Recall that E. coli can grow in glucose-salts medium, which contains .pdf

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Glucose serves two main purposes for E. coli in a glucose-salts medium. It acts as the primary energy source, being broken down through central metabolism pathways like the EMP pathway and TCA cycle to generate energy. Glucose also provides the carbon that makes up the cell's organic molecules, as E. coli is composed almost entirely of carbon-containing molecules and obtains its carbon mainly from broken down glucose.

Education

Recall that E. coli can grow in glucose-salts medium, which contains only glucose and a few
inorganic salts. This means the glucose is serving what two purposes in the cell? Starting point
from which all cell components are made Energy source Source of nitrogen A monosaccharide
from that the cell can assemble into polysaccharides such as cellulose for its cell wall Source of
phosphate
Solution
The answer is E.coli, mainly uses glucose as the energy source
Escherichia coli is a heterotrophic organism, carbon is very important to E. coli because the
bacterial cell is composed almost entirely of carbon molecules bound to other important
elements. E. coli's main source of carbon comes from glucose molecules. This is then broken
down into useable carbon by means of central metabolism, which consists of three steps:
1. Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) Pathway: converts glucose to pyruvate
2. Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle: oxidizes Acetyl CoA to CO2
3. Pentose Phosphate Cycle (PPP): oxidizes glucose to CO2

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Heterotrophic Metabolism Bacterial Metabolism heterotrophic metabolism is the biological oxidation of organic substances such as glucose to produce ATP and simpler organic (or inorganic) chemicals that the bacterial cell need for biosynthetic or assimilatory activities. Respiration Respiration is a kind of heterotrophic metabolism that utilises oxygen and produces 380,000 calories from the oxidation of one mole of glucose. (Another 308,000 calories are wasted as heat.) Krebs Cycle The Krebs cycle is the oxidative mechanism in respiration that fully decarboxylates pyruvate (through acetyl coenzyme A). 15 moles of ATP (150,000 calories) are produced by the route. Glyoxylate Cycle The glyoxylate cycle, seen in some bacteria, is a variant of the Krebs cycle. The oxidation of fatty acids or other lipid molecules produces acetyl coenzyme A. Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation ATP is produced in the last stage of respiration by a series of electron transfer processes within the cytoplasmic membrane that drive the oxidative phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. For this process, bacteria utilise a variety of flavins, cytochrome and non-heme iron components, as well as several cytochrome oxidases.

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