Journal club, journal club presentation, public health, medicine, critical appraisal, journal, epidemiology, nursing, health care, health management, health system

1. Journal Club Presentation
Presented By:
Name: Shristi K.C.
Roll No: 26
BPH, VIII Semester, SHAS, PU.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 1

2. Presented for the partial fulfillment of requirement
of
PHA 451 Journal Club/Health Seminar
of
Bachelor of Public Health, VIII Semester,
School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University
under the cardinal supervision of
Assistant Professor Dr. Hari Prasad Kaphle
By
Shristi K.C.,
17370203,
2016-1-37-0127.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 2

3. Selected Article for Presentation
• Authors : Sandhya V Shimoga, Erlyana Erlyana and Vida Rebello
• Tittle of article journal : Associations of Social Media Use With
Physical Activity and Sleep Adequacy Among Adolescents: (Cross-
Sectional Survey)
• Journal name: JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
• Year: 18 June 2019
• volume : 21
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 3

4. Journal Information
The Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) began publishing in
1999 as a free, electronic, open access journal of cyber-medicine and
electronic health. JMIR is an international, interdisciplinary, scientific,
peer-reviewed journal focused on research information and
communication in the health care field using Internet-and intranet-
related technologies.
JMIR's goal is to help health care and medical professionals and
consumers maximize the use of the Internet to deliver quality health
care and health information.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 4

5. Contd..
• Publisher: JMIR publications
• Frequency: Upon acceptance (issues aggregated monthly)
• Impact factor: 5.03 (2019)
• ISSN: 1438-8871
• LCCN: 00252482
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 5

6. Critical Appraisal of Journal
• JMIR is the official journal of both the Society for the Internet in
Medicine (sponsors of the MedNet conference) and the Internet
Healthcare Coalition.
• Journal sections have clearly defined editorial policies and identified
contact editors. The sections are Editorials and Guest Editorials,
Original Papers, Policy Papers and Proposals, Letters to the Editor,
Reviews/Tutorials, Book Reviews and Critically Appraised Topics in
Communication (CATCH-IT) Reports, Health Informatics, and
Technology.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 6

7. Tittle of Article
• Associations of Social Media Use With Physical Activity and Sleep
Adequacy Among Adolescents: Cross-Sectional Survey
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 7

8. Critical Appraisal of Tittle
• The title of the article is simple, clear and understandable.
• The title gives the idea of study subject, study population.
• The title is not too lengthy.
• The title reflects the aim and objective of the study.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 8

9. Authors
Sandhya V Shimoga*, PhD; Erlyana Erlyana*, MD, PhD; Vida
Rebello*, MSHCA
Department of Health Care Administration, California State University
Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, United States
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 9

10. Critical Appraisal of Authors
• Authors names, correspondence authors are mentioned with their
respective study area and subject.
• Every authors have access to their credentials.
• Every author’s post, work and contribution to the study is clearly
mentioned.
• Author’s contact, email are provided.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 10

11. Abstract
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 11

12. Critical Appraisal of Abstract
• Abstract is structured. It has specific sections which are self-
explanatory.
• Abstract gives the accurate summary of the article.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 12

13. Introduction
• Over the past decade, regular use of social media by young adults has
increased considerably from 89% in 2014 to 97% in 2016.
• Adolescents are more likely than any other age group to use social media.
• The predominant conclusion reached by studies on the relationship between
social media use and health behaviors is that the time spent on social media
use supplants time spent otherwise on physical activity or sleeping.
• While many studies have focused on excessive use of social media or the
internet, evidence is emerging that the relationship between intensity of
internet use and health outcomes is not necessarily linear. Some recent
studies suggested a U-shaped relationship between internet use frequency
and depressive symptoms, where both low and high levels of internet use
were associated with higher risks for depression and lower levels of mental
well-being.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 13

14. Critical Appraisal of Introduction
• It provides the background of the study.
• Informative and indicative.
• It has relevant literature regarding the topic.
• Some variables are not clearly defined.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 14

15. Materials and methods
• Study area: United states
• Study population: Adolescents (8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students)
• Sample size: 43,994 students
• Sampling method : Multistage random sampling
• Data for the study were from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) survey.
MTF collects data through self-administered questionnaires in
approximately 420 high schools and middle schools in the contiguous
United States.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 15

16. Critical Appraisal of Materials and Methods
• Time period of the study is mentioned.
• Inclusion criteria are defined.
• All variables are operationally defined.
• Ethical guidelines were followed for data collection.
12/10/2020 Sheristi K.C. 16

17. Results
• The study population consisted of 51.13% female students; 37.48%
were from the South and 80.07% were from a metropolitan statistical
area.
• Of the 20,879 students who answered both the questions on physical
activity and on social media use, almost half reported being physically
active every day or nearly every day, while 17.06% reported lower
levels of physical activity.
• Of the 20,950 students who answered both the questions on sleep and
on social media use, about 41.82% reported getting 7 hours of sleep
nearly every day, while 18.39% of the students reported never or
seldom getting 7 hours of sleep.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 17

18. Contd…
• Among students with a low level of physical activity, the likelihood of
reporting physical activity decreased with increasing social media use.
• Among students who got inadequate sleep, social media nonusers
were less likely to report getting 7 hours of sleep regularly than were
students who used social media every day.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 18

19. Critical Appraisal of Results
• Results are presented in an easy way through tables.
• Tables are clear and understandable.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 19

20. Discussion
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 20

21. Critical Appraisal of Discussion
• Discussion are basis on the analyzed data.
• Other factors then the topic included that affect health behaviours are
also discussed.
• Mental health issues are also included which may arise other questions
too.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 21

22. Conclusion
• Study indicates that regular social media use reinforces health
behaviors of adolescents at the extreme ends of the health behavior
spectrum. Among adolescents who follow health behaviors to a
moderate extent, a moderate use of social media provides the most
benefit.
• Future studies examining the content of social media sites visited and
the interaction patterns, as well as the number of hours spent on social
media sites, would inform understanding of the impact of social
media use on health behaviors and facilitate using optimal social
media to promote health behaviors.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 22

23. Critical Appraisal of Conclusion
• Conclusion are based on the results obtained from the study.
• Objective of the study is mentioned.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 23

24. References
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 24

25. Critical Appraisal of References
• References are cited as per the recommended guidelines by the
journal.
• References are relevant.
• Some refrences are not easily accessible.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 25

26. Strengths
• Author’s had suggested about other factors which may alter the
results.
• Ethical guidelines were followed for data collection.
• All the variables are clearly defined and measured in the given article.
• Discussion is based on the results obtained.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 26

27. Weaknesses
• Selection of data were limited to 2014 and 2015 due to major changes
to the questions on social media use in 2014 .
• All the students were not included.
• Other variables did not significantly change the reported results.
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 27

28. Overall significance of the article
• New finding
Regular social media use reinforces health behaviors of adolescents at
the extreme ends of the health behavior spectrum
• Generalizability of article
The article has been cited by other articles.
• New research question generated
what other factors may affect physical activity an sleep adequacy among
adolescents?
12/10/2020 Shristi K.C. 28

29. 12/10/2020 <Insert your name here> 29