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close readinding here are the questions look at the reading then answre the qestions base on the readings the questions 1-Montgomery Schuyler states “conformity to the environment is a prime virtue in domestic architecture”. What can today’s, sustainable architecture learn from the vernacular? 2. Dell Upton identifies four avenues of inquiry that have been pursued in vernacular architectural studies. Discuss two of them and point out their differences. Use examples from the built environment to illustrate your point. 3. Bernard Rudofsky introduces the term “communal architecture”. Define his meaning of the term, give examples and discuss its relevance for today’s practice. .

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The last topic to be covered in this course is Chapter 14, Social Movements. Choose to view one of the movies in this Unit, either The Garden (in English and somein Spanish with English subtitles) or Holding Ground Parts 1 and 2. Then consider the following social justice issues listed below that have impacted physiological, social, psychological and spiritual human behavior and development on the macro (societal) and mezzo (family and community) person and environmental dimensions of human functioning. These issues could serve as the foundation to the creation of a social movement in your local (city, small town), state, or federal level. Choose a topic that you have some passion for that you or others known to you have experienced. If you have your own topic, not on the list, check with the Instructor. Some examples are: Medical health care costs Disability accessibility Housing conditions (lack of or segregated sub-standard housing and rent) Environmental air/ground conditions (e.g. sinkholes in a neighborhood, ground pollution causing birth defects, etc.) Nutrition needs (e.g. hunger, poverty, etc.) Political representation (e.g. lack of access to voter registration, municipal representation, or suppression) Safety measures - (e.g. police profiling, lack of police patrols, neighborhood violence, racial violence) Unemployment – e.g. layoffs, segregated workplaces by gender/race/age Poverty – low income, lack of health insurance, lack of access to payment for medications. High property taxes Neglected or segregated schools Banking and regulatory practices that may profile or discriminate against specified populations Discriminatory practices involving vulnerable minority populations Toxic air/water pollution Conduct a literature review of 10 peer-reviewed sources to research the social justice aspects of your chosen issue and its consequences - e.g. physiological, political, social, psychological, and spiritual consequences on the macro (societal, community) and mezzo (family and community) personal and environmental dimensions. Integrate by way of in-text cited content the research findings into your paper’s content from the Hutchison text - e.g. Chapters 13 on Communities and Chapter 14 on Social Movement and from the supplemental sources. Instructions on how to write a literature review is posted under Assignments. (See above.) Respond to the following:Explain historically how this issue came to be and the current conditions that are impacting on what specific population/s of people. Discuss the importance of your issue. “What are the two or three cultural frames that would motivate people to engage in collective action on this issue….How important do you think emotions are in motivating people to participate in [this] social movement activity (Hutchison, 2019, 450)?” Explain and support your rationale by way of in-text cited content. What “Elite Allies” (p. 436) could be recruited as influential forces to a.

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The last quarter of the 19th century saw a shift within the art world from male-dominated history and genre scenes to female-dominated interiors and landscapes, along with a shift in artistic discourse from the theories of John Ruskin to those of James Abbott McNeill Whistler. Describe the theories of each of these figures and why this shift occurred. Then discuss the differences between the two types of art associated with these theories, using specific examples. 200-300 Words, work sited .

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*The last answer didn't actually help, so I am reposting this.* Performance Management Process Phases Using the internet , research the employee performance management process. There is a wealth of articles and resources for each phase of the process The phases: Establishing Performance Goals Developing Performance Plans Giving and Receiving Feedback Evaluating Performance Identify and explain each phase, then discuss the best practice for that phase. 2-3 pages; Double spaced, APA formatted. Provide links to all resources used for this paper - no need to include citations or a full reference page just the links will do. Please use free web sources. .

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The Lab assignment will be graded out of 100 points. There are multiple parts or tasks that make up each Lab. This document can be downloaded here : Lab4CFall20v1.docx The code you need to start with : Lab4Part1.c The data file you need : Lab4giftList.txt (Note that this file name doesn't match the code so you'll need to adjust that.) Some tasks ask you to write code, and specify what name to use for the file in NetBeans. You need to use exactly the name that is given (do not change the case, or make any other modification). Remember, the name of the main class must match the filename. There are further instructions at the bottom (after the questions) about how to save the file from NetBeans in order to be able to turn it in. For every lab assignment you need to create an answers file. In this answers file you will put in answer any questions that are asked, you will show the output of code that you write and you will reference any code files that you create for a given question. See below for more details about what goes in the answers file. Your answers document needs to be named with your initials and the last four digits of your ID number and then Lab#answers. So if my initials are JCMT and the last four digits of my ID are 1234, then the answers file for my Lab 4 would be JCMT1234Lab3answers . The ONLY acceptable file formats are Word document, OpenOffice document, and PDF. Put your last name, first name and UTA ID in the file on the first line. [-5 deduction if not**] Label the answers for each question with the number/letter of the question. Separate each answer from the next answer by at least two blank lines . [-5 deduction if not**] Include EVERY question number/letter combination from the assignment in your answers document. If the question is a coding question telling you to save a file, for example some question numbered 17.b), then in your answers document you should have a line like the following for question 17.b): 17.b) Please see file Lab1Part3.c for this question.” Put all your question answers the answer document. If the lab question asks you to show the output of a doing some particular thing with the code, then you must also put a screenshot of the output in the answer document. For output that takes up more than one screen, make multiple pictures so that every screen is recorded. If you do not include the screenshots in your answer document, then the questions that should have had screenshots will be considered “Not answered” and will be awarded ZERO 0 points. Each task below will instruct you where to put your answers. If the task says to “Save your program as file XYZ1234Lab1Task1.c ” then this .c file should be turned in as part of the assignment along with the answers file. Every lab assignment has a given due date. No late labs will be accepted. (Five minutes late is still late.) Lab assignments will be posted on Canvas. If you are unable to turn in your .

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“The knowledge of your Learning Patterns provides you with an explanation of how you learn, not an excuse for failing to put forth the effort to learn.” —Christine A. Johnston (2010, p. 107) 4Developing an Adept Mind keithpix/iStock/Thinkstock Learning Outcomes After reading this chapter, you should be able to • Define the term adept mind. • Explain the role critical thinking plays in becoming a successful student. • Demonstrate critical reading within the college learning context. • Describe how your Patterns affect your critical-reading skills. • Demonstrate critical writing within the college learning context. • Describe how your Patterns affect your critical-writing skills. • Explain how critical-thinking skills contribute to academic integrity. “In order to thrive in the 21st Century, intentional learners should be empowered through a mastery of intellectual and practical skills, informed about forms of inquiry, and responsible for their personal actions.” —J. Doherty and K. Ketchner (2005, p. 1) Section 4.2Becoming a Critical Thinker 4.1 The Adept Mind Chapter 3 was devoted to helping you understand how to use metacognition, the learning techniques known as decoding and FITing, and personalized strategies to become a more intentional learner. This chapter builds on that knowledge by framing how to use your Learn- ing Patterns to develop an adept mind. The adept mind helps you succeed in all areas of life. It is one that makes good decisions and can discern the difference between fact and fiction. It studies a situation’s complexity, weighs the facts, examines the logic behind a choice, and determines whether a choice is appropriate. The adept mind is intentional, stable, and often methodical and always seeks to improve its efficiency and effectiveness. The adept mind is vital not only to the work of a student, but also to the experience of being a parent, employee, or volunteer. No matter what you are called on to do in life, you will need an adept mind to navigate the change you encounter and the growth you seek. The adept mind uses the critical skills of thinking, reading, and writing—skills this chapter explores in depth—and uses them with integrity. The word critical is not one students embrace easily. It has a negative connotation and suggests that someone has found fault with something you have done. It conjures up images of a scolding voice, red pen marks, or negative comments. When applied to thinking, reading, and writing, however, the word critical takes on a different meaning. To be critical means to delve deeper into a topic to better understand, evaluate, and take a position on it. As you will see at the end of the chapter, being critical also means becoming able to use your research with honesty and originality. 4.2 Becoming a Critical Thinker When you engage in critical thinking, you embark on an ongoing quest to improve how you think. Thinking critically requires you to b.

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The Kite Runner contains many families that suffer in their own unique way. Two different fathers in the novel both are overbearing in their own way, which leads to their families falling apart. The author uses these families to dimistrait the theme of how overbearing parents will cause their kids to resent their family. The main character Amir's family's major source of unhappiness was Baba's decision to father an illegitimate child with the servant’s son. This created an unhealthy dynamic between The legitimate and illegitimate son where the legitimate son constantly had to fight for and earn his father's affection from the illegitimate son. It got so bad that Amir, the legitimate child, forced the two families to separate. Ironically, Baba showing his son too much affection is what separated them in the end. Amir’s wife Soraya has a broken family of her own. Her father was a famous General back in Afghanistan, but now does nothing but run a resale store as a hobby and cash in welfare checks. He sees himself as above the rest of his countrymen and too important to work labor. While he does nothing to improve his standard of living, he expects his daughter to not only be successful in school but pursue a high-paying job to his specification. This pressure makes Soray act out and rebel, leading her to compromise her Purity Within The Afghani community. This sacrifices her chance at marrying, one of the major ways his family could have moved up socially and economically. Both of these fathers put unrealistic expectations on their children leading to broken families in a different way. Baba’s unrealistic expectations led Amir into destroying the family he loved while Sayora’s father's overbearingness led her to ruin his family’s pride which he valued over everything. .

The Kite Runner contains many families that suffer in their own uniq.docx

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The Key cross-cultural themes of the project are country values and hofstede dimensions. Projects should be 23 pages long. Project framework: Title page, table of contents, introduction, various chapters, conclusion, bibliography, appendics project guidelines Example: different leadership styles - USA, Vietnam and Singapore compared Format of the project: 1. Discuss and analyse the determinants of culture in the country chosed: History, Religion, Social Structure, Political Philosophy, Economy, Language and education 2. Look at Hofstede Dimensions and World Values Survey to find background info 3. Other theoretical Perspectives 4. Conclusion must be about the cultural environment for business in the given country 5. Project Resources: a. Hofstede Home page: http://www.geert-hofstede.com b. World Values Survey: http://www.worldvaluessurvey.com c. CIA World Fact Book: http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html d. Background information: Country statistical organization, the wall street journal, business week, the economist 6. Key Outcomes: a. The demonstration of an ability to discuss and analyse the contents of this module b. The exploration of the different dimensions of the global cultural environment c. The identification of the main issues and challenges relating to culture and its impact on facing businesses today d. Comprehensive business report on the application of the course concept within your own work place or one which you are familiar with 7. Using Harvard Referencing .

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“The kind of relationships that society expects from its citizens and the way it organizes its important institutions – the family, the system of governance and control – can either nurture or stunt people’s impulses to give help to relatives, friends, and needy strangers” (Mandell and Schram, 2012, p. 28). After watching the Meaning of Human Services video, and reflecting on the quote above, use the outline below to describe the history of human services in western society. History of Human Services . Discuss the history of helping behavior and human services in western culture. What factors have influenced our ability and willingness to help society members? Changing Nature of Helping . Describe how societal circumstances shape helping behavior. Explain the principle of reciprocity and its relation to western cycles of giving and helping. Be sure to include such philosophies as means tested vs. universal programs, culture of poverty vs. opportunity theory, etc. Cycles of Helping . Discuss the cycles of helping in the American society as they relate to welfare, juvenile justice, mental illness, and criminal justice. In your opinion, are we doing enough in these areas? If not, why not? Your assignment should be two- to three-pages in length (excluding title and reference pages), and must include a minimum of three scholarly sources to substantiate your argument. At least two of these must be scholarly, peer-reviewed sources that were published within the past five years. Your paper and all sources must be formatted according to the APA guidelines .

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THE KING COMPANY BACKGROUND The King Company experiences many of the difficulties common in today’s business climate. In response to declining sales, the company must transform itself from a strategy of expansion and high profit to one of cost containment and staff reductions.The case discusses the organization and provides details of the human resource department. Also presented are e-mails from various staff members. The e-mails identify specific problems that need to be addressed by the HR department and provides a look at King’s overall culture. You may find the tone of some e-mails to be unprofessional. This is a good lesson for us all--As much as we enjoy informality in the workplace, all documents and correspondence— including e-mails—can be retained and are discoverable in litigation. Managers must be cautious in their writing because inappropriate language may be impossible to defend in court. Employees In the Case: Amera, Argonta---Accounting employee Andreas, Gary---employee on workers’ comp Call, Jake---Compensation & Benefits Manager Dean, Don---C.E.O. Dugas, Karla---Benefits Coordinator Folkner, Meg---Supervisor, CAD Design Grant, Alan---Current HR Director Honduras, Margo---Previous HR Director Jones, Lyle---Production Employee Madison, Charles---Senior V.P. Petersen, Matt---Production Supervisor, Team 3 Planky, Burt---fishing buddy Putt, Tonia---CAD Designer Rey, Dave---Production Foreman Sanders, Tomas---Design Manager Scholl, Karmen---HRD Manager Simms, Bertie---Designer Smith, Mike---V.P. Songun, Amy---Accounting Supervisor Stone, Guy---Production Supervisor Tu, Kevin---Staffing Manager Varn, Juan---Safety & Security Manager Warner, Salty---union promoter White, Shaun---Employee Relations Manager COMPANY BACKGROUND: The King Company is a small manufacturing company located in a mid-sized city in the upper Midwest. King manufactures high-quality specialty components for the computer industry. The company was founded in 1994 by current CEO, Don Dean. Dean was a talented young engineer in Silicon Valley. When the industry hit the skids in the early 1990s, he found himself out the door with little more than an entrepreneurial spirit and a small severance. Dean left California, moved back to his home state and used his severance to finance The King Company, starting the company in small rented quarters in a nearly vacant strip mall. He brought in Cliff Madison early on as chief financial officer. Dean was smart enough to know that he had no head for figures, but Madison did. Madison was an old college buddy, a super accounting wiz, and somebody Dean could trust to squeeze as much mileage as possible out of his severance money. It was a good match. Madison managed the business, and Dean was the idea man and designer of the specialty components, patents of which were the backbone of King’s success. Today, the low-rent strip mall is a part of company history, and King employs 835 full-time workers.

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The Kind of leader I want to beAbout 1 pageTell the type.docx

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The kickback mine What seemed an ordinary case became more intriguing September/October 2012 By J. Aaron Christopher, CFE Tomas Sereda/iStockphoto The author, then an FBI special agent, received a call from Crimson Mine's general counsel who told him he wanted to prosecute a vendor who had been caught overbilling. The author thought that the case would be a routine matter of vendor greed. However, he found additional suspects, and the fraudster also turned out to be a victim in this $550,000 fraud. Learn about the wisdom of early interviews, the problems of "investigative myopia" and the advantages of limiting the scope of a fraud examination to save time and discover evidence.This article is excerpted and adapted from the "Bribery and Corruption Casebook: The View from Under the Table," edited by Dr. Joseph T. Wells, CFE, CPA, and Laura Hymes, CFE, published by John Wiley & Sons Inc. ©2012 Used with permission. Names in this case have been changed. It was a typically slow day at the Bellville, W.V., Residency Agency of the FBI where I served as a special agent. Because I was the only agent with an accounting background, I was the designated white-collar specialist when new cases arose. George Brent, Crimson Mine's general counsel, called to tell me about the recent discovery that one of its vendors had been overbilling, and Brent wanted to prosecute. I first thought that this would be a routine matter of a vendor's greed, and I'd just need to look at how much was taken and try to get the vendor to confess. However, during the course of my investigation, we developed additional suspects, the scheme took a turn in a new direction, and the bad guy actually turned out to be likable and as much a victim as he was a suspect. This would also be one of the largest frauds to ever occur in Bellville. The Crimson Mine had been a major employer in the region for more than 40 years. However, recently two of the three mines had closed, which resulted in a loss of jobs in the area. A large public company, Diversified Holdings Inc., had purchased Crimson a couple of years before we investigated the fraud. The company had a hotline, and its new telephone number was posted in the break room and other places at the mine. It subcontracted out mine support construction to local vendors so that Crimson could focus on mining. Through the years, the company had several different vendors, but for the past five years, it exclusively used Richardson Construction because of its prompt response and excellent work. Keith Richardson moved to Bellville eight years earlier to start a small construction company dedicated to providing specialized metal fabrication to the Crimson Mine and manufacturing companies in the area. When Richardson started, he only had one employee, but over the years he had developed the company into a thriving business with 30 workers. Richardson was proud of his success but also felt a great sense of responsibility to his employees to fin.

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The key issue is why it's challenging to implement transformational change to the organization and why the organizations resist change. Transformational changes are the most difficult since they require radical and significant changes to organizational structures, strategies, culture, and ethics. Describe how organizations develop strategies, routines and processes that make them reliable and accountable to transformational change. Describe bureaucracies, institutionalization, cognitive scripts as factors making organizations more resistant to change. .

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The key aspect of Blanche’s character is fear. The word “ magic” to me means the desire to be forgiven.When Blanche says magic, this shows her self-consciousness unable to deal with her reality thus leading to fantasy. Blanche got married to her husband Allan at a very young age. Being married at a young age is difficult for any young woman. Having to give up your dreams and starting a home with all the responsibilities that come along is quite a challenge.She questioned how she could have been better or the reason as to why her husband cheated. She discovered that her husband was cheating her with a man and this made her feel that that she is not that type of woman that a husband can be satisfied with. Her husband died shortly after their marriage. He committed suicide. The grief of losing a loved one especially a spouse at a young age is beyond comprehension. Everyone wishes to grow old together with their spouse. Blanche loved her husband Allan very much, and this is evident when he died.In fact, she had to go to her sister’s apartment after she engaged herself in promiscuity in a bid to deal with her pain. Even though, that happened after she lost her husband by ten years. She could not bear the pain of losing her home. It must have hurt her so much.It must have made her feel like less a woman.Blanche’s self-esteem took a turn. She felt so low about her appearance and that is when she started dressing scantily to get the attention of other men. She sleeps around with any interested man from her hometown. This behavior may have made her feel that she is still desirable after her husband cheated on her. She sleeps around with men to try and dismiss her feelings of betrayal self-worthlessness. As a result of not being able to deal with her grief and turning into promiscuity, Blanche was chased away from her hotel due to her loose morals. Since she did not have anywhere else to go, she moved in with her sister and brother in law. Blanche did not enjoy her stay here as well, a woman dealing with the pain of low self-esteem would do anything to make herself relevant. During her stay there, she puts herself in a superior position thus that got her loathed. Blanche calls Stanley, her brother-in-law callous names and demeaning her sister makes her feel that she is way above others. She uses that to mask her past and what she has become as a person. Blanche is bitter about life because of all the things that have happened to her. Treating people in a demeaning way makes Blanche feel better because she can hurt people as much as she has gotten hurt before and also numb her pain for a while. Most of the negative things that happen to Blanche are a result of the pain she went through and she is trying to hide that pain which leads her into committing more mistakes.Blanche then finds a job as a teacher, but the glory did not last long. She allegedly slept with one of the students. Despite having a job and a fresh start, the pain wouldn't just go away, .

The key aspect of Blanche’s character is fear. The word magic” t.docx

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The juvenile justice system covers a number of categories of children: delinquent, undisciplined, dependent, neglected, abused, and status offender. As a result, the law has sought to adapt the rights, institutions, and treatment options available to an increasingly diverse juvenile population – gangs, substance abuse, mental health concerns, sexual orientation, cyber-stalking, cyber-bullying, sexual-oriented texting, and school violence. Beginning with the material conveyed in the assigned reading and presentation, select two scholarly articles from the university criminal justice databases, and integrate those resources to discuss the challenges facing the juvenile justice system as it seeks to respond to a perceived need to pursue the “adultification” of juvenile criminal behavior. Finally, integrate within your discussion the impact of a Judeo-Christian viewpoint for treating juvenile criminals as adults. 500 words .

The juvenile justice system covers a number of categories of childre.docx

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The juvenile justice system covers a number of categories of children: delinquent, undisciplined, dependent, neglected, abused, and status offender. As a result, the law has sought to adapt the rights, institutions, and treatment options available to an increasingly diverse juvenile population – gangs, substance abuse, mental health concerns, sexual orientation, cyber-stalking, cyber-bullying, sexual-oriented texting, and school violence. discuss the challenges facing the juvenile justice system as it seeks to respond to a perceived need to pursue the “adultification” of juvenile criminal behavior. Finally, integrate within your discussion the impact of a Judeo-Christian viewpoint for treating juvenile criminals as adults. .

The juvenile justice system covers a number of categories of chi.docx

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The Judgement by Kafka Summary: The leading character Georg writes letter to his friend in Russia, he is struggling about the things to write in the letter The letter is about he getting married However he is not certain about whether he should invite his Russian friend over because of the following reason His friend in Russia is collapsing, yet his business is going on pretty well, thus he think inviting his friend over may make him feel uncomfortable(comparison) The second part of the story, starts off with the scene between him and his father; his father is extremely sick, Georg wants to put him on the bed in order to alleviate his pain, yet his father refuses, thinking that Georg is treating him poorly and wants him to dead Restrained relationship, his mom already passed away, his father has a dominant control over him both physically and mentally In the argument between his father and Georg, it is obvious that they have a pretty bad relationship, and he feel extremely upset and frustrated about his father’s words, thus he sat in the corner of the room. His father then told him “I sentence you to death by drowning.” He gradually becomes more and more upset and eventually jumped off the bridge after he left, and he ultimately drowned him to death. Analysis: Georg is Kafka himself, the Russian friend represents the inner self of everyone that tries to escape from the reality, breaking the constraints of the dull society. His father, however, represents the society himself, indicating the constraints/limitation/expectation brought by the society, the society itself is ultimately bringing us with utter pressure. Georg personally endeavour to obtain his own freedom and independence within the society, yet his father, the society, would still 施加 pressure upon him, regardless of everything he has ever done or accomplished or the parts in him that is good. The Georg represents Kafka himself, although he tries to escape from the reality and write himself, Before the Law — Kafka: Summary: There’s a man who tries to find the law, the law locates behind a gate, which is guarded by a doorkeeper. The man claims for bribery, saying that he could offer anything the doorkeeper wants in order to pursue the law(Already breaking the law) The doorkeeper keeps everything he offers, still refusing to let him enter. However, the doorkeeper said regarding all the things he has given to him, he is able to let him stay in front of the door. The man does not give up, and he waited for a long time, and he eventually dies in front the door. Realizing the fact that this man is already dead, the doorkeeper still won’t let him in, and ultimately close the door. Analysis: The law could be think as the essence of life, or the truth, and everyone who thinks they could obtain it, they can’t, and no one could ever obtained it, regardless of anything you have offered/sacrificed to obtain it. Stati.

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The Journal of Systems and Software 120 (2016) 31–69 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect The Journal of Systems and Software journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jss Cloud migration process—A survey, evaluation framework, and open challenges Mahdi Fahmideh Gholami a , ∗, Farhad Daneshgar a , b , Graham Low a , Ghassan Beydoun c a Information Systems, Technology and Management Australian School of Business, University of New South Wales, West Wing Room 2106, Quadrangle Building, Sydney 2052, Australia b Bangkok University, Bangkok, Thailand c School of Management, Leadership and Information Systems, University of Technology Sydney, Australia a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 15 December 2015 Revised 17 April 2016 Accepted 27 June 2016 Available online 28 June 2016 Keywords: Cloud migration Legacy application Evaluation framework Migration methodology Process model Cloud computing a b s t r a c t Moving mission-oriented enterprise software applications to cloud environments is a crucial IT task and requires a systematic approach. The foci of this paper is to provide a detailed review of extant cloud migration approaches from the perspective of the process model. To this aim, an evaluation framework is proposed and used to appraise and compare existing approaches for highlighting their features, simi- larities, and key differences. The survey distills the status quo and makes a rich inventory of important activities, recommendations, techniques, and concerns that are common in a typical cloud migration process in one place. This enables both academia and practitioners in the cloud computing community to get an overarching view of the process of the legacy application migration to the cloud. Furthermore, the survey identifies a number challenges that have not been yet addressed by existing approaches, developing opportunities for further research endeavours. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1 a a e c t a t r a b m g K d f s o f f b o t a d m a m e t a h t e d a i m s o l h 0 . Introduction Many enterprise software applications that support IT functions re characterized by the need for high computing capability, scal- bility, and resource consumption ( Buyya et al., 2009; Armbrust t al., 2010 ). In recent years, cloud computing initiatives have re- eived significant attention towards addressing these requirements hrough offering services in various forms such as SaaS (software s a service), PaaS (platform as a service), and IaaS (infrastruc- ure as a service) which are universally accessible, acquirable, and eleasable on the fly, and payable on the basis of service usage mount. Given these advantages, many IT-based organisations have een interested in moving their legacy assets to cloud environ- ents. It is estim.

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THE JOURNAL OF SPECIAL EDUCATION VOL. 38/NO. 2/2004/PP. 95–103 95 It is indisputable that the identification of autism is significantly on the rise. Concomitantly, there has been a steady and steep increase in autism litigation (Zirkel, 2001). The most controversial segment of this litigation, which focuses on the appropriateness of applied behavior analysis (ABA) programs, has been subjected to insufficient systematic study. The purpose of this study is to analyze the pertinent case law related to the two central issues of contention between parents and school districts—program selection (i.e., the choice between competing instructional approaches) and implementation of said program (e.g., its location, duration, or frequency)—in terms of winning parties (i.e., district or parent) and in terms of identifying the factors noted in the cases related to the outcome. This review of the literature addresses the current definitions of autism, ABA and its primary competing instructional approach, and the previous research on autism litigation. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric As- sociation, 1994) defines autism under the umbrella category of Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD), while medical pro- fessionals refer to both PDD and autism as autistic spectrum disorder (ASD; Filapek et al., 1999). Regardless of the nomen- clature used, ASD and PDD refer to the same continuum of behaviors with a cluster of unusual characteristics: lack of social responsiveness, delays in speech or inadequate quality of speech, restricted or stereotypic interests, delays or abnormal- ities in social interaction, and lack of symbolic play (DSM-IV). On the other hand, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) regulations (1999) define autism as follows: The “Discrete Trials” of Applied Behavior Analysis for Children with Autism: Outcome-Related Factors in the Case Law Claire Maher Choutka, Patricia T. Doloughty, and Perry A. Zirkel, Lehigh University This study provides an analysis of case law concerning applied behavior analysis (ABA) for students with autism to determine outcome-related factors. The authors classified the 68 pertinent hearing/ review officer and court decisions published in EHLR (Education for Handicapped Law Report) and IDELR (Individuals with Disabilities Education Law Report) into 2 groups representing the central issues of contention between parents and districts—program selection (e.g., instructional approach) and program implementation (e.g., its location, duration, or frequency). For both groups, the outcomes, in terms of who won, did not favor either parents or districts. The three factors predominantly associated with wins by either party for both groups of decisions were testimony of witnesses, documentation of progress, and Individualized Education Program elements. A developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal .

THE JOURNAL OF SPECIAL EDUCATION VOL. 38NO. 22004PP. 95–103.docx

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The Journal of Systems and Software 119 (2016) 87–108 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect The Journal of Systems and Software journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jss Challenges and success factors for large-scale agile transformations: A systematic literature review Kim Dikert a , Maria Paasivaara a , b , Casper Lassenius a , b , ∗ a School of Science, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Aalto University, Finland b Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, United States a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 6 October 2015 Revised 5 June 2016 Accepted 6 June 2016 Available online 7 June 2016 Keywords: Agile software development Organizational transformation Large-scale agile Adopting agile software development Challenges Success factors Systematic literature review a b s t r a c t Agile methods have become an appealing alternative for companies striving to improve their performance, but the methods were originally designed for small and individual teams. This creates unique challenges when introducing agile at scale, when development teams must synchronize their activities, and there might be a need to interface with other organizational units. In this paper we present a systematic literature review on how agile methods and lean software development has been adopted at scale, focusing on reported challenges and success factors in the transformation. We conducted a systematic literature review of industrial large-scale agile transformations. Our keyword search found 1875 papers. We included 52 publications describing 42 industrial cases presenting the process of taking large-scale agile development into use. Almost 90% of the included papers were experience reports, indicating a lack of sound academic research on the topic. We identified 35 reported challenges grouped into nine categories, and 29 success factors, grouped into eleven categories. The most salient success factor categories were management support, choosing and customizing the agile model, training and coaching, and mindset and alignment. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ). 1 t a c n i p c p i c h I b p t I ( a l c I a t m o c w i t ( r t i p h 0 . Introduction Agile methods were originally designed for use in small, single- eam projects ( Boehm and Turner, 2005 ). However, their shown nd potential benefits have made them attractive also outside this ontext, particularly both for larger projects and in larger compa- ies. This despite the fact that they are more difficult to implement n larger projects ( Dybå and Dingsøyr, 2009 ). Compared to small rojects, which are ideal for agile development, larger ones are haracterized.

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