The document discusses using advances in neurotechnology to treat diseases and enhance human abilities. It notes that brain-machine interfaces, brain reading/uploading, enhanced learning and greater sensory powers could help with conditions like schizophrenia, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's, depression, blindness and deafness. However, major technological breakthroughs are still needed to achieve this. The document argues that focusing research and commercialization efforts on diseases without good treatment options and large markets could help drive progress in the field.