short description about schizophrenia .hope so you all will like it.

1. ANGELINE
B.SC NURSING 3RD YR
TRIBAL COLLEGE OF NURSING SIDROL.

3. GENERAL INTRODUCTION :-
 It is type of psychotic disorder and are mental
disorder in which the personality is seriously
disorganized and a persons in contact with the
reality is impaired .
 The word schizophrenia was coined by Swiss
psychiatrist EUGEN BLEULER in 1908 .
 it is derived from two greek word called ;
 skizo-split
 Phren - mind

4. DEFINITION :-
 Schizophrenia is one of the severest form of mental
illness and the cause and process of schizophrenia
is still not understood because of the nature of
schizophrenia it had been often interpreted as
being possessed by demons.
 It is an serious brain disorder that distort the way a
person think,act,expresses emotion perceives
reality and relates to other .

5. CONTD..
 It is common type type of psychosis characterized
by hallucination or delusion personality changes ,
withdrawl,serious thought ,speech, disturbances
etc.
 Schizophrenia is a psychotic condition condition
characterized by disturbances in thinking emotion
,volition and faculties in the presence of clear
consciousness which leads to social withdrawal .

6. EPIDEMIOLOGY :-
 Schizophrenia occurs equally in males and
females.
 The peak age of onset are :-
MALES: 15-
25yr, 20-
28yr.
Females:
26-32yr,
25-35yr.

7. CAUSES/AETIOLOGY:-
Exact causes is till yet not known but some
causes are there on the basis of which real
illness can be illustrated;
Genetic
cause
Chemical factor
Brain
abnormality
Psychological factor
Environmental
factor

8. CONTD…
Predisposing
factor
Perpetuating
factor
Precipitating
factor
Family studies,twin
studies, adoption
studies,personality,
Psychological causes
Family is the main
cause.
1) Deviant role
relationship
2) Disorderd family
communication
3) Social factor.
1. Physical illness
and child bearing
2. Psychosocial
stresses
3. Biochemical
reaction

9. The left brain is diagnosed with
schizophrenia. The brain on
the right is healthy. The
schizophrenic’s fluid-filled
areas are larger.
Johan and Ad van Bennekom are
identical twins, both diagnosed
with schizophrenia.

10. PSYCHOPATHOLOGY:-

Primitive impulse/pleasure
Ego Narcistic
behaviour
Stress from
external world
Ego disintegration
Coping fails
Defense
Denial,projection,rationalization
Aggression
Hostility
Maladaptive
behaviour

11. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION :-
 It means good. It means bad
 Delusion 1. lack of emotion , expression
thought,mood.
 Hallucination 2. withdrawl from family friend
and social activity .
 Bizarre behaviour 3.reduce energy .
 Aggression
 Agitation 4.lack of motivation
 Suspiciousness
 Hostility 5.loss of pleasure / poor
hygiene.
 Excitement
Positive
symptom
Negative
symptom

12. BLUELER’S 4A:-
BLUELER’S 4A
1. Loosening of association
2. Ambivalence
3. Affected disturbances
4.Autistic thinking

13. ETIOLOGICAL THEORIES :-
Biological
theory
neurostructural
theory
Sociocultural
theory
a) Genetic
constribution
b) Dopamine
hypothesis
a) Neuro chemical and
neuroanatomic factor
b) Serotonin hypothesis
Social factors

14. (ICD 10) CLASSIFICATION:-
 F20- F29 = schizophrenia,schizotypal and delusional
disorder.
 F20=schizophrneia
 F20.0= paranoid schizophrenia
 F20.1= hebephrenic schizophrenia
 F20.2= catatonic schizophrenia
 F20.3= undifferentiated schizophrenia
 F20.4=post-schizophrenia depression
 F20.5= residual schizophrenia
 F20.6= simple schizophrenia
 F21= schizotypal disorder

16. PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA:-
 People with this type of psychotic disorder
experience with preoccupied with false belief about
being persecuted and being punished by someone.
 There thinking ,emotion remain fairly normal
Symptom’s are : 1. paranoid delusion
2. hallucination
3. auditory variety
4.perceptual disturbances

18. CATATONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA:-
 People with these type of disorder are generally
immobile and unresponsive .
 People become rigid and stiff and unwilling to move
.
 Symptom 1. psychomotor disturbances
2. hyperkinesis
3. stupor
4.autonomic obedience
5.negativism

19. UNDIFFERENTIATED SCHIZOPHRENIA:-
 This is the condition where persons symptom do
not clearly represent ones of the other three sub
type .

20. 1. Post
schizophrenia
2. Simple
schizophrenia
3.Residual
schizophrenia
A depressive episode
arises .
(+)ve and (-)ve
symptom is still
present.
Insidious onset .loss of
drive ,intrest and
impairement in social
function .
Social withdrawl

21. RESIDUAL SCHIZOPHRENIA
 Severity of symptom get increased.
 Hallucination
 Delusion

22. FAMOUS PEOPLE WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA
John Nash – Nobel
Prize winner
Syd Barret – guitarist for
Pink Floyd Mary Todd Lincoln –
wife of Abraham
Lincoln

23. A BEAUTIFUL MIND
 The movie, A Beautiful Mind, was created based on the life of
schizophrenic John Nash
 The movie drew the audience into Nash’s delusions, with the
imagined people and conspiracies seeming to be completely real
 Half-way through the movie, Nash is diagnosed with
schizophrenia and his delusions are revealed to the audience
 The movie then documents Nash’s struggles with his disorder and
his coming to terms with it
 In the end, Nash is able to live with his schizophrenia and
becomes a professor at Princeton as well as the recipient of a Nobel
Prize for one of his economic theories
 The movie creates a decent portrayal of schizophrenia and helps
viewers understand how reality can become so mixed up in the
mind of a schizophrenic

24. Nash’s two main
delusions as seen in
the movie