the receptors or effectors are associn or skeletal musele, then the pathway muscle, then the pathway is considered.

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Since somathesthetic sensation from each side of the body projects to the contralateral postcentral gyrus _______ must have occurred at some point along the pathway. Solution Answer: Since somathesthetic sensation from each side of the body projects to the contralateral postcentral gyrus _ decussation_ must have occurred at some point along the pathway. Reason: Somatosensory system- decussation: Proprioceptors (receptors of self -sensation & decussation) are present in the joints and skeletal (striated) muscles. These receptors sense the relative position of other body parts and balance the posture. Somathesthetic sensation from each side of the body projects to the contralateral postcentral gyrus to parietal lobe, so that initially decussations must have occurred at some point along the pathway representing a muscular activity. The overall body posture and movement is balanced by the integration of information received from the vestibular system and proprioceptors by the brain. For example, the central information in playing piano is due to severe and increased stimulation of accompanying motor areas such as premotor cortex with proper planning with proprioception for decussation. But the activation of cerebellum is a bit less compared to the propriocetion. Spinocerebellar tracts are more widely projected via dorsal column and to the cerebellum and finally the information is considerably utilized for rhythmic movements. This is pathway mainly involved in the sensory ascending pathways to process sensation & perception through a 3 neuron system finally enable “sensory information” to the central nervous system through sensory receptor to the cortex. This pathway is mainly involved in mediating discriminative touch sensation through adequate proprioception & vibration. This pathway has two white matter tracts profoundly possess a first neuron mainly through fasciculus gracilis in the medial column from lower limb (T6 and lower) & sensory information is obtained through fasciculus cuneatus: of lateral column in upper limb (T5) Features of spinothalamic pathway: This is the sensory pathway mainly involved in processing sensory information of “poorly localized touch, pressure & temperature”. This pathway is going to involve cross of sensory information to the spinal cord prior to ascending via the anterior or spinothalamic & lateral spinothalamic tracts. Interaction of these two pathways: The interaction of these two pathways are mainly through axons & spinaothalamic tracts arising into an ascending pathway to transport to the sensory information processing center in the brain. Mainly spinothalamic neurons are going to use first order neurons, second order neurons, third order neurons to enter spinal cord and synapse through posterior gray horns & these neurons are going to carry sensory information of pain, sensation etc in ventral nucleus group of the thalamus. This information is going to reach through from the Lemniscal pathway finally relaye.

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