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Module 6
Development of E-Content & IPR
The Library Management System (LMS), also referred to as Integrated Library System (ILS), is
the lynchpin of library automation. The LMS, or ILS as he refers to it, is succinctly defined by
Müller as "multifunction, adaptable software applications that allow libraries to manage, catalog
and circulate their materials to patrons".This definition neatly encapsulates the twin functions of
the LMS: backend, automating the library's management of its collection, and front end,
discovery focused, enabling patrons to browse and use its collection.As libraries evolved to the
demands of the 21st century however, requirements became ever more complex. All libraries
have to deliver to the patron whenever, wherever, and increasingly on whatever platform he or
she chooses, including mobile devices.
Integrated library (automation) systems (ILS) provide libraries with a variety
of integrated computerized functions—Cataloging, Circulation, (Online Public Access Catalog)
OPAC, Acquisitions, and Serials Control.
An automatic library system generally consists of a selection of purposeful modules, like
acquisitions, serials, cataloging, circulation, and also an OP AC (Online Public Access Catalog).
An "integrated" library system is actually an automatic system, as discussed above, in which all
the purposeful modules share a typical bibliographic database.
Integrated Library along with Integrated Library Software System are actually encompassing
terms. Likewise, Integrated Library Management Systems (ILMS) and Integrated Online Library
System (IOLS) are directly connected phrases. Integrated Library Software when utilized to be
mainly as a bibliographic storage as well as retrieval system for acquisitions records, serial,
circulation, and catalog. Integrated internet library systems these days are believed to be a part of
the "knowledge" or maybe "information" software network which manages an institution's
external and internal database resources. This particular pattern provides info professionals with
new challenges.
Benefits of an Integrated System
• An integrated device is better in a number of ways to one which isn't integrated.
• The duplication of hard work to develop and keep several copies of bibliographic information
is eliminated at an integrated system.
• Possibilities for mistakes are reduced when files are entered only one time, and changes are
instantly propagated all over the system.
• Library staff along with patrons are able to get access to other relevant info at one location.
Softwares used in India
CDS/ISIS
CDS/ISIS (Computerized Documentation System/Integrated set of info System), created by
UNESCO is actually a menu driven generalized information storage as well as retrieval system
created especially for the structured non numerical databases. The software is extremely
beneficial and quick in producing bibliographical databases for info storage and retrieval.
Nevertheless, the menus offered in the package deal aren't enough for other services and
housekeeping operations like circulation and acquisition.
LibSys
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LibSys is actually an integrated library software created by InfoTek Consultants Pvt. Ltd., New
Delhi. The constant development of it’s for the previous fifteen years, makes LibSys a de facto
standard for libraries in India. The acceptance of its in market that is worldwide more has
strengthened the reputation of it’s throughout the nation as the most area confirmed library
system in a large spectrum of libraries with unmatchable level of features as well as
functionality. Adherence of LibSys to standards like Z39.50 and MARC causes it to be ideal for
cooperative media as well as resource sharing. As LibSys is able to manage digital contents
together with different multimedia documents as well as electronic online resources,
implementation of a virtual library is actually a clear likelihood.
Troodon
Comtek Services Private Limited has created Troodon, an user friendly an integrated multi user
as well as retrieval software program for library automation covering Library operations as per
regular methods such as for instance Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC), Circulation
influence, Acquisition influence, Serials management & Data maintenance. Troodon is an
integrated program linking all the appropriate features in the library.
SLIM
Thin library management software is actually a solution of Algorhythms Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
Pune, started in 1989. The software is continually upgraded to stay in the cutting edge of
technological advancements in the area of IT also to cater to the transforming scenarios in
controlling libraries. Thin is actually a 32-bit application created on the Windows platform.
Techlib Plus
Techlib is actually an integrated library management remedy for digital and traditional
collections which offers libraries with an infrastructure to control digital papers, Internet
resources, and multimedia coupled with print materials. Basis TechLib Plus is actually an
integrated library software created by Information Dimensions, USA. Basis TechLib is actually
Open Text's update of the character cellular merchandise TechlibPlus, an integrated library
software which was brought to the library group in 1989 by Information Dimensions (IDI).
SOUL
SOUL (Software for Faculty Libraries) is actually created by INFLIBNET Centre, Ahmedabad.
Among the goals of the INFLIBNET Centre was developing a Library Management Software for
automating the faculty libraries. Keeping in view the newest trends in Information Technology,
it's created a Windows based Library Management Software called "SOUL".
SOUL manages Indian languages/scripts by utilizing ISM Publisher and GIST of C DAC. It
adheres to other international standards like MARC twenty one, ISBD, ISDS, AACR2, Language
Codes ISO 639:1988, Country Codes ISO 3166, ISO 2709 format, etc for other functions and
data input
Librarian
LIBRARIAN, a library management software, is actually created by Soft AID Computers (P)
Ltd, Pune. It's a comprehensive Library Management Software able to handle all of the
functionalities of the library home keeping operations as well as info services.
E-Shodhsindhu : The Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) initiated e-
ShodhSindhu (eSS) Consortium by merging UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium,
NLIST and INDEST-AICTE Consortium. The INFLIBNET Centre, as a nodal agency for eSS
and UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium deals with e-resources, payments process,
usage analysis, etc. The consortium is intended to provide current and archival access to more
than 15,000 core peer-reviewed journals and online databases in different subjects from a large
number of publishers to its member institution.
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The major objective is to provide access to electronic resources i.e. e-books, e-journals, e-journal
archives, online databases to its member institutions at negotiated rates of subscription. The
objectives of the eSS consortium are as follows:
To develop collection of e-journals, e-journal archives and e-books on perpetual access
basis
To promote usage of e-resources in its member universities, colleges and technical
institutions in India through awareness and training programmes,
To provide access to subscription based scholarly information like- e-books and e-
journals to all educational institutions
To provide access to scholarly contents available in open access through subject portals
and subject gateways
To bridge digital divide and move towards an information-rich society
To initiate additional activities and services that require collaborative platform and are
not being performed by existing consortia, and
To move towards developing a National Electronic Library with electronic journals and
electronic books as its major building blocks
E-Shodhganga : Shodhganga" is the name coined to denote digital repository of Indian
Electronic Theses and Dissertations set-up by the INFLIBNET Centre. Shodhganga
provides a platform for research scholars to deposit their Ph. D. theses and make it available to
the entire scholarly community in open access.
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Refer : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DtMUZ1UW0rI
E-Journals : An electronic journal is a periodical publication which is published in electronic
format, usually on the Internet. Electronic journals have several advantages over traditional
printed journals:
1. You can search the contents pages and/or the full text of journals to find articles on a certain
subject.
2. You can read journal articles on your desktop, you don't have to be in the Library.
3. You can e-mail articles to yourself or download them for printing.
4. The article that you want to read will always be available, even when the Library is closed.
5. Hypertext links allow you to move to different sections within individual journals or articles
and can link you to related resources on the Internet.
6. Journals can include more images and audio-visual material.
7. Journals can be interactive - you can e-mail the author or editor with your comments.
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Electronic issues of journals and articles to periodicals the library subscribes in. It consists of
Full-text and Bibliographic Databases. Full- text databases contain the whole content of an
article such as citation information, text, illustrations, diagrams and tables. Bibliographic
databases only contain citation information of an article, such as author’s name, journal title,
publication date and page numbers. An e-database is an organized collection of information. It
supports flexible and in-depth searching of different fields, e.g. journal title, article title, author,
abstract, year, etc. We can only search for journal title in the Library Catalogues, but not the title
or author of individual articles. Therefore, e-database is extremely useful to find out the articles
on particular topics, e.g. Peer assessment in classroom. A particular journal articles can retrieve
from e-database, which could not find the same information via the Library Catalogue. .
Electronic journals also offer benefit of full text searching and downloading of articles. Many
publishers of electronic journals offer their journals through consortia of libraries at much lower
rates. INDEST and INFLIBNET are two such consortia operating in India. Access to articles in
electronic journals can also be made through aggregator services which offer searchable
databases of contents of e-journals from several publishers, and links to journal site for full text.
Emerald, OCLC and J-Gate are some of the example of e-journal aggregator services. The main
disadvantage of electronic journal is that libraries cannot physically posses the journals.
Advantages of E-Journals:
E-journals are becoming increasingly in demand both as a means of rapid desktop access to
current research materials and as a way to view past volumes. E-journals offer a range of
potential advantages to libraries and end-users:
1. Allows remote access.
2. Can be used simultaneously by more than one user.
3. Provides timely access and at the rate of 24 X 7 X 365 formula.
4. Supports different searching capabilities.
5. Accommodates unique features (e.g. Links to related items, reference linking)
6. Saves physical storage space.
7. Supports multimedia information.
As a result of the above advantages, libraries today buy licenses for an ever-increasing number of
Electronic Journals from a range of different publishers and providers, and use a diverse set of
technologies for information delivery.
Categories of E-Journals:
Based on the level of content e-journal can be classified as:
a. Scholarly or research e-journal.
b. Popular or general public e-journal.
c. Industry or Trade e-journals.
Based on availability and pricing e-journals may be categorized as followings:
Free online e-journal: The journals, which are totally free in online. Such as Fulltext Database/
service.
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Free along with print subscription e-journal: The journals, which online access are free and
also provide print subscription. i.e. Cambridge University Press, John Hopkins University Press,
Oxford University press.
Priced e-journal: The journals, which are online and priced marginally less than the printed
version. i.e. Blackwell, Blackwell Navigator etc.
E-Books : e-book, in full electronic book, digital file containing a body of text and images
suitable for distributing electronically and displaying on-screen in a manner similar to a
printed book. E-books can be created by converting a printer’s source files to formats optimized
for easy downloading and on-screen reading, or they can be drawn from a database or a set of
text files that were not created solely for print.
An ebook is a text presented in a format which allows it to be read on a computer or handheld
device. Many titles which are available in printed versions can be read as ebooks, including
bestselling fiction, classics and reference texts. Ebooks are also used to make out-of-print work
available, or to bypass print altogether, as with new works by aspiring authors. Ebooks can
consist simply of the electronic text or may also contain extras, such as audio, video or
hyperlinks.
What are the advantages of ebooks?
· Speed: providing the title you want is available, the book can be downloaded immediately
· Portability: a number of books can be carried on one device - ideal for travellers. PDAs are the
perfect medium for guidebooks
· Print on demand: books need no longer go out of print
· Interactivity: readers can also take notes, underline, bookmark pages, search and gain extra
information through hyperlinks
· Personalisation: the back-lighting and font size can be increased - ideal for the visually
impaired
· Add-ons: many ebooks have searchable text, dictionaries or other features
· Open market: by publishing electronically, writers can bypass the publishing process
· Environmentally friendly: paper-free books save trees
What are the disadvantages of ebooks?
· The number of books available in ebook format is still quite limited
· If downloaded on to a computer, ebooks cannot be printed out
· Many ebooks are not available in a Mac-friendly format
There are also many options for free E-books on the Internet. Here are some of the most
popular and well known sites:
Google Books - Titles in the public domain or not copyrighted are freely available.
Other titles have previews or snippets available
HaithiTrust Digital Library - A partnership of major research institutions and
libraries working to ensure that the cultural record is preserved and accessible long into
the future (HaithiTrust titles are available in Quick Search)
Project Gutenberg - over 40,000 free E-books from the first E-book website
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The Online Books Page - over 1 million free E-books from the University of
Pennsylvania
Feedbooks - public domain and "original" E-books available for free
Girlebooks - Includes classic and contemporary E-books by female writers
Internet Archive
Manybooks - over 29,000 E-books
Open Library - Attempting to create "One web page for every book ever published"
Scribd - a document-sharing website where people "publish" and share their writing
Suvudu -Science fiction E-book
E-Pathshala : e-PG Pathshala is an initiative of the MHRD under its National Mission on
Education through ICT (NME-ICT) being executed by the UGC. The content and its quality
being the key component of education system, high quality, curriculum-based, interactive e-
content in 70 subjects across all disciplines of social sciences, arts, fine arts and humanities,
natural & mathematical sciences, linguistics and languages have been developed by the subject
experts working in Indian universities and other R & D institutes across the country.
e-PGPathshala is a one portal under which High quality, curriculumbased,interactive content in
different subjects across all disciplines of social sciences, arts, fine arts & humanities, natural &
mathematical sciences, linguistics and languages is being developed. MHRD, under its National
Mission on Education through ICT (NMEICT), has assigned work to the UGC for development
of e-content in 68 subjects at postgraduate level. The content and its quality is the key
component of education system.
The students and teachers can use this e-content as an Open Educational Resource (OER) or as
resource material in a Flipped Classroom model where, in contrast to the conventional classroom
teaching, the students watch the 2 video lecture/study material at home and classroom is used for
discussions and critical thinking including discussion/problem solving and assignments with the
help of teachers and peers.
The objectives of e-PG Pathshala are as follows: I) Develop e-content in 70 subjects at PG
level drawing expertise from subject experts in colleges and universities; ii) Make e-content
available to students and peers using different delivery modes such as OER to impart formal and
informal education and for supplementing and complementing the process of teaching and
learning in higher education; and iii) Promote usage of e-content amongst students and peers.
CEC (UG) : The Consortium for Educational Communication (CEC) is one of the Inter
University Centres set up by the University Grants Commission of India. Established in 1991,
addresses the needs of higher education through powerful media like Television along with the
appropriate use of emerging Information Communication Technology (ICT). Today, CEC’s 21
Media Centres are working towards achieving this goal. In view of the potential of CEC, MHRD,
New Delhi designated CEC as National Coordinator for Undergraduate MOOCs and 11
SWAYAM Prabha DTH Channels. CEC has one of the largest repositories of digital educational
content in the country. Today, CEC’s repository includes more than 40,000 video programs,
24,000 e-content modules and as a National Coordinator CEC has developed around 322
Undergraduate MOOCs covering Arts, Literature, Language, Social Sciences, Natural and
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Applied Sciences and Management and Professional courses.The Consortium for Educational
Communication popularly known as CEC is one of the Inter University Centres set up by the
University Grants Commission. It has been established with the goal of addressing the needs of
Higher Education through the use of powerful medium of Television alongwith the appropriate
use of emerging Information Communication Technology (ICT). Realizing the potential and
power of television to act as means of Educational Knowledge dissemination, UGC started the
Countrywide Classroom Programmes in the year 1984. For production of educational
programmes, initially Media Centres were set up at 6 Universities. Subsequently CEC was setup
in 1993 as a nodal agency to coordinate, guide & facilitate such educational programme
production through its Media Centres. Today 22 Media Centres now known as Educational
Multimedia Research Centres (EMRCs) are working towards achieving this goal under the
umbrella of CEC.
Objectives of CEC :Close Coordination, facilitation, overall guidance and direction towards the
activities of the Media Centres set up by the UGC in various Universities throughout the country.
Dissemination of Educational programmes through broadcast as well as non-broadcast modes.
Production of Educational programmes (Audio/Visual and Web Based) and related support
material further setting up of appropriate facilities for such production. Research activities
related to optimizing the effectiveness of such programmes. Providing a forum for the active
involvement of academic and other scholars in the creation of appropriate educational
programmes. Studying, promoting & experimenting with new technology that will increase the
reach and / or effectiveness of educational communication.
NMEICT : The National Mission on Education through Information and Communication
Technology (NMEICT) has been envisaged as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme to leverage the
potential of ICT, in teaching and learning process for the benefit of all the learners in Higher
Education Institutions in any time any where mode.
The Mission has two major components:
Providing connectivity, along with provision for access devices, to institutions and learners;
Content generation.
Initiatives under the Program
SWAYAM: The Study Webs of Active Learning for Young Aspiring Minds' (SWAYAM)
is an integrated platform for offering online courses, covering school (9th to 12th) to
Postgraduate Level. The online courses are being used not only by the students but also by
the teachers and non-student learners, in the form of lifelong learning.
SWAYAM Prabha: It is an initiative to provide 32 High Quality Educational Channels
through DTH (Direct to Home) across the length and breadth of the country on a 24X7
basis.
National Digital Library of India (NDL): It is a project to develop a framework
of virtual repository of learning resources with a single-window search facility.
Presently, there are more than 3 crore digital resources available through the NDL.
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Spoken Tutorial: They are 10-minute long, audio-video tutorial, on open source software,
to improve employment potential of students. It is created for self learning, audio
dubbed into 22 languages and with the availability of online version.
Free and Open Source Software for Education (FOSSEE): It is a project promoting the
use of open source software in educational institutions. It does that through instructional
material, such as spoken tutorials, documentation, such as textbook companions,
awareness programmes, such as conferences, training workshops, and internships.
Virtual Lab: This is a project to develop a fully interactive simulation environment to
perform experiments, collect data, and answer questions to assess the understanding of the
knowledge acquired. There are about 225 such labs operational, with more than 1800
experiments that benefitted more than 15 lakhs students.
E-Yantra: It is a project for enabling effective education across engineering colleges in
India on embedded systems and robotics. More than 275 colleges across India have
benefited with this initiative.
