in this ppt we are expalining the concept of technology strategy... it belongs to the subject technology manegement .

1. TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY

2. WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY ?
• According to Oxford English Dictionary --- the
word ‘Strategy’ means:
– A plan designed to achieve a long-term aim
– The planning and directing of military activity in
a war or battle.
• According to Mintzberg and Quinn, a strategy is
the pattern or plan that integrates a nation’s or
organization’s major goals, policies and action
sequences into a chosen whole.

3. WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY ?
• A strategy serves to allocate a nation’s or
organization’s resources into a unique and viable
posture which is based on its strengths and
weaknesses, and anticipated changes in the
environment.
• Technology Strategy is the way or plan of
attaining technological goals and technological
changes.
• Technology strategies are formulated at the
national level and at the enterprise level.

4. TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AT NATIONAL LEVEL
• At national level, two types of strategy options are
usually explored i.e internalisation oriented strategy &
externalisation oriented startegy. A nation may adopt
any of the two technology strategy or suitable
combination of both.
Internalization Oriented Strategy
• This strategy aims at seeking technological development
with an objective to become internally self reliant.
• This strategy aims at seeking technology transfer by
TNCs / MNCs via Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).
• The strategy seeks proactive role in attracting TNCs /
MNCs and focusses on ensuring a stable macro-economic
environment & good supportive infrastructure.

5. TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AT NATIONAL LEVEL
Externalization Oriented Strategy
• This strategy aims at seeking technological development
with an objective to tap external market.
• Under this strategy, there is restricted role for FDI.
This strategy seeks to foster / encourage indigenous
technology development i.e developing domestic
technology capabilities in general or in selected
strategic industries.
• Some examples of this type of strategy are : Minority
joint ventures (with minor share to foreign
collaborator), Technolgical assitance to domestic firms,
Encouraging import of capital Goods

6. TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AT ENTERPRISE LEVEL
• According to Bentz, Martino & Mintzberg
Technological Strategy at enterprise level means
--- “A formal set of enterprise intentions that
allocates available resources and sets priorties
based on clearly stated technological and
enterprise objectives and a perceived environment
in which the process is to be embedded.

7. TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AT ENTERPRISE LEVEL
According to Porter- following three factors influence
enterprise’s Technology Strategy :
• Sustainability of technological lead : Technological
leadership can be sustained only if competitors
cannot copy it.
• First mover advantages : Enterprise gets many
advantages like increased reputation, pre-empting
competition, early profits, new sales etc,

8. TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AT ENTERPRISE LEVEL
• First mover disadvantages – Certain disadvantages
and risks can adversly affect the first mover like
cost of regulatory approvals, cost of educating
buyers, demand uncertainity, low cost imitation by
competitors, risk of technological discontinuities of
existing technology / products / processes

9. TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AT ENTERPRISE LEVEL
Based on factor analysis, an enterprise may adopt any
of following technology strategies.
• Technology Leadership Strategy – Under this
strategy, a firm seeks to be the first to introduce
technological changes / innovations.
• Technology Followership Strategy – A conscious &
active strategy, by which a firm chooses not to be
first on innovations.