This document provides instructions and examples for students to write posts discussing similarities and differences between the current COVID-19 pandemic and past pandemics like the 1918 influenza pandemic and 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Students are asked to write three original posts making comparisons and commenting on five other student posts. The examples provided compare transmission methods and case numbers between COVID-19 and H1N1. References must be included. The document also provides questions for students to respond to in writing assignments on global leadership and managing corporations internationally while considering cultural differences.

1. Write at least a three-page analysis using the case study on
pages 343-344 of your textbook: “Expatriate Management at
AstraZeneca PLC.”
Your analysis should address the prompts listed below.
· Critically analyze AstraZeneca’s expatriate management
practices.
· Surveys show that most expatriates report feeling the strain of
managing the demands of work and home while adjusting to the
foreign environment, leading to more anxieties at home and at
the workplace. What steps can an organization take to mitigate
this?
· What decisions related to expatriates can organizations take to
maximize the benefits to the company despite the economic
downturn? Do you think a company that paid more careful
attention to selection could further boost its chances of success?
This week, I would like you to discuss similarities with past
pandemics, and the current COVID-19 pandemic using this link
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1968-
pandemic.html
What do you see as similar, and what do you see as different?
It is CRITICAL that you document your sources with the week's
discussion. If your post has no references or the references are
really not reliable nor valid, then you will receive zero points
for the post. This includes both your own post, and your
comments on other's posts.
The rationale for this involves the amount of commentary that is
available about the pandemic from people that are not scientists,
nor do they have the knowledge of infectious diseases. What
they DO have is a strong desire to sound good and influence
people. We HAVE TO know what is good information and hat is

2. not good information.
Several posts due this week... You must write three original
posts, and comment on five other posts for a total of eight posts
for credit this week.
EXAMPLE:
Post 1: An initial similarity between COVID-19 and the 2009
(H1N1) pdm09 virus was the unknown of the virus’. Both
viruses’ have not been seen in human before yet strands of the
virus had. COVID-19 is new coronavirus that has not been
detected in humans before. There have been many strands of
coronavirus that have detected in humans before such as the
common cold (CDC, 2020).
Similarly, the 2009 (H1N1) pdm09 virus was very different
from H1N1 virus’ that were detected before the pandemic.
There were few young people who were found to have the
antibodies likely from a previous exposure to H1N1 virus strand
(CDC, 2019).
Both the recent pandemics were mutated strands of virus’ that
we have seen before.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, May 9).
Coronavirus (COVID-19) frequently asked questions. Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention.
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019, June 11).
2009 H1N1 Pandemic (H1N1pdm09 virus). Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-
resources/2009-h1n1-pandemic.html.
Post 2:
The effects of the H1N1 virus and the COVID-19 pandemics
seem to different in terms of total number of cases. As of right
now, the COVID-19 virus seems that it will project more cases

3. than the H1N1 virus.
The CDC estimated that 151,700-575,400 people died
worldwide from (H1N1) pdm09 virus during the first year.
Additionally, the CDC estimated that from April 12, 2009 to
April 10, 2010 there were 60.8 million cases worldwide (CDC,
2019).
The CDC currently reports 1,342,594 cases and 80,820 deaths in
the United States (CDC, 2020). The virus is also hitting many
other countries.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, May 7).
Cases in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-
updates/cases-in-us.html.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019, June 11).
2009 H1N1 Pandemic (H1N1pdm09 virus). Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-
resources/2009-h1n1-pandemic.html.
Post 3:
In the current and then most recent pandemics, the virus’ spread
in similar ways. The H1N1 spreads in similar ways to the
seasonal flu; it mainly spreads from person to person or from
touching an infected surface and then touching your face (CDC,
2019). Similarly, COVID-19 spreads mainly through close
contact person to person by respiratory droplets. The virus can
also be spread from people who do not show symptoms (CDC,
2020).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, May 7).
Cases in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-
updates/cases-in-us.html.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019, June 11).
2009 H1N1 Pandemic (H1N1pdm09 virus). Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-
resources/2009-h1n1-pandemic.html.

4. 5 Peers to reply on (With including references in the reply):
1: When looking at COVID-19 and the HIV pandemic, there are
many differences. First of all, COVID-19 is transmitted via
cough and sneeze, while HIV is transmitted by direct contact
with bodily fluids of someone with HIV (Newman, 2020).
Another difference is that COVID-19 is currently not treatable
or preventable by drugs, while HIV has antiviral medication to
treat (Newman, 2020).
And lastly, there's an obvious difference between the two, one
is an immunodeficiency virus and the other is a novel
coronavirus (Newman, 2020).
2: According to the CDC, H1N1 had an estimated death toll of
151,700 - 575,400 people worldwide. According to John
Hopkins University as of today May 13, 2020 Coronavirus has
had 80,820 deaths in the United States alone. However John
Hopkins University provides the global number of deaths due
to COVID-19 which are 294,155. The similarity would be that
these two pandemics have and are continuing to taking lives of
many people.
3: In comparison to other pandemics such as SARS, COVID-19
is much less deadly. However, COVID-19 is much more
pervasive and more easily spread than SARS (Callaway et. al,
2020). This has contributed to the number of COVID-19 cases
far surpassing the number of SARS cases in a much shorter
period of time. Additionally, COVID-19 has a much higher
ability to survive in the human body that SARS, and is less
easily identifiable when compared to SARS. SARS has very
severe and noticeable symptoms, where COVID-19 can be
asymptomatic in infected people (Ries, 2020).
4: When comparing the 1918 influenza to that of the 2019
corona virus, it can be seen that they both had different age
groups that were at an increased risk. According to the CDC,
the 1918 influenza had impacted children that were younger

5. than 5, those older than 65, and even those that were between
20 and 40 years old (2019). The surprising and unique property
of this flu pandemic was that it impacted those that were
healthy in the 20-40 year old age group (CDC, 2019). When
comparing to COVID-19, those that are a higher risk are
individuals who are 65 and older and any person that has
underlying health or medical conditions (CDC, 2020).
5: A difference between COVID-19 and Ebola is that Ebola is
extremely deadly as it killed 50% of those who got infected
(Ries, 2020). Ebola was predominately spread through bodily
fluids like sweat and blood during the last stages of the disease,
but it wasn’t as contagious as COVID-19 (Ries, 2020). Another
difference is because symptoms with Ebola were so severe,
health officials were able to quickly identify those who had
been in contact with people who had it and isolate them (Ries,
2020). However, in COVID-19 the level of severity in
symptoms varies between person to person and individuals can
even be asymptotic making it difficult for health officials to
conduct contact tracing.
Question 1
What does effective global leadership achieve? What are the
different roles that managers on international assignment often
assume to enhance leadership effectiveness? Choose one
country in South America and one country in Europe to describe
some of the differences.
Your response must be at least 200 words in length.
QUESTION 2
Technology is one of the methods used in business overseas.
Describe the impact of e-business on leadership. What
differences would a manager have to be aware of if doing

6. business in Africa, Australia, or South America?
Your response must be at least 200 words in length.
QUESTION 3
Describe positive and negative outcomes that can result from
societal, political, and cultural differences when managing a
corporation in North America, South America, Europe, Asia,
Africa, and Australia.
Your response must be at least 200 words in length
QUESTION 4
Consider the role of culture when motivating employees.
Describe some differences that can gain employee trust in at
least three countries. Each country should be located on a
different continent.
Your response must be at least 200 words in length.