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1. Journal Club Presentation
Presented By:
Name: Dilasha K.C.
Roll No: 12
BPH, VIII Semester, SHAS, PU.
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2. Presented for the partial fulfillment of requirement
of
PHA 451 Journal Club/Health Seminar
of
Bachelor of Public Health, VIII Semester,
School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University
under the cardinal supervision of
Assistant Professor Dr. Hari Prasad Kaphle
By
Dilasha K.C.,
17370189,
2016-1-37-0113.
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3. Selected article for presentation
• Authors : Carmina Shrestha, Calvin Ghimire, Sajan Acharya, Prabhat KC,
Swarndeep Singh, Pawan Sharma
• Title of article journal : Mental Wellbeing during the lockdown period
following the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross Sectional
Study
• Article in Journal Of Nepal Medical Association
• October 2020; Volume 58; Issue 230; Page number 744-750
• DOI : 10.31729/jnma.5498
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4. Journal of Nepal Medical Association Information
• This journal is published monthly by the Nepal Medical Association since
1963 AD.
• The print version of the journal is supported by the Ministry of Health,
Government of Nepal.
• It is an internationally peer-reviewed, MedLine/PubMed indexed which is a
general medical journal.
• It is available at PubMed, DOAJ, Google Scholar, Index Copernicus,
EBSCO, EMBASE and other repositories.
• This journal does not charge any fees for submission, article processing,
publication and to read.
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5. Journal of Nepal Medical Association Information
• Print ISSN: 0028-2715; Online ISSN: 1815-672X of JNMA.
• The JNMA work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License.
• Impact Factor (IF) : 1.030(2019/20) [IF measures the average number of
citations received in a particular year by paper published in the journal
during two preceding years.]
• SCImago Journal Rank (SJR): 0.355 [It provides a quantitative and
qualitative measure of a journal's impact.]
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6. Journal of Nepal Medical Association Information
• Editor-in-Chief
Dr Angel Magar
Member: Council of Science Editor (CSE), USA | Committee on
Publication Ethics (COPE), UK | International Society of Managing and
Technical Editors (ISMTE) | World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)
Asia Pacific Association of Medical Journal Editors (APAME)
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7. Critical Appraisal of Journal
• This journal provides immediate open access to its content.
• The research integrity is maintained in this journal.
• Journal's Impact Factor is average.
• Most of the submission is accepted or published within 3 months, but
sometimes it may take longer.
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8. Tittle of Article
Mental Wellbeing during the Lockdown Period following the COVID-19
Pandemic in Nepal : A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
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9. Critical Appraisal of Title
• The title indicates the focus, aim and objective of the study.
• It provides information about study design i.e. cross sectional study.
• It also clarifies the study area i.e. Nepal.
• The title is long which could be adjusted.
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10. Authors
• Carmina Shrestha: Patan Academy of Health Sciences- School of
Medicine, Lalitpur Nepal,
• Calvin Ghimire: Patan Academy of Health Sciences- School of Medicine,
Lalitpur Nepal,
• Sajan Acharya: New York Medical College/Metropolitan Hospital Center,
New York, USA,
• Prabhat KC: Patan Academy of Health Sciences- School of Medicine,
Lalitpur Nepal,
• Swarndeep Singh: Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India,
• Pawan Sharma: Department of Psychiatry, Patan Academy of Health
Sciences-School of Medicine, Lalitpur, Nepal.
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11. Critical Appraisal of Authors
• There are 6 authors in total.
• The name of the authors are clearly mentioned.
• The author's current area of expertise is mentioned.
• However, their designation is not mentioned.
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12. Abstract
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13. Critical Appraisal of Abstract
• The abstract is informative and structured.
• The content of the abstract summarizes the article.
• The information provided in the abstract is present in detail in the context.
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14. Introduction
• COVID-19 pandemic has lead to increase of mental health problems like
depression and anxiety which are often neglected.
• Psychological stressors during lockdown include-
 duration of isolation,
fear of infection,
frustration,
boredom,
inadequate essential supplies,
inadequate information,
financial concerns.
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15. Critical Appraisal of Introduction
• The introduction has mentioned the emphasis of pandemic.
• It has explored the necessity of mental health around which this study is
built.
• However, it has not elaborated the significance of conducting this research
in Nepal.
• The citations are followed with correct references in the list of references.
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16. Materials and Methods
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Population Group Web-based study conducted in social media group(Facebook,
LinkedIn, Twitter) using CHERRIES checklist within Nepal
Study design Descriptive, cross-sectional study
Sample Convenience sampling was conducted
Sample size 564. [ Completion rate - 0.986; 556/564 ]
Study material Pre-validated, open source questionnaires; WHO Well Being
Index(WHO-5) , Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) , Single-item
Sleep Quality Scale(SQS) were used.
Study procedure Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data in SPSS
version 23.0.
Study duration 4 months (1st April to 30th July, 2020)

17. Critical Appraisal of Materials and Methods
• The methods are in accordance to the study which is conducted using open
source questionnaires.
• Ethical clearance is obtained from Nepal Health Research Council.(ref
no.2467)
• The duration of the study is clearly stated.
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18. Critical Appraisal of Materials and Methods
• The data consists of descriptive profile of the participants and it is analyzed
by using mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage through SPSS
version 23.0.
• However, even though the study is conducted in population of Nepal, the
exclusion criteria is not specified.
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19. Results
• Out of 556 participants, 40% of the participants reported a WHO well-being
index score of below 13, which indicates poor mental well being and need
assessment for depression.
• Poor mental well being was more prevalent among participants less than 30
years of age, female gender, never married, diagnosed mental disorder,
living alone and those using informal sources for COVID-19 related
information.
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20. Results
• As the education level of participants increased, the number of participants
reporting poor mental well being decreased.
• More participants with lower sleep quality score and higher perceived stress
score reported poor mental wellbeing.
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21. Critical Appraisal of Results
• The results are clearly stated in the form of texts, figures and tables.
• The results coincide with the aim and objective of the study.
• The results clearly associates the relationship between the risk factor and
outcome.
• It is presented in a logical and comprehensible manner.
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22. Discussion
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23. Critical Appraisal of Discussion
• The discussion indicates the current importance of further studies related to
psychological impacts on health.
• It has highlighted the important findings of the study which shows poor
mental health wellbeing among younger age group.
• It has also suggested of developing necessary psychological intervention
materials and rules to improve mental health well being.
• It has well presented the important findings of the study.
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24. Conclusion
• Combating mental health challenges require integration across disciplines
and incorporation of lesson learnt from past epidemics.
• More studies done on a larger scale are needed to determine accurate
correlates to mental wellbeing in order to formulate effective interventions
and target vulnerable populations.
• Also, it is wise if officials enforce lockdown for no longer than required,
provide a clear rationale for lockdown, and ensure the reasonable needs of
people in lockdown are met.
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25. Critical Appraisal of Conclusion
• The conclusion is drawn on the basis of aim and objective which shows
participants with poor sleep scores, higher perceived stress scores are more
likely to report poor mental wellbeing.
• Also, the recommendation suggests the practice of enforcing lockdown as
the final option which is meaningful in context of present scenario.
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26. References
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27. References
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28. Critical Appraisal for References
• The references are present for every citations in the article.
• The provided references are per scientific conventions.
• There are a total of 33 references.
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29. Strengths
• The study has mentioned proportionate distribution of demographic
characters which have pointed out various risk factors for poor mental
health.
• The study also describes the probable consequences resulting due to the
uncertainty of situation like pandemic.
• This study can also help to guide and advocate for proper and adequate
intervention for mental wellbeing.
• The study is conducted using appropriate scientific guidelines.
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30. Weaknesses
• The study has not included exclusion criteria like age limit of respondents.
• The study is limited by differences in baseline mental health issues, cultural
and socioeconomic background.
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31. Overall significance of the article
• Findings in the study are believable in context of mental health
wellbeing.
• Evidence are well generated from various sources.
• It has presented the recent scenario of a pandemic.
• Contributes to the scientific society for further studies.
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32. Contribution of article for my research.
Research Title : Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive patients
during COVID-19 Pandemic.
• It provides relevant literature for my research.
• The questionnaires can be taken as reference for my research.
• Also, it provides rationale for conducting my research.
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33. Questions?
Queries?
Suggestions?
Feedbacks?
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34. Thank You!
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