1. Entry slip: What is the function of smooth muscle in
arteries?
Lesson 4.5- Compare and contrast the
characteristics of different blood groups.
(pp306-307) of Biology-McGraw-Hill Ryerson)
I. Terms:
a.Blood Group:
i. a.k.a “blood type”
ii. classification system for RBC’s based
on CHO located on the surface of the
RBC’s
iii. the blood group that you have is
inherited from your parents

2. iv. There are over 30 different “groups”
of blood, but we will learn about two
of them, the “ABO” group and the
“Rh” group
b. Antigens: Special CHO on the surface of
the RBC
c. Anti-bodies: Free-floating particles in the
blood plasma that will attack viruses or
bacteria that may have infected our
bodies
d.Hemolytic reaction: a reaction where
some of you RBC’s literally explode; this
can cause damage to organs and even
death
II. “ABO” Blood Group:
a.The surface of a person’s RBC’s have
either:
i. “A” antigens (Type A blood)
ii. “B” antigens (Type B blood)
iii. Both “A” and “B” antigens (Type AB
blood)

3. iv. Neither “A” nor “B” antigens (Type O
blood)
b.Anti-bodies present:
i. Type A blood has “anti-B” antibodies,
that will attack “B” antigens
ii. Type B Blood have “anti-A”
antibodies, that will attack “A”
antigens
iii. Type AB blood has no antibodies
present
iv. Type O blood has both “anti-A” and
“anti-B” antibodies and will attack “A”
and “B” antigens
c. Blood Transfusions:
i. When a person is having surgery or
sustained a major injury where they
lost a lot of blood, he or she may have
to get a blood donation from another
person. It is important to know the
blood group of both the donor and
the recipient or else the anti-bodies

4. will attack the antigens on the RBC’s,
causing a hemolytic reaction – the
RBC’s blow up!
ii. Type A blood can get donations from
A and O blood
iii. Type B Blood can get donations from
B and O blood
iv. Type AB blood can get donations
from ALL GROUPS
v. Type O blood can get donation only
from O blood
III. “Rh” Blood group
a. The second most important blood group,
first discovered in the Rhesus (Rh) species
of monkey
b.You either have the Rh “factor” or not
(85% of us do have it)
c. The surface of the RBC’s have:
i. “Rh” antigens (type Rh+ blood)
ii. No “Rh“ antigens (type Rh– blood)

5. d.Anti-bodies present
i. There are no anti-bodies in a person
who is Rh+ or Rh-
ii. However, in a person who is Rh-, if
they were to receive blood from a
person who is Rh+, anti-Rh antibodies
would form in his/her blood after the
transfusion
iii. For this person, if they should receive
a second transfusion of Rh+ blood,
the anti-Rh antibodies would attack
the Rh antigens and cause a
hemolytic reaction!
IV.Blood typing:
a.For the purposes of tracking your blood,
most health-care systems in the world
classify your blood based both on your
“ABO” grouping and “Rh” grouping.
i. Ex1: if you have type “A” blood and
Rh+ blood, your blood will be
classified as A+.

6. ii. Ex2: if you have type “O” blood but
do not have the Rh factor, your blood
will be classified as O-.
V. Youtube search:
a. “ABO Blood Types” – Mr.Biology1
b.“Blood Grouping”-neurocirujo
I. Homework Assignment:
a.Complete handout “4.5 Study Questions”
b.Due FOR COMPLETION CHECK next class.